This document outlines the assessment and rating system for learning outcomes under the K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum. It discusses the philosophy, nature, levels, tools, and frequency of assessment. Assessment will be standards-based and focus on knowledge, skills, understanding, and performance. Student proficiency will be rated on a scale and determine promotion. Rubrics will provide clear guidelines for evaluating student work. Formative and summative assessments will track progress and measure proficiency. The system aims to support quality learning through self-reflection and accountability.
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K to12 ASSESSMENT AND RATING OF LEARNING OUTCOMES
1. ASSESSMENT AND RATING OF LEARNING OUTCOMES
UNDER THE K to 12
BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM
DIVINE MERCY COLLEGE
FOUNDATION INC.
Caloocan City
Professional Education
Presented by:
CHRISTIAN D. EVANGELISTA
MARIANNE T. EVANGELISTA, MSHRM
2. DepEd ORDER No. 73 S. 2012
General Guidelines for the Assessment and
Rating of Learning Outcomes
• Effective School Year () 2012-2013, the standards-based
assessment and rating system shall be implemented to support
the progressive roll-out starting with grades 1 and 7 of the K to 12
Basic Education Curriculum in public and private elementary and
secondary schools nationwide.
3. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
• Philosophy of Assessment
• Nature of Assessment and Its Purpose
• Levels of Assessment
• Assessment Tools
• Levels of Proficiency and Equivalent Numeric Value
• Rating System
• Assessment Rubric
• Frequency of Assessment
5. K TO 12 PROGRAM
• The K to 12 Program covers:
• Kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of
primary education, four years of Junior High School, and two
years of Senior High School [SHS])
6. A. PHILOSOPHY
• Assessment shall be used primarily
as a quality assurance tool to track
student progress in the attainment of
standards, promote self-reflection
and personal accountability for one’s
learning, and provide a basis for the
profiling of student performance
7. B. NATURE AND PURPOSE
OF ASSESSMENT
• Assessment shall be holistic, with emphasis on
the formative or developmental purpose of
quality assuring student learning.
• It also standards-based as it seeks to ensure
that teachers will teach to the standards and
students will aim to meet or even exceed the
standards.
• The students’ attainment of standards in terms
of content and performance is, therefore, a
critical evidence of learning.
10. C. LEVELS OF ASSESSMENT
• The attainment of learning outcomes as
defined in the standards shall be the basis
for the quality assurance of learning using
formative assessments.
• They shall also be the focus of the
summative assessments and shall be the
basis for grading at the end of instruction.
11. LEVEL OF LEARNING OUTCOMES
• Knowledge
• Process or Skill
• Understanding
• Products and Performances
– The levels of Assessment are defined as
follows:
13. PROCESS
• Skills or cognitive
operations that
the student
performs on facts
and information
for the purpose of
constructing
meanings or
understandings.
14. UNDERSTANDING(S)
• Enduring big ideas,
principles and
generalizations
inherent to the
discipline, which
may be assessed
using the facets of
understanding
which may be
specific to the
discipline
15. PRODUCTS / PERFORMANCES
• Real-life
application of
understanding
as evidenced by
the student’s
performance of
authentic tasks.
16. LEVELS OF ASSESSMENT
These levels shall be the outcomes reflected in the
class record and shall be given corresponding
percentage weights as follows:
LEVEL OF ASSESSMENT PERCENTAGE WEIGHT
Knowledge 15%
Process or Skills 25%
Understanding (s) 30%
Products / Performances 30%
TOTAL = 100%
17. ASSESSMENT TOOLS
KNOWLEDGE PROCESS / SKILLS UNDERSTANDINGS PRODUCTS &
PERFORMANCES
Traditional Tools: Transform a Textual
Presentation into a Diagram
Facets of Understandings Authentic products or
performance tasks that a
student is expected to do to
Paper and Pencil Tests ~ Outline, Organize, Analyze,
Interpret, Translate, Convert or
Express Information
~ Self Knowledge Demonstrate his or her
understanding.
~ Multiple Choice ~ Flow Chart ~ Empathy ~ Self Understanding
~ True or False ~ Construct Graphs ~ Perspective ~ Self Monitoring
~ Matching Type ~ Graphic Organizers ~ Explanation ~ Self Assessment
~ Constructed Response
Tests
~ Draw Analogies ~ Interpretation ~ Permit choices of
combinations of oral, written,
visual and kinesthetic modes
19. The performance of the students shall be
described in the report card, based on the following
levels of proficiency
LEVEL OF PROFICIENCY
Beginning (B)
Developing (D)
Approaching Proficiency (AP)
Proficient (P)
Advanced (A)
20. While, the level proficiency shall be based on a
numerical value which arrived form summing up the
results of the student’s performance on the various
level of assessment.
EQUIVALENT NUMERICAL VALUE
74% and Below
75 - 79%
80 - 84%
85 - 89%
90% and Above
23. FEED BACK
• Results of the
assessment across
levels should be fed
back immediately to
the students, so that
they know what to
improve further, and
then they can plan
strategically how they
can address any
learning deficiency
25. WHAT IS RUBRIC:
• A rubric is a guideline for rating student
performance.
• It must define the range of possible performance
levels.
• Within this range, there are different levels of
performance which are organized from the lowest
level to the highest level of performance.
• Usually, a scale of possible points is associated with
the continuum in which the highest level receives
the greatest number of points and the lowest level of
performance receives the fewest points.
26. BENEFITS OF RUBRIC
–The rubric provides assessment with
exactly the characteristics for each
level of performance on which the
students and the teacher should base
their judgment.
–The rubric provides the students with
clear information about how well they
performed and what they need to
accomplish in the future to better their
performance.
27. RUBRICS CRITERIA & PERCENTAGE
CRITERIA PERCENTAGE
Knowledge 15%
Skills 25%
Understanding (s) 30%
Transfer of Understanding 30%
TOTAL: 100%
29. PAPER AND PENCIL INSTRUMENTS
• Paper-and-pencil
instruments refer to a
general group of
assessment tools in
which candidates read
questions and respond
in writing.
• This includes tests,
such as knowledge and
ability tests, and
inventories, such as
personality and
interest inventories.
30. MOST COMMON RESPONSE
FORMATS ARE:
1. MULTIPLE CHOICE
2. TRUE OR FALSE
3. MATCHING TYPE
4. IDENTIFICATION
5. CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE / ESSAY
44. BASIS FOR PROMOTION AND RETENTION
LEVEL OF
PROFICIENCY
EQUIVALENT
NUMERICAL VALUE
Beginning (B) 74% and Below
Developing (D) 75 - 79%
Approaching Proficiency (AP) 80 - 84%
Proficient (P) 85 - 89%
Advanced (A) 90% and Above
45. PROMOTION AND RETENTION
• Promotion and Retention of students shall be by
subject
• Students whose proficiency level is Beginning (B)
at the end of the quarter or grading period shall
be required to undergo remediation after class
hours so that they can immediately catch up as
they move to the next grading period
• If by the end of school year, the students are still
at the Beginning level, then they shall be required
to take summer classes
48. UNDERSTANDING
• Understanding as expressed using any
three of the six facets of understanding
• The facets are explained (adapted from
the paper, “Understanding by Design
Framework in the Philippines” by Mc
Tighe and Grant Wiggins, p.5)
50. FACET # 01 “EXPLANATION”
• Concepts, principles,
and processes by
putting them in their
own words, teaching
them to
others, justifying their
answers and showing
their reasoning.
51. • By making sense of
data, text, and
experience
through images,
analogies, stories
and models;
FACET # 02 “INTERPRETATION”
52. • Effectively using
and adapting
what they know
in new and
complex texts
FACET # 03 “APPLICATION”
54. FACET # 05 “EMPATHY”
• Display empathy by
perceiving
sensitively and
putting one’s self
in someone else’s
shoes;
55. • Have self knowledge
by showing met
cognitive awareness,
using productive
habits of mind and
reflecting on the
meaning of the
learning and
experience.
FACET # 06 “SELF KNOWLEDGE”
59. TRANSFER OF UNDERSTANDING
• Transfer of understanding to life situations
maybe assessed as demonstrated through the
following:
1. PRODUCTS – Outputs which are reflective
of learner’s creative application of
understanding;
2. PERFORMANCES – skillful exhibition or
creative execution of a process, reflective
of masterful application of learning or
understanding.
60. STUDENT IS EXPECTED TO
DEMONSTRATE HIS/HER
UNDERSTANDING BY MEANS OF:
• Self Understanding
• Self Monitoring
• Self Assessment
62. SELF MONITORING
• Used in behavioral
management where a
person will keep a
record of behavior
patterns.
• A personality trait for
the ability to change
behavior in response to
different situations.
63. • It is the process of
gathering information
about yourself in order
to make an informed
career decision.
• A self assessment
should include a look at
the following: values,
interests, personality,
and skills.
SELF ASSESSMENT
68. PRE ASSESSMENT TOOL
• Pre-assessment allows the teacher and student to
discover what is already known in a specific topic
or subject.
• It is critical to recognize prior knowledge so
students can engage in
questioning, formulating, thinking and theorizing in
order to construct new knowledge appropriate to
their level.
70. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT
• The goal of formative assessment is to gather feedback
that can be used by the instructor and the students to guide
improvements in the ongoing teaching and learning context.
These are low stakes assessments for students and
instructors.
Examples:
1. Asking students to submit one or two
sentences identifying the main point of
a lecture
2. Have students submit an outline for a
paper.
3. Early course evaluations
4. Giving quizzes to check student
understanding
71. SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT
• The goal of summative assessment is to measure the
level of success or proficiency that has been obtained at the
end of an instructional unit, by comparing it against some
standard or benchmark.
• The outcome of a summative assessment can be used
formatively, however, when students or faculty take the
results and use them to guide their efforts and activities in
subsequent courses.
• Examples of summative assessments include:
a midterm exam
a final project
a paper
a senior recital
73. Presented to:
DR. BELLA LAUREANO
And the students under Professional
Education of
The Divine Mercy College Foundation Inc
(Batch 2013)
Hinweis der Redaktion
To provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship.
Prototype – means exampleRubric is a guide listing specific criteria for grading or scoring academic papers, projects, or tests
WHAT WILL I ASSESS – COMPETENCIES (THE ABILITY OR THE SKILL)HOW WILL I ASSES – TOOLS HOW WILL I SCORE – BY MEANS OF RUBRICS
FACET - : any of the definable aspects that make up a subject (as of contemplation) or an object (as of consideration)
This Facet from the teacher’s point-of view:· This understanding emerges from providing students with a well-developed and supported theory – “the why,” “the what,” and “the how.”· Requires through assignments and assessments an explanation of what the students know and solid reasoning to support it.· The teacher is a tour guide.· Calls for students to explain answers so that they can justify how they arrived at them and why they are right.· Makes a purposeful attempt at a better balance between knowledge delivery [teacher and text] and student theory building and testing.· Builds units around overarching [essential and unit] questions, issues, and problems that demand student theories and explanations, such as those found in problem-based learning and effective hands-on and minds-on programs. Understanding this Facet helps a student to answer the questions:· Why is that so?· What explains such events?· What accounts for such action?· How can we prove it?· To what is this connected?· How does this work?· What is implied?
This Facet from the Teacher’s Point of View· Meaning, stories, translations, reading between the lines.· More concentration on the substance and significance of what is learned.· Tells students stories of what things are about, the purpose of which is understanding, not explanation. Recognizes and communicates to students that a good story both enlightens and engages and helps them find meaning rather than just see scattered facts and abstract ideas. Helps students realize that the best stories can make their lives more understandable and focused.· Incorporates into instruction narratives, translations, metaphors, images, and artistry: recognizing they provide meaning to the student.· While teaching relevant facts and theoretical principles, still always asks, “What does it mean? What is its importance – to you, to us?· In math and science, more investigation into the importance of particular concepts, facts, theorems, and formulae.· Helps students recognize that a text or a speaker’s words will always have different valid readings and leads them to an appreciation that all interpretations are bound by the personal, social, cultural, and historical contexts in which they arise.· Coaches students to organize and contextualize essentially contestable, incompletely verifiable propositions in a disciplined way.· Appreciates that the challenge in teaching is to bring the text to life by revealing, through study and discussion, that the text speaks to their concerns.· Is aware that this narrative building is the true meaning of constructivism and that the teacher must avoid trying to test and find a single “right” answer or push a partisan point of view. Realizes it is counterproductive to hand students pre-packaged “significance” or “interpretations” without letting them work through the problem to where they observe for themselves that these explanations and interpretations are valid.· Values that learning cannot be primarily or exclusively the process of learning what someone else says is the meaning of something. To educate students to be able to think for themselves as adults, it is realized the teacher must teach them to build stories and interpretations, not just passively take in official ones. · Helps students build knowledge from the inside. Understanding in this facet helps a student answer the questions:· What doe sit mean?· Why doe sit matter?· What of it?· What does it illustrate or illuminate in human experience?· How doe sit relate to me?· What makes sense? This facet from the student’s point of view:· Interprets by telling meaningful stories.· Offers appropriate interpretations.· Provides an enlightening historical or personal dimension to ideas and events.· Personalizes through images, anecdotes, analogies, and models.· Brings comprehension to concepts by constructing or quoting stories, descriptions, myths, legends, parables, analogies, etc., and critically reviewing them.
This Facet from the teacher’s point of view:· Knowledge in context – authentic application.· Develops in students the ability to sue knowledge in deciding how their thinking and actions should be modified to meet the demands of a particular situation. Situations are provided that involve matching their ideas or actions to the context.· Recognizes that student understanding is revealed as performance know-how, the ability to accomplish tasks successfully, with grace under pressure, and with tact.· Realizes this is a context-dependent understanding requiring the use of new problems and diverse situations in assessment. The problems used for assessment are as close as possible to real-world situations encountered by real-world situations encountered by real-world people in their real-world jobs and lives.· Testing of this understanding involves neither repetition of information learned nor performance of practices mastered, but rather the appropriate application of concepts and principles to questions or problems that are newly posed – performance needs to be central to evaluation and instruction. Understanding is this facet helps a student answer the questions:· How and where can I use this knowledge, skill, process?· How should my thinking and action be modified to meet the demands of this particular situation? This facet from the student’s point of view:· Applies and effectively uses and adopts what s/he knows in new situations and diverse contexts with defined audiences, purposes, and situations.· Has a sufficient grasp of concepts, principles, or skills so that s/he can bring them to bear on new problems and situations, deciding in which ways their present competencies can suffice and in which ways they may require new skills or knowledge.
This Facet from the teacher’s point of view:· Asks students, “How does it look from another point of view?” For example, “How would my critic see things?”· Develops student fluency and flexibility in this understanding by providing them with a clear performance goal and keeping that goal in constant view as different points of view emerge.· Uses the case method and problem-based learning methods that exemplify this understanding.· Provides instruction and performance standards that require students to see things from the perspective of the ultimate standards, the various players, and the primary audience – not their own intentions – as they try to solve a particular problem.· Encourages students in their coursework to ask and answer, “What of it? What is assumed? What follows?”· Promotes the inclusion of explicit opportunities for students to confront alternative theories and diverse points of view regarding the big ideas – able to stand back and see things from a distance.· Realizes that this critical point of view defines a liberal education rather than the content. Understanding in this facet helps a student answer the questions:· From whose point of view?· From which vantage point?· What is assumed or tacit that needs to be made explicit and considered?· What is justified or warranted?· Is there adequate evidence?· Is it reasonable?· What are the strengths and weaknesses of the idea?· Is it plausible? This facet from the student’s point of view:· Sees and hears points of view through critical eyes and ears; sees the big picture – critical and insightful points of view.· Knows s/he is not “done” with a project or lesson simply because s/he worked hard, followed directions, and turned in a piece of work from a single point of view – his/her own.· Grasps the points of view behind teacher and textbook pronouncements.· Understands how ideas look from different vantage points.· Takes multiple points of view.· Ability to shift viewpoint and takes into account diverse, yet credible, perspectives.
This facet from the teacher’s point of view:· Walking in another’s shoes.· Helps students find value in what others might find odd, alien, or implausible.· Facilitates for students an understanding of another person, people, or culture.· Provides assignments where students must perceive sensitively on the basis of prior direct experience.· Presents students with actual or simulated occurrences of the concepts to be learned.· Confronts students deliberately with strange or alien texts, experiences, and ideas to see if they can get beyond what is off-putting about the work.· Makes it possible for students to see from inside another person’s worldview as s/he embraces the insights that can be found in the subjective and aesthetic realm.· Helps students find what is plausible, sensible, or meaningful in the ideas and actions of others – often resulting in a change of heart and mutual respect.· Grasps that learning needs to be more experiential, more geared toward making students directly confront the effects – and affect – of decisions, ideas, theories, and problems.· Recognizes that understanding through empathy implies an existential or experiential prerequisite.· Realizes that this understanding in the interpersonal sense suggests not merely an intellectual change of mind for the student but also a significant change of heart. Understanding in this facet helps a student answer the questions:· How does it seem to you?· What do they see that I don’t?· What do I need to experience if I am to understand?· What was the artist or performer feeling, seeing, and trying to make me feel and see? This facet from the student’s point of view:· Finds and communicates what is plausible, sensible, or meaningful in the ideas and actions of others.· Gets “inside the skin” of a person, a literary character, historical figure, noted thinker, and experience, or a work of art to discover purposes, motives, and feelings.· Moves beyond the odd, alien, seemingly weird opinions or people to find what is meaningful in them.· Distinguishes and feels historical occurrences and concerns as they were experienced by people of the time, rather than how they might be experienced in the present.
This facet from the teacher’s point of view:· Wisdom, “knowing thyself,” aware of prejudice.· Self-knowledge demands that a teacher help students self-consciously question their understandings to advance them.· Designs assignments and assessments that require self-reflection about and examination of intellectual preconceptions, and implicit beliefs.· Coaches students in the discipline of seeking and finding the inevitable blind spots or oversights in their thinking and in having the courage to face uncertainty and inconsistencies lurking underneath effective habits, naïve confidence, strong beliefs, and worldviews that only seem complete and final.· Grasps that students, to understand the world, must first understand themselves. Through self-knowledge they also understand what they do not understand.· Recognizes that metacognition [thinking about our thinking to improve our thinking] refers to self-knowledge about how students think and why, and comprehends the relationship between their preferred methods of learning and their understanding.· Pays greater attention to the job of teaching and assessing self-reflection, metacognition, in its broadest sense.· Teaches and assesses intellectual honesty through student self-assessment. Understanding in this facet helps a student answer these questions:· How does who I am shape my views?· What are the limits of my understanding?· What are my blind spots?· What am I prone to misunderstand because of prejudice, habit, or style? This facet from the student’s point of view:· Perceives the personal style, prejudices, projections, and habits of mind that both shape and impede his/her own understanding.· Aware of what s/he does not understand and why understanding is so hard.· Possesses and demonstrates the wisdom to know his/her own ignorance and how his/her patterns of thought and action inform as well as prejudice understanding.· Demonstrates the capacity to self-assess and self-regulate.
INDICATOR – SIGN / POINTER (PANUKAT)
Prototype – means exampleRubric is a guide listing specific criteria for grading or scoring academic papers, projects, or testsFormative assessments are on-going assessments, reviews, and observations in a classroom. Teachers use formative assessment to improve instructional methods and student feedback throughout the teaching and learning process. For example, if a teacher observes that some students do not grasp a concept, she or he can design a review activity or use a different instructional strategy. Likewise, students can monitor their progress with periodic quizzes and performance tasks. The results of formative assessments are used to modify and validate instruction. Summative assessments are typically used to evaluate the effectiveness of instructional programs and services at the end of an academic year or at a pre-determined time. The goal of summative assessments is to make a judgment of student competency after an instructional phase is complete. For example, in Florida, the FCAT is administered once a year -- it is a summative assessment to determine each student's ability at pre-determined points in time. Summative evaluations are used to determine if students have mastered specific competencies and to identify instructional areas that need additional attention.
Ongoing assessment throughout the learning process is also critical as it directs the teacher and student as to where to go next. Several assessment techniques are described in this section.
Formative assessment need not be written all the time the teacher can check their students’ understanding in a variety of ways like: asking questions, group discussions, games and puzzles
Information from summative assessments can be used formatively when students or faculty use it to guide their efforts and activities in subsequent courses.BENCHMARK – SCALE / YARDSTICK, LEVEL OR POINT OF REFERENCE