1. English Phonology The Sound System of American English

4. The Vocal Tract

5. The Vocal Folds (or Cords)

6. The Consonants of English

7. The Vowels of English

8. Phonetic Transcription Horseshoes [hors‡uz] Matches [mæc‡] Bookend [b¨k´nd] Is [ˆz] Pain medicine [pen m´dˆn] Thorns [†ornz] Breathe [bri∂]

11. Vowel Deletion Delete the last vowel of a morpheme if the following morpheme begins with a vowel Works with some roots and suffixes: Not if prefix is only one syllable: re + act; bi + ennial

12. E/O Deletion Delete the e or o of a morpheme ending in er or or of a morpheme if the following morpheme begins with a vowel

13. S Deletion Delete an s after the prefix ex- Delete the n of the prefix an- before a consonant: Examples: a + theist, a + pathy, a + symmetry, a + trophy But not: an + emic, an + archy, an + orexic, an + hydrous N Deletion