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1. TENSES
BY
RABIA AWAN

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction.
 Classification on the basis of time frame.
 Classification based on aspect.
 Block diagram of Tenses.
 List of rules.
 Present Tense.
 Past Tense
 Future Tense
 List of examples

3. INTRODUCTION
The word tense is derived from latin word
“tempus” which means time.A verb indicates
the time of an action event or condition by
changing its form

4. BASED ON TIME FRAME
The verb tenses may be catageriozed according
to the time frame:
Present Tense
Past Tense
Future Tense

5. DEFINITIONS OF PRESENT
PAST &FUTURE TENSE
Present Tense:-
Present tenses represents an
unchanging,repeated,reocurring situation that exist
only now.
E.g:-
He goes to school.

6. DEFINITION OF PAST
TENSE
Past Tense expresses an action or situation
that was started and finished in the past
E.g:-
we went to school

7. DEFINITION OF FUTURE
TENSE
Future tense expresses an action or situation
that will occur in the future.
E.g:-
we will go to school..

8. BASED ON ASPECT
Verb tenses may also be catagorized according to aspect.Aspect refer
to the nature of of the action described by the verb.
There are four aspects:
 Indefinite or Simple
 Continuous or Progressive
 Perfect or Complete
 Perfect Continuous

9. DEFINITION OF
INDEFINITE TENSE
The three indefinite tenses or simple tenses ,describes an action but
do not state weather the action is finished or not.
Rule:sub+v1st+s/es+obj
E.g:-
she eats mango.

10. DEFINITION OF
CONTINUOUS TENSE
The three continuous or incomplete tenses,or progressive tenses
describes an unfinished action.
Rule:-sub+h.v+iv4+obj
E.g:-
she is eating mango.

11. DEFINITION OF PERFECT
TENSE
The three complete or perfect tenses describes a
finished action.
Rule:sub+v3rd+obj
E.g:-
They played football.

12. DEFINITION OF PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
To combine the complete tenses and incomplete tenses,to
describes an action which was in progress and then
finished.
Rule:sub+h.v+v4+obj
E.g:-
she has been eating mango.

13. THERE ARE TWELVE
POSSIBLE TENSES
Present Past Future
Present indefinite
Present continuous
Present perfect
Present perfect cont
Past indefinite
Past cont
Past perfect
Past perfect cont
Future indefinite
Future cont
Future perfect
Future perfect
cont

14. HERE IS A LIST OFRULES
OF THESE TENSES
Simple
Forms
Progressiv
Form
Perfect
Form
Perfect
Progresive
Form
PRESENT 1ST+s/es Am/are/is
+1st form+
ing
Have/has+
IIIrd form
Have/has
been+
Istform+in
g
PAST Iind form Was/were+
1st form
+ing
Had+IIIrd
form
Had
been+1st
form+ing
FUTURE will/shall+1
ST
FORM
Will
be/shall
be+1st
form+ing
Will
have/shall
hve+IIIrd
form
Will have
been+1st
form+ing

15. PRESENT TENSE
PRESENT
Present
Indefinite
Present
ContPresent
Perfect Present
Perfect
cont

16. PRESENT INDEFINITE
TENSE
The simple present is used to describe an action,event or
condition that is occuring in the present at the moment
of speaking or writing.
E.g:-
I play.
He/She plays.

17. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
TENSE
The present continuous emphasize the contining nature
an act,condition or event.
E.g:-
I am playing.
He/She is playing.
They are playing.

18. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
The present perfect tense is used to describe action that
began in the past and continuous in the present or has
just been completed.
E.g:-
I have played.
He/She has played.

19. PRESENT PERFECT
CONT.TENSE
It is used to describe an action,event or condition that
has begun in the past and continues into the present.
E.g:-
I/You have been eating.
He/She has been eating.

20. PAST TENSE
PAST
Past Indefinite Past Cont
Past Perfect Past perfect cont

21. PAST INDEFINITE TENSE
It is used to an action,event or condition that
occurred in the past.
E.G:-
I played.
He/She played.

22. PAST CONT .TENSE
It is used to describe action ongoing in the past.
E.g:-
I was eating.
He/She was eating.
They were eating.

23. PAST PERFECT TENSE
It is refer to action that took place and were
completed in the past.
E.g:-
I had played.
He/She had played.

24. PAST PERFECT
CONT.TENSE
It is used to indicate that a continuing action in the past
began before another past action began or interrupted the
first action.
E.g:-
I had been playing.
He/She had been playing.

25. FUTURE TENSE
FUTURE
Future
Indefinite
Future
Cont
Future Perfect
Future Perfect
Cont

26. FUTURE INDEFINITE
TENSE
It is used to refer to action that will take place
after the act of speaking and writing.
E.g:-
I shall play.
He/She will play.

27. FUTURE CONTINUOUS
TENSE
It is used to describe action ongoing in the
future. The future progressive is used to refer to
the continuing action that will occur in future.
E.g:-
I shall be playing.

28. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
It is used to refer to an action that will be
completed sometimes in future before another
action take place.
E.g:-
He/She will have played

29. FUTURE PERFECT
CONT.TENSE
It is used to indicate a continuing action that
will be completed at specified time in the
future.
E.g:-
I shall have been playing.

30. THANKS FOR ATTENTION