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1. Qualitative and descriptive research
Qualitative Descriptive
S  Both qualitative and descriptive research  Both qualitative and descriptive research
I are concerned with providing descriptions are concerned with providing descriptions
M T of phenomena that occur naturally, of phenomena that occur naturally, without
I I without the intervention of an experiment the intervention of an experiment or an
L E or an artificially contrived treatment. artificially contrived treatment.
A S
R
 Qualitative research is primary research.  Descriptive research is primary research.
I  Occur in a natural environment.  Occur in a natural environment.
 Consider nature environment a difficult  This approach concerns with describing
D context in which to conduct an SLA behaviour in a natural context, with no
I investigation because too many variables manipulation or little intrusion from the
must be controlled. researcher.
F
 Qualitative research is heuristic and no  Descriptive research can be heuristic or
F deductive. deductive.
E  Qualitative research narrows the focus of  Descriptive research as a type or category
the research progresses. or research refers to investigation which
R utilizes already existing data or non-
 Descriptive research as a type or
E category or research refers to experimental research with a preconceived
hypothesis.
N investigation which utilizes already
existing data or non-experimental  Descriptive research establishes research
C research with a preconceived hypothesis. questions or hypothesis. Descriptive
E research begins with a general question or
a specific issue.
S

2. Qualitative and descriptive research
Qualitative Descriptive
F  It is called hypothesis-generating  It is used to describe problems in S.L.A, it
E research because most of the information gives us pictures of factores involve in the
A comes from the context. S.L.A development.
T  We collect data as much as we can, this  We collect specific data using techniques,
U kind of data is called “raw data” from other researchs or from other
R observations
 We want to understand a behaviour
E  We give answer to a problem or question
based on our observations.
S based on information collected in our
observations.
 Descriptive research is analytic constituent.
P  Qualitative research is synthetic or Deductive
holistic. Heuristic
A  Begins with preconceived hypothesis and a
 Little or no manipulation of the research narrower scope of investigation.
R environment, and uses data collection
 High control.
procedures with low explicitness.
A
 Low control
M
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T
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R
S

3. Qualitative and descriptive research
Qualitative Descriptive
A
P
 this approach may consider nature a  this approach may be concerned with
P
R
difficult context in which to conduct an describing second language acquisition
O
investigation because too many variables behaviour in natural context, with no
A
must be controlled. manipulation or little intrusion from the
C researcher.
H
P  Observation: the observation is done in a  Case studies: when the investigator is
A field using different tools like interested in describing some aspects of
 Tape recording: This is a useful tool to do the SL performance. Consider studying
R a successful observation. individual performance will be more
A relevant.
 Manual transcription: the observation
must be transcript in order to have some  Group studies: A researcher may be
M interested in describing the various types of
observation results and find patterns in
E the information. motivation found in SL learner group.
T
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