2. What would you like to know? The beginning Tools Sailing Discoverers and new lands I Discoverers and new lands II Disvoverers and new lands III Conquerors I Conquerors II Inca Empire Inca Art Inca Religion The conquer of Peru Press here to go to the question chart
3. Why did people want to travel at the beginning? How did captains guide the ships mainly? 4 Who was the first European to see the Pacific Ocean? Which discoverer was born in Genoa , Italy, 1415? Which discoverer travelled to Florida? To find silver and wood To find a new silk and Species Route To have fun By shipping lines By perfect maps By the stars J:S: El Cano Magallanes Columbus Marco Polo Cabeza de Vaca Vasco de Gama Marco Polo J.S. El Cano Nuñez de Balboa
4. Who was the first man to circle the globe? Who sailed the Amazon river? When did Cusco join to New Castilla? Who founded the city of Lima Peru What does the word polytheist mean? Cabeza de Vaca Marco Polo Magallanes Orellana Hernan Cortés Diego de Almagro Hernán Cortés Mendez de Avilés Fco Pizarro people who believed in God people who believe in many gods people who don’t believe in God 1438 1541 1534
7. In the XVth Century, Columbus persuaded The Catholic King and Queen to support an expedition which would set off in search of a new route to The Indian Lands, so that they could get profit from the “Silk and Species Route” Back
8. Means of transport and life in the sea The journey could last several months, that is why the ships were provided with all kinds of food, such as animals, drinkable water, and goods to be bartered for silk or species, and even tools to repair the caravels. Back
9. SAILING The captains of the ships counted on few maps and tools to draw the shipping lines. They were guided mainly by the stars. Back
10. Discoverers and new lands Cabeza de Vaca Cristóbal Colón Magallanes Press on the picture to get more information Back
11. Discoverers and new lands Núñez de Balboa J. S. Elcano Orellana Press on the picture to get more information Back
12. Discoverers and new lands Marco Polo Vasco de Gama Press on the picture to get more information Back
14. Conquerors Diego de Almagro Frco. Pizarro Press on the picture to get more information Back
15. Inca Empire A city placed in the south of Peru. The history of the Imperial city goes back to the XI Century when Monco Capac, founded it.This Empire was the largest state-level society in the New World before the arrival of the Spaniards. It lasted 100 years 1438 to 1532. Back
16. Inca Art The Inca were expert architects who built stone walls. They also sculped pottery. The Inca built Machu Pichu fortress. They tried to escape from the Spanish conquest ( XV Century) Back
17. Religion The Inca were polytheists which means they believed in many different Gods.They built stone fortresses to prove the great dedication they felt to their gods. Back
18. Peru Conquest When Hayna died, his sons Huascar and Atahualpa fought to get the succession to the throne. On 15 th November 1532, Pizarro entered Cajamarca (Peru)where Atahualpa,who had put in prison his brother Huascar, lived. Pizarro judged and executed him. In 1534 Cusco was founded and joined to New Castilla Atahualpa Huáscar Pizarro
19. Peru Conquest Pizarro was honoured and given the title of Almagro Marquis and provincial governor of the New Toledo (Chile). Almagro , who was the governor of Cusco, and Pizarro struggled for the limits of their lands. Almagro was defeated and executed but his followers organized a conspiracy which ended in Pizarro´s assessination in Lima on June 26, 1541. Back
20. Magallanes Ferdinand Magellan, Explorer Born: c. 1480 Birthplace: Villa Real, Portugal Died: 27 April 1521 (Killed in battle) Best Known As: The first guy to circumnavigate the Earth Portuguese name: Fernao de Magalhaes Magellan was born in Portugal, but it was under the Spanish flag that he sailed in 1519 with the intention of reaching the Spice Islands by sailing west around South America. After much hardship he succeeded in reaching and then sailing across the Pacific Ocean. Soon thereafter he was killed while trying to subdue the natives on what is now the island of Mactan in the Philippines. After still more hardships, one of his original five ships, Victoria , eventually made it back to Spain. Though Magellan didn't complete the entire circumnavigation, as the expedition's leader he is usually credited with being the first man to circle the globe. Back
21. Colón Christopher Columbus was born in Genoa (1451) ,Italy. He was the oldest of five children in his family. His father was a wool weaver. He helped his father with the weaving, but he always wanted to sail the seas. He didn't get to go to school very much, but he learned to read and write Columbus did not become rich as he had hoped. At the end of his life he only had a pension the king and queen had given him because he was the first to reach the New World. He spent the last few months of his life in bed because of the pain of arthritis. He died in 1506. Columbus not only discovered a New World, but he led the way for other explorers. Back
22. Cabeza de Vaca Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca's account of an expedition to Florida was published in 1542 in Zamora and was entitled Naufragios (Shipwrecks) at its publication in Valladolid in 1555. Nunez was treasurer during the mission led by Panfilo de Narvaez, which took him and some 350 fellow travellers to Florida in 1527, to conquer and administer territories North of the Gulf of Mexico. May 1st, 1528, the expedition landed at Old Tampa Bay, Florida. This would mark the beginning of a disastrous expedition that would leave only four survivors, among whom Cabeza de Vaca, whose book is the account of that disastrous journey. Back
23. Menéndez de Avilés He was born on February 14, 1519 in Avilés Spain, he died in Santander on September 17, 1574. He was the first governor of Florida. He founded the city of St. Augustine in 1565 Back
24. Diego de Almagro Diego de Almagro ( 1475 – 1538 ), also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo (The Elder), was a Spanish conquistador and a companion and rival of Francisco Pizarro . Born in Aldea del Rey , one account states he was a foundling in the village from which he derived his name. He later lost his left eye battling with coastal natives in the New World . In 1525 he joined the Pizarro brothers and Hernando de Luque at Panama for the conquest of Peru . Back
25. Francisco Pizarro . Francisco Pizarro ( c. 1475 – June 26 , 1541 ) was a Spanish conquistador , conqueror of the Inca Empire and founder of the city of Lima , the modern-day capital of Peru . Francisco Pizarro Pizarro was born in 1471 (other sources may differ, 1475-1478, unknown) in Trujillo , ( Extremadura ), Spain . He was an illegitimate son of Gonzalo Pizarro (senior) who as colonel of infantry afterwards served in Italy under Gonsalvo de Cordova, and in Navarre , with some distinction. Francisco was the eldest brother of Gonzalo Pizarro (junior), Juan Pizarro , and Hernando Pizarro . He was also the second cousin of Hernán Cortés , the Conquistador of Mexico. Back
26. Núñez de Balboa Back Vasco Núñez de Balboa ( Jerez de los Caballeros , Spain ; 1475 - Acla , Panama ; January 15 , 1519 ) was an explorer, governor, and Spanish conquistador , and is known as the first European to see the Pacific Ocean as well as being the first European to found a permanent settlement on the new continent's mainland.
27. J. S. Elcano Ferdinand Magellan ( Portuguese : Fernão de Magalhães , IPA pronunciation : /fɨɾ'nɐ̃w̃ dɨ mɐɣɐ'ʎɐ̃j̃ʃ/; Spanish : Fernando or Hernando de Magallanes ; Spring 1480– April 27 , 1521 [1] ) was a Portuguese maritime explorer who led the first successful attempt to circumnavigate the Earth. He did not complete his final voyage; he was killed during the Battle of Mactan in the Philippines . He did, however, die further west than the Spice Islands , which he had visited on earlier voyages, making him one of the first individuals to cross all the meridians of the globe. He became the first person to lead an expedition sailing westward from Europe to Asia and to cross the Pacific Ocean . Of the 237 [2] or 270 [3] crew members who set out with Magellan to circumnavigate the globe, only 18 [2] [3] managed to return to Spain and thereby complete the circumnavigation. They were led by Spaniard Juan Sebastián Elcano , who took over command of the expedition after Magellan's death. Back
28. Orellana Francisco de Orellana (c. 1500 - c. 1549 ) was a Spanish explorer and conquistador . Orellana took part in the Spanish conquest of Peru with Francisco Pizarro , and was one of Gonzalo Pizarro 's lieutenants during Gonzalos's 1541 expedition east of Quito into the South American interior in search of El Dorado . In December 1541, at what is today the Napo River , Orellana's ship was separated from the main force. In one of the most improbably successful voyages in known history, Orellana managed to sail the length of the Amazon River , arriving at the river 's mouth in August 1542 . It was on this voyage that the Amazon got its name; Orellana wrote that he was attacked by fierce female warriors, but it is possible that he actually fought long haired male Amerindian warriors. Orellana died on a subsequent voyage down the Amazon. The present-day Ecuadorian province of Orellana was named after him. Back
29. Hernán Cortés Cortés was born in Medellín , in the province of Extremadura , in the Kingdom of Castile in Spain in 1485 . Hisfather, Martín Cortés de Monroy, was an infantry captain of distinguished ancestry but slender means. His mother was Catalina Pizarro Altamirano. Through his mother, Hernan was second cousin to Francisco Pizarro , who later conquered the Inca empire of modern-day Peru (not to be confused with another Francisco Pizarro who joined Cortés to conquer the Aztecs Back
30. Marco Polo Back Marco Polo ( September 15 , 1254 , Venice , Italy ; or Curzola, Venetian Dalmatia - now Korčula , Croatia — January 8 , 1324 , Venice ) was a Venetian trader and explorer who, together with his father Niccolò and his uncle Maffeo, was one of the first Westerners to travel the Silk Road to China (which he called Cathay ) and visited the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire , Kublai Khan (grandson of Genghis Khan ). His travels are written down in Il Milione ("The Million" or The Travels of Marco Polo ).
31. Vasco de Gama Vasco da Gama ( IPA : /'vaʃku dɐ 'gɐmɐ/; born c. 1469 at Sines or Vidigueira , Alentejo , Portugal ; died December 24 , 1524 in Cochin , India ) was a Portuguese explorer , one of the most successful in the European Age of Discovery , and the first person to sail directly from Europe to India . Gama's voyage was successful in establishing a sea route from Europe to India that would permit trade with the Far East , without the use of the costly and unsafe Silk Road caravan routes, of the Middle East and Central Asia ., Back
