UL offers a complete range of testing services for wearable technology products, and has a comprehensive knowledge of the regulatory approval process in key target markets. In addition, UL can provide specialized testing services, including energy efficiency testing and certification, product performance testing and product reliability testing. UL can also support quality and safety initiatives across global supply chains through product inspections and factory audits. For additional information about UL’s services for wearable technology products, contact wearables@ul.com, ul.com/wearables.

1. UL’s
Guide
to
Differentiate
your
Wearables
from
Competition
Maxi
Tsai
蔡昌益
Business
Development
Manager
UL
AG
,
Taiwan
Branch
Maxi.Tsai@ul.com
Wearables@ul.com
ul.com/Wearables
© 2014 UL LLC

2. ul.com/Wearables

3. “…IDC
expects
the
worldwide
wearables
market
to
grow
to
around
112
million
units
by
2018.,
resulting
in
a
CAGR
78.5%.
…20
million
units
shipped
thru.
2014.”
*IT
research
agency,
International
Data
Corporation
(IDC)

4. Smart
Watches
Landscape
4
Samsung
Emerging
Tizen
for
Wearable
Samsung
Samsung
Google
Android
Android
Wear
Motorolla,
Samsung,
Asus,
LG…
Qualcomm,
Mediatek,
Intel…
Apple
iOS
iOS/SDK
Apple
Apple
Others
Emerging
Proprietary
OS/SDK
In-­‐house/
Contract
Mfr.
Multiple
Eco-­‐
system
OS/SDK
OEMs
Chipsets/
Design

5. What’s
your
first
wearables?

6. Smart
Diapers

7. Wearables
are
changing
our
life

8. Wearable technology? Wearable device? Wearables?
“Electronics
or
sensors
are
incorporated
into
clothing
and
accessories
which
can
comfortably
be
worn.”
http://www.thesocialstandard.net/business/wearable-­‐
technology-­‐fad-­‐or-­‐the-­‐future/

9. CHASM
2.5%
13.5%
34%
34%
16%
Customers
want
technology
&
performance
Customers
want
solutions
&
convenience
Critical
Mass
Relative
%
of
customers
Time
Wearable
Devices
Smart
Phones
Mobile
Phones
Technology
Adoption
Life-­‐Cycle

10. 3
x
Big
Mac
=
1
Fitness
Wristband
$
7.99
• Baidu
announced
its
open
source
bracelet
with
complete
hardware
and
software
solution,
which
BOM
(bill
of
materials)
cost
can
be
as
low
as
$
8.
2014.08
http://wearable.ofweek.com/2014-­‐08/
ART-­‐8110-­‐5004-­‐28871505.html

11. 2
Factors
…………..…..get
your
product
in
the
playfield

13. What
makes
your
product
stands
out
of
the
crowd

14. 3
Keys
…………...make
your
product
differentiation

15. Regulatory
&
Market
Entry
Quality
&
Performance
User
eXperience

16. Regulatory
&
Market
Entry
• Wearables
typically
include
some
or
all
of
the
following
component
technologies:
§ Microprocessors
§ Radios
§ Batteries
§ Battery
Chargers
§ Sensors
§ Displays
§ Chemicals
(plastics,
fabrics,
etc.)
§ …

17. UL
can
be
of
your
assistance…
• How
to
get
there?
• Identify
existing
standards
for
various
considerations
- Work
within
existing
regulations
and
standards
now
• Identify
where
additional
standards
or
International
standards
would
be
helpful
- Develop
new
standards
as
appropriate
to
facilitate
market
access
and
acceptance
• UL
is
involved
in
domestic
and
international
standards
development
in
many
areas
–
we
are
a
‘Standards
Development
Organization’
and
participate
with
others
in
the
development
of
their
standards
as
well
–
we
can
help
with
this
process.

18. According
to
UL
2013
Product
Mindset…
http://productmindset.ul.com/

19. Quality
&
Performance
• UL
Mark
is
a
tool
to
build
your
brand
and
stand
out
of
competition.
• Functionality
and
usability
test
• Durability
and
life
cycle
test
• Temperature
rise
test
• Critical
parts
review
• Physical
constructions
review
• Label
and
mark
review
• Benchmark
and
Comparison
Testing
• Packaging
testing
• …

20. Proper
Material
Selection
&
Design
“…the
result
of
galvanic
corrosion
caused
when
sweat
mixes
with
a
running
electrical
current
between
two
metals….”
“…skin
sensitivity
to
the
device's
stainless
steel,
which
contains
nickel…
”…reactions
to
bacteria
that
can
accumulate
in
wristbands,
or
a
sensitivity
to
the
material
of
the
band
elastomer…”

21. www.ul-­‐mdt.com
Non-­‐Clinical
Testing
for
Wearables
• Biocompatibility
testing
• ISO
10993,
USP,
MHLW
• Materials
Characterization
• Microbiological
testing
• Virological
testing
• Cleaning,
Reprocessing,
Sterilization
• Physico-­‐Chemical
analysis
• Shelf
Life
of
devices
and
packages
• Transport
safety
• Testing
of
Ophthalmic
devices

22. User
eXperience
–
Usability
Evaluation
&
Testing
“Ultimately,
manufacturers
must
validate
that
the
product’s
users
can
employ
the
device
safely
and
effectively
in
the
intended
use
environments”
“If
you
can’t
get
to
a
tool
within
two
seconds,
your
use
of
it
goes
down
exponentially.”
~
Robert
B.
Miller,
Georgia
Tech.
Professor,
IBM
psychologist,
1968.
~
Safety
and
Human
Factors
Engineering
in
Medical
Device
Design,
UL,
2014.

23. Human
Factors
Engineering
(HFE)
UL
supports
your
product
development
efforts:
• Perform
required
HFE
studies
leading
to
devices
that
are
safe
to
use
and
deliver
a
better
user
experience.
• Lead
or
assist
in
the
design
of
user
interfaces,
including
hardware,
software,
labeling,
warnings,
packaging,
and
user
documentation.
UL
assesses
your
product’s
interactive
quality:
• Conduct
a
validation
usability
tests
according
to
best
practice.
• Assess
overall
conformance
with
FDA’s
HFE
guidance
and
the
requirements
set
forth
in
IEC
62366:2007
(usability).
http://www.wiklundrd.com/services.html

24. The
upcoming
wearables…

25. Use-­‐case
Scenario:
“Wearing
the
suit
all
day
long”
What
if
the
suit
run
too
hot?
Skin
irritation?
Radiation
hazard
to
my
eyes?
Ears?
Would
it
work
with
my
devices?
Monitoring
my
vital
signal?
Easy
to
use?
Will
it
interfere
my
other
stuff?
Can
I
wear
it
to
pay
a
cup
of
café?
Is
the
line
secured?
Is
it
safe?

26. Common
Features
in
Wearables
APPLICATION
ALGORITHMS
SENSOR
CONTROL
FIRMWARE
MEMORY
USB
I/O
PROCESSOR
BLUE-­‐
TOOTH
Wi-­‐Fi
CELLULAR
ZigBee
NFC
Connectivity
ECG
SKIN
TEMP
OXYMETRY
MUSCLE
STRAIN
BREATHING
RATE/
VOLUMN
EEG
OPTICAL
SENSOR
Vital
Signal
Environment
CO
GYRO
ACCEL
PRESSUR
AMBIENT
TEMP
COMPASS
Activity
Tracker
HUMIDITY
E
UV
SENSOR
LIGHT/
SOUND
SENSOR

27. The
Wearables
World
Map
http://www.pakistantribe.com/wp-­‐content/uploads/2014/05/map-­‐119.jpg

28. Radio Communications

29. What
is
an
unlicensed
frequency
band?
In
most
countries
the
frequency
spectrum
is
divided
up
and
allocated
for
use
as:
• Unlicensed
frequency
bands
• Licensed
frequency
bands
29

30. Overview
of
Unlicensed
Transmitters/
Low
Power
Transmitter
Devices
Service
Line
• Regulatory
Testing
• Proprietary
Testing
• EMC
Testing
• Safety
Testing
30

31. Technical
Landscape
• Examples
of
testing
UL
supports
include:
• WiFi
to
IEEE
802.11
• Bluetooth®
to
IEEE
802.15.1
• NFC
to
ISO
14443
• RFID
to
ISO
14443
• And
many
others…!
31

32. What
is
a
Licensed
Transmitter?
• In
a
typical
phone
call
you
use:
32
• A
Public
Airwave
(Licensed)
Private
Airwave
(Unlicensed)
Client
device
that
talks
to
Base
station
over
public
airwaves.
• Public
airwaves
that
are
regulated
by
FCC.

33. Any problems with other devices?

34. Why
do
we
need
to
test
it?
• FCC
requires
that
client
devices
utilizing
public
airwaves
must
not
interfere
with
other
devices.
• Why?
For
public
safety!
34

35. UL
Services
• FCC
Radio
Testing
Part
22/24/27/90
under
Title
47
• IC
(Industry
Canada)
Radio
Testing
RSS
102/130/132/139/199
• ETSI
(EU/CE
Mark)
Radio
Testing
• ETSI
EN
301
489
series
• 3GPP
Testing
35

36. Overview
of
Licensed
Transmitter
Certification
36
TECHNOLOGY
GSM:
850,
900,
1800,
1900
MHz
UMTS:
850,
900,
1700/2100,
1900,
2100
MHz
Data:
HSDPA+
(4G)
42.2
Mbit/s,
HSUPA
5.76
Mbit/s,
UMTS,
EDGE,
GPRS
• Based
on
technology
&
frequency
supported
by
the
device,
certain
rules
and
parts
apply.
• 850
=
850MHz
Part
22
(FCC)
RS132
(IC)
• GSM/GPRS/EDGE
(2G),
UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPDA
(3G),
LTE/HSDPA+
(4G)
• 2G/3G/4G
all
require
individual
testing
despite
the
same
frequency
band

37. Regulatory
Environment
37
• FCC
• Part
22
–
850MHz
(2G/3G/4G/CDMA)
• Part
24
–
1900MHz
(2G/3G/4G/CDMA)
• Part
27
–
700/1700/2600MHz
(2G/3G/4G)
• Part
90
–
770/806~824MHz
(LTE/CDMA)
• IC
• RSS
102
–
Generic
Radio
• RSS
130
–
700/770MHz
(2G/3G/4G)
• RSS
132
–
850MHz
(2G/3G/4G)
• RSS
139
–
1700MHz
(2G/3G/4G)
• RSS
199
–
2600MHz
(2G/3G/4G)
• ETSI
• ETSI
EN
301
489
series
• 3GPP
RF
Testing

38. Wireless
Connectivity
Evaluation

39. 39

40. Overview
of
OTA
Service
Line
• OTA
stands
for
Over-­‐the-­‐Air
1. Antenna
Pattern
Measurements
–
Antenna
Only
2. Overall
Performance
measurement
on
an
end
product
like
cell
phone
• >And
anything
between
these
two<
40

41. Overview
Antenna
Pattern
Passive
and
Active
–
2D
or
3D
• Antenna
Pattern
Measurements
41
2D Pattern 3D Pattern

42. Overview
of
Antenna
Pattern
• Antenna
Pattern
provides
• Gain,
Efficiency,
Patterns
• Other
valuable
information
about
Antenna
and
a
wireless
system
• Design
Engineers
use
this
info
to
develop
high
performance
Wireless
systems
• Gain
Information
required
by
FCC
42

43. Technical
Landscape
43
P
Your
cell
phone
can
not
make
connection
from
where
you
are
right
now
How
about
Now?
Can
you
hear
me
now?
Poor
cellular
reception
Dropped
calls
Whom
to
blame
–
Handset
or
Cellular
Network?

44. Antenna
Pattern
Measurements
44

45. Overview
of
OTA
Service
Line
• To
address
network
capacity
issues
and
mitigate
poor
cellular
performance,
the
CTIA
and
PTCRB
have
developed
a
Certification
Test
Plan
for
a
Wireless
Device’s
Over-­‐the-­‐Air
Performance
• And
the
GCF
has
similar
requirements…
CTIA
=
formerly
Cellular
Telecommunications
Industry
Association
and
then
Cellular
Telecommunications
and
Internet
Association
and
now
CTIA
–
The
Wireless
Association
PTCRB
=
formerly
PCS
(personal
communication
system)
Type
Certification
Review
Board
and
now
just
PTCRB
GCF
=
Global
Certification
Forum
–
interoperability/performance
concerns
45

46. 46
Cellular
aGPS
2.4GHz
Wi-­‐Fi
5GHz
LTE
CDMA
UMTS
GSM
LTE
CDMA
Family
UMTS
GSM
Family
Wireless
Test
Protocols
Test
Protocols

47. Regulatory
Environment
• Not
Federal
or
regulatory
• Enforced
by
the
carriers
• In
NA
Non-­‐CTIA/PTCRB
certified
devices
may
be
blocked
by
PTCRB
Operators
• More
info:
www.CTIA.org
You must get PTCRB cert if
you want to put your device
on my Network
47

48. Would
RF
energy
be
a
problem
to
me?

49. Introduction
• What
is
Specific
Absorption
Rate
(SAR)?
• The
SAR
is
a
measure
of
the
rate
that
RF
energy
is
absorbed
by
the
head
or
body
from
the
source
being
measured
from
wireless
devices.
49

50. Introduction
• Why
Test
SAR?
• Health
concerns
-­‐
There
are
potential
risks
of
exposure
to
RF
energy
50

51. Introduction
51
How Do We Test SAR?

52. Introduction
52
How Do We Test SAR?
SAM Twin Phantom
Body-worn Setup Photos
Front Rear
Head Setup Photos
Right Touch Right Tilt (15°)

53. Introduction
53
How Do We Test SAR?
Flat Phantom
Tablet - Setup Photos
Laptop - Setup Photo

54. Overview
of
SAR
Service
Line
54
54
§ FCC
SAR
Testing
• 47
CFR
Parts
1
&
2
• FCC
KDB
Publications
• IEEE
Std
1528
(Measurement
Techniques)
• IEEE
C95.3
(SAR
limit:1.6
W/kg
1g)
§ IC
(Industrial
Canada)
SAR
Testing
• RSS-­‐102
with
reference
to
IEEE
Std
1528,
IEC
62209-­‐2
and
or
IEC
62209-­‐2
• Specific
FCC
KDB
Publications
§ EU
(European
Union)
SAR
Testing
• IEC
62209-­‐1
and
or
IEC
62209-­‐2
• IEEE
Std
1528
• ICNIRP
Guidelines
(SAR
Limit:
2.0
W/kg
10g)

55. Technical
Landscape
55
Frequency
range
of
300
MHz
to
6
GHz
• LTE:
Additional
Service
Portable
Devices
Wireless
Technologies
700–2600
MHz
SAR HAC
Extension
• W-­‐CDMA:
800-­‐2100
MHz
• CDMA
2000:
800-­‐1900
MHz
• GSM:
800-­‐1900
MHz
• Wi-­‐Fi:
2.4
GHz
/
5
GHz
• Bluetooth:
2.4
GHz

56. Regulatory
Environment
§ FCC
(Federal
Communications
Commission)
• 47
CFR
Part
1
and
Part
2
• KDB
Publications
(Product,
Wireless,
Test
methodology
and
Equipment
approval
policy
related)
§ IC:
Industry
Canada
• RSS-­‐102
§ IEC
(International
Electro-­‐technical
Commission)
• IEC
62209-­‐1
(Head
SAR
Test
Procedure)
• IEC
62209-­‐2
(Body
SAR
Test
Procedure)
§ AU
(Australian
Government
ComLaw)
• F2011C00165:
Radio
communications
(Electromagnetic
Radiation
-­‐
Human
Exposure)
Standard
2003
56

57. One
more
thing…

58. The portal to wearables:: ul.com/wearables
wearables@ul.com

59. Thank you, let’s take a break…

60. UL:: 3D Printing www.ul.com/additivemanufacturing

61. UL:: eHealth/mHealth

62. UL:: Environment http://industries.ul.com/environment/

63. UL Prospector:: Speed your innovation
http://www.ides.com/

64. Webinar:: Skin Irritation and Wearable Material
http://www.ides.com/webinars/2014/skin-­‐
irritation-­‐wearables.asp

65. Thank you

66. Appendices

67. ü Energy
efficiency
testing
and
certification
ü Product
performance
testing
ü Product
reliability
testing
ü Chemical
testing
ü Product
inspections
and
factory
audits
Hi-Tech
Product
Expertise
Capabilities

68. Hi-Tech
Energy
efficiency
testing
and
certification
Capabilities
• Broad
Range
International
Standards:
• ENERGY
STAR®
• Natural
Resources
Canada
(NRCan)
• California
Energy®
Commission
(CEC)
• Department
of
Energy
(DOE)
• Mexican
CONUEE
• EcoDesign
Directive
(Europe
ErP
Directive)
• Minimum
Energy
Performance
Standards
(Australasia
MEPS)

69. Product
performance
testing
Full
range
testing:
• Functionality
Hi-Tech
and
usability
test
• Durability
and
life
cycle
test
• Temperature
rise
test
• Critical
parts
review
• Physical
constructions
review
• Label
and
mark
review
• Benchmark
and
Comparison
Testing
• Packaging
testing
Capabilities

70. Hi-Tech
Product
reliability
testing
Capabilities
Major
testing:
• Reliability
tests
–
subject
products
to
simulated
conditions
• Extreme
conditions
tests
–
subject
products
to
extreme
conditions
• Life-­‐cycle
tests
–
subject
products
to
a
defined
period
of
use
Product
Conditions
• Climatic
conditions
• Dynamic
conditions
• Packaging
effectiveness
From
initial
design
through
prototyping
and
into
final
production.

71. Hi-Tech
Chemical
testing:
• RoHS
• REACH
• PAHs
• Food
Contacts
Articles
• Mercury,
Cadmium
&
Lead
Content
• Heavy
Metals
in
Packaging
• Nickel
Release
• More
others
Chemical
testing
Capabilities

72. Hi-Tech
PLruogdguactg
ien spections
and
factory
audits
Capabilities
Inspection
and
Audit:
• First
article
inspection
• During-­‐production,
final
random/
pre-­‐shipment
• Loading
supervision
• Product
construction
inspection
• QMS
audit
(Quality
management
system
audit)
• Supplier
audit

73. Global Approvals
EMC:
• Conducted
&
radiated
emissions
• Conducted
&
radiated
susceptibility
• Electrostatic
discharge
• Electrical
fast
transients
and
surges
• Interference
from
AC
mains
harmonics
&
flicker
• Vehicular
emissions
and
immunity
EMC
Capabilities

74. Global Approvals
Interoperability:
• Wifi
Alliance
testing
• Bluetooth
• Qi
charging
• Qualcomm
QuickCharge
2.0
• Near
field
communication
(NFC)
• Hearing
aid
compatibility
(HAC)
Interoperability
testing
Capabilities

75. Global Approvals
Wireless
testing
and
certification
Capabilities
Wireless:
• Over
the
Air
(OTA)
–
mobile
phone
/
device
network
testing
• SIM
card
simulation
and
test
• Cellular
Phone
-­‐
• 2G
(GSM),
• 3G
(GPRS,
CDMA
2000,
UTMS
)
• 4G
(LTE)
• Global
bandwidth
and
spectrum
testing
• Microwave
&
fixed
radio
systems

76. Global Approvals
Wireless
testing
and
certification
Capabilities
Wireless:
• Specific
Absorption
test
(electromagnetic
safety)
–
SAR
for
handheld/
near
body
/
portable
devices
• WLAN,
BT
,
SRD,
RFID,
UWB,
,
WHDMI,
WiGig,
Amateur/Pro
Radio
device
• Unlicensed
radio
frequency
device
(~10GHz)
• Unlicensed
radio
frequency
device
(10GHz~)
• Licensed
radio
frequency
device
• EMF,
Antenna,
• Continua
(Medical
E
and
M
health)

77. Global Approvals
Certification
and
Regulatory
Capabilities
Regulatory
• R&TTE
Notified
Bodies
(for
EU
market)
• 0889
&
0984
• FCC
–
TCB
(For
USA
market)
• IC
(Industry
Canada)
• Japan
Radio
Law
• Singapore
–
IDA
• Wireless
Global
Market
Access

78. Hi-tech
Safety
testing
Product and component certification for safety, performance
Testing
compliance
to
:
• Facilitate
local
and
Global
Market
Access
• UL
Listed
and
Recognized
marks
for
US
and
Canada
• IECEE
CB
Scheme
test
labs
–
CB
Reports
and
certificates
–
testing
to
IEC
standards
• EN
letter
reports
–
testing
to
EN
standard