2. Introduction :
We know that each language has different structure and roles , so in
English there are many roles and ways to make a sentences and that
depend on the concept and grammar , and Arabic language as well.
Lets definite the meaning of sentence in general : a sentence is a group of
words that makes sense on its own. For example , Ahmad went to the
school .
In my assignment I will put simple comparison and explanation about
structure of Arabic and English sentences .
I will support my assignment with examples in order to make the subject
more easier and less complicated .
3. English sentences structure:(syntax)
we agree that any sentence is about someone or
something so that something or someone of any sentence
are called subject , it is not necessary that subject must be
in the beginning of the sentence .
Here we have some examples that show the subject
often at the beginning but not always :
1- Sarah often comes so late to her work.
2-my friend and I both like to eat sushi.
4. Kinds of English sentences and its structures:
simple sentence :which has only one clause :
for example , The kids were crying.
Compound sentences: which has tow or more clauses:
for example , I looked for same that jacket but I couldn't find .
In compound sentences must be with conjunctions.
Complex sentence : which has a main clause and one or
more adverbial clauses. Adverbial clauses usually come after
the main clause.
For example: she had a very difficult childhood because she
lost her family when she was a child .
5. Arabic sentence and its structures .
In Arabic language the sentences are tow kinds : nominal and verbal .
Verbal begins with a verb but nominal begins with a noun or pronoun
Nominal has tow parts 1-subject (مبتدأ) and a predicate خبر) ).
For examples:
That was an excellent answer . ممتازة اجابة تلك كانت
I have 3 brothers. اخوة ثالث لدي
I work in new York city . نيويورك مدينة في اعمل انا
6. Structure in Arabic and English sentences:
so in English, the sentences contain clauses .
Sentences can contain subjects, The subject in a
sentence is generally the person or thing carrying out an
action.
For example :
The boy eats the apple . التفاحة اكل الولد while in Arabic the
verb will be at the beginning . التفاحة الولد اكل
7. Translation , English target Arabic .
The translation has many roles so we can not translate the Arabic
sentences verbally in English .
For example : in Arabic we say السوق الى ذهبنا وصديقتي انا but in English we say
, My friend and I went to the shop.
Also we can use some idioms like . The exam was a piece of cake . If we
want to translate to Arabic it is wrong to say ولكن الكعك قطعة مثل كان االختبار
جدا سهل كان االمتحان ان نقول ان الصحيح
Ali plays football. الكرة علي يلعب نقول وانما الكرة يلعب علي نقول ال الجملة هذه في
So the translation depends on the grammar and the structure of each
language Arabic and English .
8. The conclusion :
Now you become aware of how you can differentiate between the structure
of English and Arabic sentences besides how you can translate it .
So , To understand sentence structures in the English language, you must
first have a general understanding of the types of words that are used to
make sentences.
Don’t forget that one of the most important English basic structure that the
sentence must begins with capital letter and end with punctuation mark
(full stop) .
In Arabic , syntactic
structures of a nominal sentence and a verbal sentence according to the
developed grammar are given.
9. …..
It is hoped that the developed grammar will contribute to the efforts
undertaken recently in the Arab countries towards the development of a
comprehensive, agreedupon, formal grammar for Arabic syntax.
10. The references :
http://arabic.tripod.com/Sentences3.htm
http://blogs.transparent.com/arabic/arabic-sentences-the-verbal-sentence/
http://linguapress.com/grammar/word-order.htm
