Construction Management - PPt on the different Hoisting equipment use in the construction process

2. HOISTING In Architectural terms Hoisting means Lifting loads ,Light or Heavy, with the help of machines or any other mechanical means. Generally Known as Vertical Traction.

4. Elevators,

5. Lift cables,

6. Monorails,

7. Jacks,

8. Hoisting buckets,

9. Lever operated hoist,

10. Pulleys,

11. Wire rope hoist,

12. Stacker,

13. Wheels,

14. Work levers,

16. They are mostly used to pull, lift, hoist, haul or raise equipment to different places. They are available in different types, sizes, capacities, models and functions depending upon individuals needs.

17. They are very easy to use and are cost effective too. Hoisting equipment are used in construction industries, transport industry, chemical industries, mechanical industry, sopping malls, buildings, agricultural industry, and in almost all the industrial sectors thus fulfilling different hoisting requirements of buyers.

18. Hoisting is the operation of lifting the load. Hence equipments used for hoisting purpose lift the load from the place, hold it in suspension during transfer from one location to the other and finally place it on the desired location. It should be strong enough to negotiate the load prescribed and should consume minimum time possible in the operation and it must be quite safe while handling.

19. Types of Hoisting Equipments: PULLEY Pulley and sheave are used for lifting rough surfaced and heavy objects. Both chains and wire ropes are used for this purpose. CHAIN HOIST It is used for lifting loads upto 50 tonnes. The system consists of hand chain n load chain. The pull applied through the hand chain is transmitted to the load chain with a multiplication factor of over 20. JACK IT is based on the principle of inclined plane. The smallest jack may have capacities for 5 tonne,while the bigger variety may be of 100 tonnes capacity. WINCH It is a combination of gears (spur and pinion),clutches and brakes. The operation is controlled through a series of levers. CRANE It is most widely used equipment as an independent unit. Lifting capacity veries from 0.5 tonnes to 500 tonnes.

20. CHAIN HOISTS PULLEY

21. Types of Jacks: MECHANICAL In this system, load is mounted on the platform which is attached with spirally threaded spindle. The platform is rotated and load is lifted. HYDRAULIC In this system, pressure is exerted by a liquid on the surface. MECHANICAL JACK HYDRAULIC JACK

22. WINCH

23. CRANES

24. The principal components of hoisting machines are: sheaves and pulleys, for the hoisting mechanisms; winches and hoists, for the power units; and derricks and cranes, for the structural elements. Sheaves and pulleys or blocks are a means of applying power through a rope, wire, cable, or chain. Sheaves are wheels with a grooved periphery that change the direction or the point of application of a force transmitted by means of a rope or cable.

25. Pulleys are made up of one or more sheaves mounted in a frame, usually with an attaching swivel hook, eye, or similar device at one or both ends. Pulley systems are a combination of blocks. winches are designed for stationary service, while hoists are mounted so that they can be moved about, for example, on wheel trolleys in connection with overhead crane operations. A winch is basically a drum or cylinder around which cordage is coiled for hoisting or hauling. The drum may be operated either manually or by power, using a worm gear and worm wheel, or a spur gear arrangement. A ratchet and pawl prevent the load from slipping; large winches are equipped with brakes, usually of the external band type.

26. CRANES

27. A crane is a lifting machine, generally equipped with a winder (also called a wire rope drum), wire ropes or chains and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally. It uses one or more simple machines to create mechanical advantage and thus move loads beyond the normal capability of a human. Cranes are commonly employed in the transport industry for the loading and unloading of freight, in the construction industry for the movement of materials and in the manufacturing industry for the assembling of heavy equipment.

28. Types of Cranes: DERRICK CRANE It consists of a mast supported by a number of members. MOBILE CRANE It is a crane mounted on pneumatic type truck on crawler tractor chasis. WHIRLER CRANE It combines the advantage of long boom of derrick and mobility of the mobile crane. TOWER CRANE It is used for erecting very tall industrial and residential buildings. HYDRAULIC CRANE It is very popular in the present day because length of the boom can be changed during the working of the crane itself. GANTRY / OVERHEAD CRANE It is a must in factories and workshops. Two main girders are fixed at the end of the bridge. The chief advantage lies in the three way movement of the load.

29. A derrick is distinguished by a mast in the form of a slanting boom pivoted at its lower end and carrying load-supporting tackle at its outer end. In contrast, jib cranes always have horizontal booms. Derricks are standard equipment on construction jobs; they are also used on freighters for loading and unloading cargo, and on barges for dredging operations. Hoisting machines with a bridge like structure spanning the area over which they operate are overhead-traveling or gantry cranes.

30. Various types of cranes are: Mobile Cranes The most basic type of crane consists of a steel truss or telescopic boom mounted on a mobile platform, which could be a rail, wheeled, or even on a cat truck. The boom is hinged at the bottom and can be either raised or lowered by cables or hydraulic cylinders. Telescopic Crane Mobile Crane Telescopic CraneThis type of crane offers a boom that consists of a number of tubes fitted one inside of the other. A hydraulic mechanism extends or retracts the tubes to increase or decrease the length of the boom.

31. Tower CraneThe tower crane is a modern form of a balance crane. When fixed to the ground, tower cranes will often give the best combination of height and lifting capacity and are also used when constructing tall buildings Tower Crane Truck Mounted Crane Truck Mounted CraneCranes mounted on a rubber tire truck will provide great mobility. Outriggers that extend vertically or horizontally are used to level and stabilize the crane during hoisting.

32. Rough Terrain CraneA crane that is mounted on an undercarriage with four rubber tires, designed for operations off road. The outriggers extend vertically and horizontally to level and stabilize the crane when hoisting. These types of cranes are single engine machines where the same engine is used for powering the undercarriage as it is for powering the crane. In these types of cranes, the engine is normally mounted in the undercarriage rather thanin the upper portion. Rough Terrain Crane Loader Crane Loader CraneA loader crane is a hydraulically powered articulated arm fitted to a trailer, used to load equipment onto a trailer. The numerous sections can be folded into a small space when the crane isn’t in use.

33. Overhead CraneAlso referred to as a suspended crane, this type is normally used in a factory, with some of them being able to lift very heavy loads. The hoist is set on a trolley which will move in one direction along one or two beams, which move at angles to that direction along elevated or ground level tracks, often mounted along the side of an assembly area.

34. A concrete pump is a tool used for transferring liquid concrete by pumping. There are two types of concrete pumps. The first type of concrete pump is attached to a truck. It is known as a trailer-mounted boom concrete pump because it uses a remote-controlled articulating robotic arm (called a boom) to place concrete with pinpoint accuracy. Boom pumps are used on most of the larger construction projects as they are capable of pumping at very high volumes and because of the labour saving nature of the placing boom. They are a revolutionary alternative to truck-mounted concrete pumps.

35. The second main type of concrete pump is either mounted on a truck or placed on a trailer, and it is commonly referred to as a line pump or trailer-mounted concrete pump. This pump requires steel or rubber concrete placing hoses to be manually attached to the outlet of the machine. Those hoses are linked together and lead to wherever the concrete needs to be placed. Line pumps normally pump concrete at lower volumes than boom pumps and are used for smaller volume concrete placing applications such as swimming pools, sidewalks, and single family home concrete slabs and most ground slabs.

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