1. Chapter 8 Kinetic Model of Matter Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms and molecules. These particles are much too small to be seen by naked human eyes. How do we prove their existence?

4. The kinetic theory of matter states that all matter is made up of a large number of tiny atoms or molecules which are in continuous motion. kinetic molecular model of matter states of matter

5. brownian motion dotted lines represent the path of smoke particles between collision kinetic molecular model of matter Using a microscope, smoke particles can be seen moving continuously and haphazardly, as a result of being hit by unseen fast-moving air molecules. Brownian motion provides evidence for the kinetic molecular model of matter (kinetic theory of matter).

7. Brownian Motion Fig. shows a smoke cell and the erratic path followed by a particle of smoke. (continue on next slide)

8. Brownian Motion

13. brownian motion If heat is supplied, the motion of the smoke particles becomes more vigorous. The smaller the smoke particles, the more rapid is their motion. Diffusion is a result of Brownian motion. smoke particles moving continuously and haphazardly (irregular or random motion) diffusion

18. the molecular modes of the three states of matter molecular structure of a solid molecular structure of a liquid molecular structure of a gas molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases

26. pressure exerted by a gas pressure of a gas in terms of motion of its molecules 1. Number of gas molecules per cm 3 doubles half the volume of container 2. Number of collisions of molecules with the wall in one second doubles 3. Pressure doubles 1. Molecules move faster temperature of gas in container increases 2. Molecules hit the walls more frequently and more violently (with greater force) 3. Pressure increases

27. Relationship between Pressure, volume and Temperature