ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) and ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) are psychiatric disorders belonging to the area neurodevelopmental concerns.

1. ADD/ADHD
Treatment

2. ADD/ADHD
• ADD: Attention Deficit Disorder
• ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder

3. What is ADHD?
 ADHD is a common behavioral disorder that affects about 10% of school-
age children. Boys are more prone to this disorder than girls.
 A medical condition characterized by inattention and hyperactivity -
impulsivity. It is the most common behavioral disorder that starts during
childhood. However, ADHD not only affects children but also affects people
of all ages.
 An individual with ADHD finds it much more difficult to focus on
something without being distracted.
 He has greater difficulty in controlling what he is doing or saying and is less
able to control how much physical activity is appropriate for a particular
situation compared to somebody without ADHD.

4. What is ADHD?
 In other words, a person with ADHD is much more impulsive and restless.
 Kids with ADHD act without thinking are hyperactive and have trouble
focusing. They may understand what will be expected of them but have
trouble following through because they can't sit still, pay attention, or focus
on details.

5. Types of ADHD
There are three types of ADHD. They are defined according to which
symptoms stand out the most.
1. Predominantly Inattentive ADHD
 Impaired attention and concentration mark this ADHD.
 The person finds it very difficult to organize or finish a task.
 They find it hard to pay attention to details and find it difficult to follow
instructions or conversations.

6. Types of ADHD
2. Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD
 Hyperactivity marks this without inattentiveness. The person finds it hard
to keep still - they fidget and talk a lot.
 A smaller child may be continually jumping, running or climbing. They are
restless and impulsive - interrupting others, grabbing things and speaking at
inappropriate times.
 They have difficulty waiting their turn and find it hard to listen to
directions.
 A person with this type of ADHD will have more injuries and accidents
than others.

7. Types of ADHD
3. Combined ADHD
 A person whose symptoms include all those of 1 and 2, and whose
symptoms are equally predominant. In other words, all the signs and
symptoms in 1 and 2 stand out equally.

8. Symptoms of ADHD
There are three different categories of ADHD symptoms: inattention,
hyperactivity, impulsivity.
1. Inattention
 Making careless mistakes – for example, in schoolwork appearing
forgetful or losing things being unable to stick at tasks that are tedious or
time-consuming appearing to be unable to listen to or carry out instructions
consistently.
 Changing activity or task - having difficulty organizing tasks.

9. Symptoms of ADHD
2. Hyperactivity
 Often squirms, fidgets, or bounces when sitting.
 A Child always goes out for running or climbing on things.
3. Impulsivity
 Blurts out answers before the question has been completed.
 Often interrupts others.

10. Causes of ADHD
Genes:
 ADHD has a strong genetic basis in the majority of cases. ADHD tends to run
in families and, in most cases, it is thought the genes that inherit from your
parents are a significant factor in developing this condition.
Nutrition and Food:
 Some experts believe that food additives may exacerbate ADHD. A popular
belief is that refined sugar may be a cause for a range of abnormal behaviors.

11. Causes of ADHD
Environment:
 There may be a link between ADHD and maternal smoking. Nevertheless,
nicotine can cause hypoxia (lack of oxygen) in utero of mother that impact on
her baby leading to
Brain Injury:
 Brain injury may also be a cause of attention deficit disorder in children.
Exposure to toxins or physical injury, either before or after birth is also a cause
for this disorder.

12. Causes of ADHD
Other Possible Causes:
 Various other reasons have also been suggested as having a role in the
development of ADHD.
 Being born prematurely (before the 37th week of pregnancy)
 Having a low birth-weight
 Brain damage either in the womb or in the first few years of life
 Drinking alcohol, smoking or misusing drugs while pregnant

13. Diagnosis of AD
 There is no single medical, physical, or another test for diagnosing
ADD/ADHD. ADD/ADHD looks different in every person, so there is a
wide array of criteria—or measures for testing. To determine if you or your
child has ADD/ADHD, a doctor or other health professional will need to be
involved.

14. Diagnosing ADHD in Children
Some symptoms that suggest ADHD in children include inattention,
hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Many children with ADHD:
 Are in constant motion
 Squirm and fidget
 Make careless mistakes
 Do not seem to listen
 Do not finish tasks

15. Diagnosing ADHD in Adults
In addition to symptoms of inattention and/or impulsiveness, adults with
ADHD may have other problems, including:
 Chronic lateness and forgetfulness
 Anxiety
 Poor organizational skills
 Low self-esteem
 Employment problems
 Short temper
 Difficulty finishing a task

16. Treatment of ADHD
 ADHD cannot be cured. But many of the symptoms that interfere with
functioning and cause distress can be controlled.
 Treatment for ADHD often includes a combination of medication and
various psychosocial therapies.
 Medication can help reduce symptoms of hyperactivity, inattentiveness,
and impulsivity in children and adults with ADD/ADHD.
 However, medications are not the only treatment options for solving this
ADD and ADHD problems.

17. Conclusion
 You may be a parent or a patient nothing matters, it’s important to know the
facts about ADD/ADHD medications without side effects. So feel
responsible and get rid of these problems with best practices and decisions.