Paper presented at Seminar of History and Memory in American Literature and Culture. Instituto Franklin. Universidad de Alcalá. 30th November 2013.

1. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
Sergio
Mena
@menasergio

2. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
USA
went
into
a
war
that
was
an
foreign
matter
until
that
time.
Most
of
the
population
did
not
feel
the
war
as
own.
It
was
necessary
a
big
motivation
to
mobilize
men
and
involve
people
on
that
task.
@menasergio
2

3. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
They
were
a
mass
phenomena
at
that
time.
The
one
who
could
control
them,
could
also
manage
the
audience’s
will.
@menasergio
3

4. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
Controlled
film
policy.
It
produced
educational
documents
to
teach
some
customs
adapted
to
the
needs
of
war
and
to
convince
that
the
war
was
necessary.
Its
goals
were
to
coordinate
the
release
of
war
news
for
domestic
use
using
posters
and
radio
broadcasters,
to
promote
patriotism,
to
warn
on
foreign
spies
and
to
try
to
recruit
women
for
rearward
works
and
men
for
the
front,
specially
afroamericans.
@menasergio
4

5. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
Features
1. To
launch
patriotic
messages
inside
USA
2. To
involve
afroamerican
population
in
war
3. To
show
the
enemy
like
an
animal
4. To
rise
moral
up
so
at
battlefield
like
at
home
@menasergio
5

6. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
How
-­‐
Creating
own
documentaries
-­‐
Encouraging
Hollywood
to
film
movies
on
that
topic
-­‐
Censoring
major's
productions
@menasergio
6

7. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
Rules
-­‐
Psychological
Strategy
Board
-­‐
Government
Information
Manual
for
the
Motion
Picture
Industry
-­‐
Militant
Liberty
Program
@menasergio
7

8. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
To
control
everything
Celebrities
were
used
as
a
linked
image
between
Armed
Forces
and
society
@menasergio
8

9. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
To
control
everything
Posters
were
used
as
a
mean
of
popular
war
measures
teaching
@menasergio
9

10. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
To
control
everything
Advices
paid
attention
to
spies
over
USA
@menasergio
10

11. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
“The
World
at
War”
(1942)
@menasergio
11

12. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
“With
The
Marines
at
Tarawa”
(1944)
@menasergio
12

13. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
Don't
Kill
your
Friends
(1943)
@menasergio
13

14. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
There
were
others
United
States
Army
Special
Service
Division
(USASSD)
United
States
Army
Signal
Corps
(USASC)
War
Activities
Committee
of
the
Motion
Pictures
Industry
(WACMPI)
United
States
Department
of
War
(USDW)
@menasergio
14

15. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
Hollywood
Goes
Into
War
Its
already
global
market
was
in
danger
Jewish
businessmen
controlled
entertainment
industry
American
pride
was
wounded
in
Pearl
Harbor
@menasergio
15

16. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
“This
is
the
Army”
(Michael
Curtiz,
1943)
@menasergio
16

17. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
“Submarine
Alert”
(Frank
McDonald,
1943)
@menasergio
17

18. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
“Why
We
Fight”
(Frank
Capra,
1942)
@menasergio
18

19. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
Features
The
Hero
The
Villain
Values
Dangers
@menasergio
19

20. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
List
of
Masterpieces
The
Battle
of
Midway
(John
Ford,
1942)
Bombardier
(Richard
Wallace,
1943)
Bataan
(Tay
Garnett,
1943)
Behind
the
Rising
Sun
(Edward
Dmytryk,
1943)
So
Proudly
We
Hail!
(Mark
Sandrich,
1943)
Guadalcanal
Diary
(Lewis
Seiler,
1943)
Cry
'Havoc'
(Richard
Thorpe,
1943)
Destination
Tokyo
(Delmer
Daves,
1943)
@menasergio
20

21. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
War
Ends.
War
Begins
OWI
was
closed
in
1945
but
Cold
War
begins
against
Communism
WWII
becomes
a
pattern
where
to
praise
old
heroic
deeds
to
face
new
challenges
@menasergio
21

22. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
List
of
Masterpieces
The
Best
Years
of
Our
Lives
(1946)
From
here
to
eternity
(1953)
The
Guns
of
Navarone
(1961)
The
Longest
Day
(1962)
The
Great
Escape
(1963)
The
Heroes
of
Telemark
(1965)
The
Dirty
Dozen
(1967)
Tora!
Tora!
Tora!
(1970)
@menasergio
22

23. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
“From
Here
To
Eternity”
(Fred
Zinnemann,
1953)
@menasergio
23

24. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
Vietnam
War
is
a
hard
milestone.
Public
Opinion
vows
against
War
Hollywood
changes
its
vision
@menasergio
24

25. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
@menasergio
25

26. Seminar
History
and
Memory
in
American
Literature
and
Culture
Propaganda
and
American
WWII
Films
#PropagandaWWII
Conclusions
1. Films
were
used
as
a
Propaganda
weapon
during
the
war
2. Once
it
finished,
another
sutil
war
began
where
Films
about
WWII
also
contained
indirectly
Propaganda
with
new
purposes
3. As
XX
Century
went
by,
Films
about
WWII
changed
its
point
of
view
@menasergio
26