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Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
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Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
The Square-Root Method
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
The Square-Root Method
Use the square-root method if there is no x-term.
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
The Square-Root Method
Use the square-root method if there is no x-term.
I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d.
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
The Square-Root Method
Use the square-root method if there is no x-term.
I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d.
II. Then x = ±d are the roots.
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
The Square-Root Method
Use the square-root method if there is no x-term.
I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d.
II. Then x = ±d are the roots.
Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
The Square-Root Method
Use the square-root method if there is no x-term.
I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d.
II. Then x = ±d are the roots.
Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0
3x2 – 7 = 0 solve for x2
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
The Square-Root Method
Use the square-root method if there is no x-term.
I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d.
II. Then x = ±d are the roots.
Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0
3x2 – 7 = 0 solve for x2
3x2 = 7
x2 = 7
3
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
The Square-Root Method
Use the square-root method if there is no x-term.
I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d.
II. Then x = ±d are the roots.
Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0
3x2 – 7 = 0 solve for x2
3x2 = 7
x2 = take square root
x = ±7/3
7
3
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
The Square-Root Method
Use the square-root method if there is no x-term.
I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d
II. Then x = ±d are the roots.
Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0
3x2 – 7 = 0 solve for x2
3x2 = 7
x2 = take square root
x = ±7/3  ±1.53
7
3
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
The Square-Root Method
Use the square-root method if there is no x-term.
I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d
II. Then x = ±d are the roots.
Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0
3x2 – 7 = 0 solve for x2
3x2 = 7
x2 = take square root
x = ±7/3  ±1.53
7
3
exact answers
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
The Square-Root Method
Use the square-root method if there is no x-term.
I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d
II. Then x = ±d are the roots.
Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0
3x2 – 7 = 0 solve for x2
3x2 = 7
x2 = take square root
x = ±7/3  ±1.53
7
3
exact answers
approx. answers
To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0:
1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable?
Solve it by factoring if it is.
a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable?
Solve it by factoring if it is.
a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c =8
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable?
Solve it by factoring if it is.
a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c =8
so b2 – 4ac
= (–2)2 – 4(3)(8)
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable?
Solve it by factoring if it is.
a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c =8
so b2 – 4ac
= (–2)2 – 4(3)(8)
= 4 – 96 = –92
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable?
Solve it by factoring if it is.
a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c =8
so b2 – 4ac
= (–2)2 – 4(3)(8)
= 4 – 96 = –92
Not a perfect square
so it's not factorable
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable?
Solve it by factoring if it is.
a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c =8
so b2 – 4ac
= (–2)2 – 4(3)(8)
= 4 – 96 = –92
Not a perfect square
so it's not factorable
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c = –8
Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable?
Solve it by factoring if it is.
a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c =8
so b2 – 4ac
= (–2)2 – 4(3)(8)
= 4 – 96 = –92
Not a perfect square
so it's not factorable
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c = –8
b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(-8)
Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable?
Solve it by factoring if it is.
a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c =8
so b2 – 4ac
= (–2)2 – 4(3)(8)
= 4 – 96 = –92
Not a perfect square
so it's not factorable
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c = –8
b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(-8)
= 4 + 96 = 100
Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable?
Solve it by factoring if it is.
a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c =8
so b2 – 4ac
= (–2)2 – 4(3)(8)
= 4 – 96 = –92
Not a perfect square
so it's not factorable
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c = –8
b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(-8)
= 4 + 96 = 100 = 102
Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable?
Solve it by factoring if it is.
a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c =8
so b2 – 4ac
= (–2)2 – 4(3)(8)
= 4 – 96 = –92
Not a perfect square
so it's not factorable
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c = –8
b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(-8)
= 4 + 96 = 100 = 102
So its factorable.
Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable?
Solve it by factoring if it is.
a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c =8
so b2 – 4ac
= (–2)2 – 4(3)(8)
= 4 – 96 = –92
Not a perfect square
so it's not factorable
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c = –8
b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(-8)
= 4 + 96 = 100 = 102
So its factorable.
3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
(3x + 4)(x – 2) = 0
Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable?
Solve it by factoring if it is.
a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c =8
so b2 – 4ac
= (–2)2 – 4(3)(8)
= 4 – 96 = –92
Not a perfect square
so it's not factorable
Factoring Method
Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0.
Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the
equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
a = 3, b = –2, c = –8
b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(-8)
= 4 + 96 = 100 = 102
So its factorable.
3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
(3x + 4)(x – 2) = 0
x = -4/3, x = 2
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value
indicates what type of roots there are.
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value
indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically,
if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots,
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value
indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically,
if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots,
if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value
indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically,
if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots,
if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value
indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically,
if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots,
if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28.
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value
indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically,
if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots,
if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Not factorable!
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value
indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically,
if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots,
if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Not factorable!
Use QF, we get
x = – (–2) ±  28
2(3)
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value
indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically,
if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots,
if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Not factorable!
Use QF, we get
x = – (–2) ±  28
2(3)
=
2 ±  28
6
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value
indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically,
if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots,
if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Not factorable!
Use QF, we get
x = – (–2) ±  28
2(3)
=
2 ±  28
6
=
2 ± 27
6
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value
indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically,
if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots,
if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Not factorable!
Use QF, we get
x = – (–2) ±  28
2(3)
=
2 ±  28
6
=
2 ± 27
6
=
1 ± 7
3
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value
indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically,
if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots,
if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
–b± b2 – 4ac
2a
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Not factorable!
Use QF, we get
x = – (–2) ±  28
2(3)
=
2 ±  28
6
=
2 ± 27
6
=
1 ± 7
3
 {1.22
–0.549
Use the quadratic formula (QF)
The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are
x =
b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value
indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically,
if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots,
if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
To check if it is factorable;
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2)
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20,
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20,
–20 is not a real number, so there is no real solution.
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20,
–20 is not a real number, so there is no real solution.
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
x =
2 ± –20
6
The complex solutions are
Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20,
–20 is not a real number, so there is no real solution.
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
x =
2 ± –20
6 =
2 ± 2–5
6
The complex solutions are
Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20,
–20 is not a real number, so there is no real solution.
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
x =
2 ± –20
6 =
2 ± 2–5
6 =
2(1 ± i5)
6
The complex solutions are
Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20,
–20 is not a real number, so there is no real solution.
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
x =
2 ± –20
6 =
2 ± 2–5
6 =
2(1 ± i5)
6 =
1 ± i5
3
The complex solutions are
Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2
So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20,
–20 is not a real number, so there is no real solution.
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
x =
2 ± –20
6 =
2 ± 2–5
6 =
2(1 ± i5)
6 =
1 ± i5
3
The complex solutions are
1st and 2nd degree equations are the most important equations
in science and now we know how to solve all of them efficiently.
Applications of higher degree equations are more specialized
and in general we solve them using computers.
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
1. 3x2 – 12 = 0
Exercise A. Solve. Use the square root methods.
Give both the exact answers and the numerical answers.
If the answer is not real, state so.
2. 3x2 – 15 = 0 3. 3x2 + 15 = 0
4. x2 – 3 = –x2 + 15 5. –6 = 4x2 – 15 6. (x – 2)2 = 2
7. 4 = (2x – 3)2
Exercise B. Solve by factoring and by the quadratic formula.
14. x2 – 3x = 10 15. x(x – 2) = 24 16. 2x2 = 3(x + 1) – 1
8. x2 – 3x = 4 9. x – 15 = 2x 10. x2 + 5x + 12 = 0
11. –x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 12. 9 – 3x – 2x2 = 0 13. 2x2 – x – 1 = 0
Exercise C. Solve by the quadratic formula.
17. x2 – x + 1 = 0 18. x2 – x – 1 = 0
19. x2 – 3x – 2 = 0 20. x2 – 2x + 3 = 0
If the answers are not real numbers, state so.
21. 2x2 – 3x – 1 = 0 22. 3x2 = 2x + 3
Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
Exercise C. Solve by the quadratic formula.
If the answers are not real numbers, state so.
23. 2(x2 – 1) + x = 4 24. (x – 1)(x + 1) = 2x(x + 2)
25.
(x – 1)
(x + 2)
=
2x
(x + 2)
26.
(x + 1)
(x + 2)
=
(x + 2)
(2x + 1)
1
Ф 1 – Ф
1 – Ф
Ф1
Ф =
27. Cut a stick of unit length (1) into two parts in a manner
such that “the ratio of the whole to the large part is the same
as the ratio of the large part to the small part”
In picture,
the golden ratio Ф (phi) is the ratio 1 : Ф. Find the exact and
approximate value of Ф. (Google “golden ratio” )

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5 2 solving 2nd degree equations

  • 1. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Back to 123b homepage
  • 2. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing.
  • 3. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials.
  • 4. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials. 3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
  • 5. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 The Square-Root Method To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials. 3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
  • 6. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 The Square-Root Method Use the square-root method if there is no x-term. To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials. 3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
  • 7. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 The Square-Root Method Use the square-root method if there is no x-term. I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d. To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials. 3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
  • 8. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 The Square-Root Method Use the square-root method if there is no x-term. I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d. II. Then x = ±d are the roots. To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials. 3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
  • 9. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 The Square-Root Method Use the square-root method if there is no x-term. I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d. II. Then x = ±d are the roots. Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0 To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials. 3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
  • 10. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 The Square-Root Method Use the square-root method if there is no x-term. I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d. II. Then x = ±d are the roots. Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0 3x2 – 7 = 0 solve for x2 To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials. 3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
  • 11. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 The Square-Root Method Use the square-root method if there is no x-term. I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d. II. Then x = ±d are the roots. Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0 3x2 – 7 = 0 solve for x2 3x2 = 7 x2 = 7 3 To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials. 3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
  • 12. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 The Square-Root Method Use the square-root method if there is no x-term. I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d. II. Then x = ±d are the roots. Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0 3x2 – 7 = 0 solve for x2 3x2 = 7 x2 = take square root x = ±7/3 7 3 To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials. 3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
  • 13. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 The Square-Root Method Use the square-root method if there is no x-term. I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d II. Then x = ±d are the roots. Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0 3x2 – 7 = 0 solve for x2 3x2 = 7 x2 = take square root x = ±7/3  ±1.53 7 3 To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials. 3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
  • 14. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 The Square-Root Method Use the square-root method if there is no x-term. I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d II. Then x = ±d are the roots. Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0 3x2 – 7 = 0 solve for x2 3x2 = 7 x2 = take square root x = ±7/3  ±1.53 7 3 exact answers To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials. 3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
  • 15. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 The Square-Root Method Use the square-root method if there is no x-term. I. Solve for the x2 and get the form x2 = d II. Then x = ±d are the roots. Example A. Solve 3x2 – 7 = 0 3x2 – 7 = 0 solve for x2 3x2 = 7 x2 = take square root x = ±7/3  ±1.53 7 3 exact answers approx. answers To solve ax2 + bx + c = 0: 1st: Use the square-root method if the x-term is missing. 2nd: Try factoring it into two binomials. 3rd: Use the quadratic formula (QF).
  • 16. Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
  • 17. Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
  • 18. Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable? Solve it by factoring if it is. a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
  • 19. Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable? Solve it by factoring if it is. a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c =8 Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
  • 20. Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable? Solve it by factoring if it is. a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c =8 so b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(8) Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
  • 21. Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable? Solve it by factoring if it is. a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c =8 so b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(8) = 4 – 96 = –92 Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
  • 22. Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable? Solve it by factoring if it is. a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c =8 so b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(8) = 4 – 96 = –92 Not a perfect square so it's not factorable Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
  • 23. Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable? Solve it by factoring if it is. a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c =8 so b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(8) = 4 – 96 = –92 Not a perfect square so it's not factorable Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c = –8
  • 24. Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable? Solve it by factoring if it is. a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c =8 so b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(8) = 4 – 96 = –92 Not a perfect square so it's not factorable Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c = –8 b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(-8)
  • 25. Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable? Solve it by factoring if it is. a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c =8 so b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(8) = 4 – 96 = –92 Not a perfect square so it's not factorable Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c = –8 b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(-8) = 4 + 96 = 100
  • 26. Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable? Solve it by factoring if it is. a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c =8 so b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(8) = 4 – 96 = –92 Not a perfect square so it's not factorable Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c = –8 b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(-8) = 4 + 96 = 100 = 102
  • 27. Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable? Solve it by factoring if it is. a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c =8 so b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(8) = 4 – 96 = –92 Not a perfect square so it's not factorable Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c = –8 b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(-8) = 4 + 96 = 100 = 102 So its factorable.
  • 28. Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable? Solve it by factoring if it is. a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c =8 so b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(8) = 4 – 96 = –92 Not a perfect square so it's not factorable Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c = –8 b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(-8) = 4 + 96 = 100 = 102 So its factorable. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0 (3x + 4)(x – 2) = 0
  • 29. Example B. Which of the following equations is factorable? Solve it by factoring if it is. a. 3x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c =8 so b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(8) = 4 – 96 = –92 Not a perfect square so it's not factorable Factoring Method Factor the equation into the form (#x + #)(#x + #) = 0. Hint: Find b2 – 4ac, if it is not a perfect square then the equation is not factorable. (perfect squares: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16,…) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 b. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0 a = 3, b = –2, c = –8 b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(-8) = 4 + 96 = 100 = 102 So its factorable. 3x2 – 2x – 8 = 0 (3x + 4)(x – 2) = 0 x = -4/3, x = 2
  • 30. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Use the quadratic formula (QF)
  • 31. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x =
  • 32. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x = b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value indicates what type of roots there are.
  • 33. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x = b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically, if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots,
  • 34. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x = b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically, if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots, if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
  • 35. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x = b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically, if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots, if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
  • 36. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2 Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x = b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically, if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots, if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
  • 37. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x = b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically, if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots, if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
  • 38. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Not factorable! Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x = b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically, if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots, if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
  • 39. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Not factorable! Use QF, we get x = – (–2) ±  28 2(3) Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x = b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically, if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots, if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
  • 40. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Not factorable! Use QF, we get x = – (–2) ±  28 2(3) = 2 ±  28 6 Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x = b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically, if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots, if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
  • 41. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Not factorable! Use QF, we get x = – (–2) ±  28 2(3) = 2 ±  28 6 = 2 ± 27 6 Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x = b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically, if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots, if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
  • 42. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Not factorable! Use QF, we get x = – (–2) ±  28 2(3) = 2 ±  28 6 = 2 ± 27 6 = 1 ± 7 3 Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x = b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically, if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots, if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
  • 43. –b± b2 – 4ac 2a Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Example C. Solve 3x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 Check if it is factorable: a = 3, b = –2, c = –2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(–2) = 28. Not factorable! Use QF, we get x = – (–2) ±  28 2(3) = 2 ±  28 6 = 2 ± 27 6 = 1 ± 7 3  {1.22 –0.549 Use the quadratic formula (QF) The roots for the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are x = b2 – 4ac is called the discriminant because its value indicates what type of roots there are. Specifically, if b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, we have fractional roots, if b2 – 4ac < 0 there is no real roots.
  • 44. Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0 Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
  • 45. Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0 To check if it is factorable; Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
  • 46. Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0 To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
  • 47. Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0 To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20, Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
  • 48. Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0 To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20, –20 is not a real number, so there is no real solution. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0
  • 49. Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0 To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20, –20 is not a real number, so there is no real solution. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 x = 2 ± –20 6 The complex solutions are
  • 50. Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0 To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20, –20 is not a real number, so there is no real solution. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 x = 2 ± –20 6 = 2 ± 2–5 6 The complex solutions are
  • 51. Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0 To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20, –20 is not a real number, so there is no real solution. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 x = 2 ± –20 6 = 2 ± 2–5 6 = 2(1 ± i5) 6 The complex solutions are
  • 52. Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0 To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20, –20 is not a real number, so there is no real solution. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 x = 2 ± –20 6 = 2 ± 2–5 6 = 2(1 ± i5) 6 = 1 ± i5 3 The complex solutions are
  • 53. Example D. Solve 3x2 – 2x + 2 = 0 To check if it is factorable; a = 3, b = -2, c = -2 So b2 – 4ac = (–2)2 – 4(3)(2) = –20, –20 is not a real number, so there is no real solution. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 x = 2 ± –20 6 = 2 ± 2–5 6 = 2(1 ± i5) 6 = 1 ± i5 3 The complex solutions are 1st and 2nd degree equations are the most important equations in science and now we know how to solve all of them efficiently. Applications of higher degree equations are more specialized and in general we solve them using computers.
  • 54. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 1. 3x2 – 12 = 0 Exercise A. Solve. Use the square root methods. Give both the exact answers and the numerical answers. If the answer is not real, state so. 2. 3x2 – 15 = 0 3. 3x2 + 15 = 0 4. x2 – 3 = –x2 + 15 5. –6 = 4x2 – 15 6. (x – 2)2 = 2 7. 4 = (2x – 3)2 Exercise B. Solve by factoring and by the quadratic formula. 14. x2 – 3x = 10 15. x(x – 2) = 24 16. 2x2 = 3(x + 1) – 1 8. x2 – 3x = 4 9. x – 15 = 2x 10. x2 + 5x + 12 = 0 11. –x2 – 2x + 8 = 0 12. 9 – 3x – 2x2 = 0 13. 2x2 – x – 1 = 0 Exercise C. Solve by the quadratic formula. 17. x2 – x + 1 = 0 18. x2 – x – 1 = 0 19. x2 – 3x – 2 = 0 20. x2 – 2x + 3 = 0 If the answers are not real numbers, state so. 21. 2x2 – 3x – 1 = 0 22. 3x2 = 2x + 3
  • 55. Solving 2nd Degree Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 Exercise C. Solve by the quadratic formula. If the answers are not real numbers, state so. 23. 2(x2 – 1) + x = 4 24. (x – 1)(x + 1) = 2x(x + 2) 25. (x – 1) (x + 2) = 2x (x + 2) 26. (x + 1) (x + 2) = (x + 2) (2x + 1) 1 Ф 1 – Ф 1 – Ф Ф1 Ф = 27. Cut a stick of unit length (1) into two parts in a manner such that “the ratio of the whole to the large part is the same as the ratio of the large part to the small part” In picture, the golden ratio Ф (phi) is the ratio 1 : Ф. Find the exact and approximate value of Ф. (Google “golden ratio” )