1. Table 1<br />Research Table of Literature<br />ThemeAuthorTitle and YearKey IdeasTheoretical Rationale – Seminal Author*data specific to this generation and their tech use*multimedia learning facilitates learning more quickly*tension of teachers’ vs. students’, tech native vs. immigrantMatthew LeeA Study to Investigate Classroom Technology Use on Student Achievement 2010* 3 year study * students reported how they used tech in their lessons – all students have a laptop* no difference was found between deep and shallow users, males and females ACOT2Apple Classrooms of Tomorrow-Today2008* Apple’s study of the six design principles for 21st century high schoolsSCANS report2000* stats regarding skills and competencies needed in today’s workplaceCynthia StrongAddressing the Gender Gap: Teaching Preadolescent Girls Computer Networking Concepts2010*statistics regarding women in technical fieldsRichard MayerThe promise of multimedia learning: using the same instructional design methods across different media2003* words and pictures are more effective in learning material than words alone* 4 affects – multimedia effect, coherence effect, spatial contiguity effect, personalization effectMarc PrenskyDigital Natives, Digital Immigrants2001* students of today are not the students that our educational system was created to educate* teachers don’t teach in a manner that students of today can understand* games used a lot to teach/practicePEW StudyMillenials: Confident. Connected. Open to Change2010*data about the different generations – technology use, cell phones, work ethic, etc.Joyce PittmanThe need for training standards in new technologies for inservice teachers1999*conference proceedings demonstrating the need for tech teaching standards for people who are already teachingPEW StudyGrowing Old: Expectations vs. Reality2009* generational perceptions of getting old* technology statistics – a few of themTheme 1*technology gap between students and teachers*need for teachers to get up to speed/grow in their tech abilitiesThe Digital Divide – Bridging the GapPEW StudyForty Years After Woodstock, A Gentler Generation Gap* looks at generational perceptions of different topics, including technologyJulie MuellerComputer Integration in Elementary and Secondary Schools: Variables Influencing Educators2009* looks at teacher perceptions about computer integration* researched the characteristics and variables that tell who will be a high or low integrator* built a model that includes content, pedagogical and technological knowledge, personal characteristics of teachers, and support from other resourcesPunya Mishra and Matthew KoehlerTechnological Pedagogical Content Knowlegdge: A Framework for Teacher Knowledge* TPACK – content pedagogy and technology * how to teach based on this framework and methods that have resulted from thisLawrence BainesRage Towards the Machine: Technology and Standards in 2001* history of tech standards and their need/creationWatson, D. Understanding the relationship between ICT and education means exploring innovation and change.2006Taylor et alLearning with versus without technology in elementary and secondary school*stats on integration and non-integration – shows integration helpsTheme 2*ways to bridge the gap*research models of how the gap has been addressed successfully*efficacyTraining ModelsJulie MuellerComputer Integration in Elementary and Secondary Schools: Variables Influencing Educators2009* looks at teacher perceptions about computer integration* researched the characteristics and variables that tell who will be a high or low integrator* built a model that includes content, pedagogical and technological knowledge, personal characteristics of teachers, and support from other resourcesDennis McElroyThe magic bullet: The effective administrator’s roles during the implementation of technology in K-12 education2004* principal’s role in successful implementation* case study of a principal who had excellent technology leadership – we can use what this person did to learn what are the effective practices/procedures areAnthony BetrusHistorical Evolution of Instructional Technology in Teacher Education Programs2002*history of tech in techer ed programs*looks at how some tech courses are neglecting the training of how to integrate, instead focusing on the computer use aspect of technologyMarilyn CatchingsModels of Professional Development for Teachers: Factors Influencing Technology Implementation in Elementary Schools2000*factors determined for successful implementation: community of leadership, in-school professional development, tech plan at the school level, and positive teacher attitudes toward the use of technology* a community of leadership was the most important factor as well as was having strong administrator supportRebecca HollandImplementation of a computer technology program and its impact on school climate as perceived by teachers and professional staff on a K-4 campus in the Conroe Independent School District1998* Vernon HarperThe Digital Divide (DD): A reconceptualization for Educators2003* looks at the social and other implications of the DD, not just the lack of technologyTheme 3*most effective model for document cameras based on technology specific types of trainingApplication to New TechnologiesSuzy CoxA conceptual analysis of technological pedagogical content knowledge2008* looks at Mishra/Koehler research and provides more in depth descriptions of each of the knowledge sections of their research* some history of TPACKJoyce PittmanThe need for training standards in new technologies for inservice teachers1999*conference proceedings demonstrating the need for tech teaching standards for people who are already teachingNCES2009*statistics for tech use from US Dept. of Ed.ISTE2007*tech standards for students, teachers, and administratorsKarina ClemmonsWhy we can’t live without our document cameras: Effective classroom strategies to integrate technology and interactive instruction* varied, interactive lesson ideas for use with document camerasCandace FiggPortable Technologies in the Classroom: Ubiquitous tools to support cultural diversity and environmental education2005*how the use of portable technologies provide learning opportunities that used to be too expensive or difficult to bring to the classroomSandy SchuckDigital Video as a Tool in Research Projects: Zooming in on current issues2004*overview of issues surrounding the use of digital video as a research collection toolSummary*multimedia learning is good, but there is a gap between students’ and teachers’ use/ability, so it is good to train teachers to be effective users of technology<br />