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CESAR
Climate and Environmental change
and Sustainable Accessibility of the
Randstad
DBR February 2012
Prof. Martin Dijst
Faculty of Geosciences
Utrecht University
CESAR in a nutshell
Challenge 1
Challenge 2
Progress challenge 1
• Systematic and comprehensive
review of literature
• Incomplete and fragmented
KhattakandDePalma,1995
DePalmaandRochat,1999
Coolsetal.,2010
AaheimandHauge,2005
Sabir,2011
Mülleretal.,2008
Nankervis,1999
BergströmandMagnusson,2003
KilpelainenandSummala,2007
Richardson,2000
Wintersetal.,2007
HansonandHanson,1977
Brandenburgetal,2004
BrandenburgandArnberger,2001
Dwyer,1988
Keay,1992
Aultman-Halletal.,2010
PhungandRose,2007
Burkeetal.,2006
Ahmedetal.,2010
Guoetal.,2007
NikopoulouandLykoudis.,2007
Zachariasetal.,2001
Zachariasetal.,2004
Thorssonetal.,2007
Lin,2009
Thorssonetal.,2004
Eliassonetal.,2007
TuckerandGilliland,2007(review)
ChanandRyan,2009(review)
McGinnetal.,2007
SpinneyandMillward,2010
objective
subjective
absolute
relative
revealed/reported
stated
weather forecasts
adverse weather'
seasonality
precipitation
temperature
wind
perceived temperature
quantitative
qualitative
longitudinal
multivariate
crosstabs
climate regime equatorial
arid
warm temperate
continental
polar
NW-European
North American
Australian
Other
urban
rural
weekday/holiday
day/night/peakhour
hourly weather data
daily weather data
rural weather stations
urban micro climates
modes
•car
•transit
•cyclist
•pedestrian
•intermodal
destinations
routes
frequencies
departure times
distances
travel times
trip purposes
age
gender
education
income
household
car availability
health
travel attitudes
weather attit.
role of geogr. context degree of urbanization
resolutions
(Koppen Geiger)
Othermeth.
attributes
personal background
Meteorologicalattributes
parameters
Mobilityattributes
travel behaviour
Coverageissues
cultural context
urban or rural
HealthTransport Geography
temporal
Biometeorology
Progress challenge 1
continued
• Overall: increased
attractivensess of cycling and
decrease of the car
• Winter(milder and wetter):
growth in use of cycling and
walking
• Summer (hotter, dryer and
extreme precipitation): more car
and less use of active modes
• Sholder seasons: contrasting
results
Progress challenge 1
continued
• What is more important for
urban heat island effect?:
• Long wave trapping
• Short wave shadow effects
• Based on collected data in
Rotterdam and Weather
Research and Forecast model
(WRF)
• Effects depend on season:
• Winter: only long wave trapping
due to lack of incoming solar
radation
• Summer: both processes
Physical'mechanisms'
6/13*
Long*wave*trapping*
Night'8me'
Short*wave*shadow*effects*
Day'8me'
Which%of%the%processes%is%more%important%and%when?%
Progress challenge 2
• Developing and testing
multidimensional framework
• Aims of PSS
• Improving planning process
• Improving outcomes
• Experimental tests of Urban
Strategy (US)
• Preliminary results
• In its current form US
contributes little to the quality of
the process and outcomes
• Scale and level of detail not well
tuned to the demands of land
use and transport strategy
makers
• Kind of indicators not well-suited
for kind of questions
Title
Urban Strategy Experiment No1
Group 2(3 persons)
The second group consisted of three male urban planning
mobility studies. During the introduction of Urban Strate
legend that is used in the traffic intensity map. Anothe
borders of the model: what can(‘t) it do ? 
Policy relevance
• Impact of microclimate on local
environmental quality
• Impact of microclimate on sustainable
transport modes
• Impacts on sustainable accessibility
• Integration of microclimate effects in
PSS
Prospects challenge 1
• Fieldwork to analyse interaction
weather conditions, individual
experiences and mobility
• Modelling morphology of cities and
urban climate
Prospects challenge 2
• Experimental testing specific
strategies to improve quality of
processes and outcomes of PSS
• Analysis of meaning of PSS at
various spatial scales and for
exchange of knowledge between
various type of actors
Dbr february 2012 cesar

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Dbr february 2012 cesar

  • 1. CESAR Climate and Environmental change and Sustainable Accessibility of the Randstad DBR February 2012 Prof. Martin Dijst Faculty of Geosciences Utrecht University
  • 2. CESAR in a nutshell Challenge 1 Challenge 2
  • 3. Progress challenge 1 • Systematic and comprehensive review of literature • Incomplete and fragmented KhattakandDePalma,1995 DePalmaandRochat,1999 Coolsetal.,2010 AaheimandHauge,2005 Sabir,2011 Mülleretal.,2008 Nankervis,1999 BergströmandMagnusson,2003 KilpelainenandSummala,2007 Richardson,2000 Wintersetal.,2007 HansonandHanson,1977 Brandenburgetal,2004 BrandenburgandArnberger,2001 Dwyer,1988 Keay,1992 Aultman-Halletal.,2010 PhungandRose,2007 Burkeetal.,2006 Ahmedetal.,2010 Guoetal.,2007 NikopoulouandLykoudis.,2007 Zachariasetal.,2001 Zachariasetal.,2004 Thorssonetal.,2007 Lin,2009 Thorssonetal.,2004 Eliassonetal.,2007 TuckerandGilliland,2007(review) ChanandRyan,2009(review) McGinnetal.,2007 SpinneyandMillward,2010 objective subjective absolute relative revealed/reported stated weather forecasts adverse weather' seasonality precipitation temperature wind perceived temperature quantitative qualitative longitudinal multivariate crosstabs climate regime equatorial arid warm temperate continental polar NW-European North American Australian Other urban rural weekday/holiday day/night/peakhour hourly weather data daily weather data rural weather stations urban micro climates modes •car •transit •cyclist •pedestrian •intermodal destinations routes frequencies departure times distances travel times trip purposes age gender education income household car availability health travel attitudes weather attit. role of geogr. context degree of urbanization resolutions (Koppen Geiger) Othermeth. attributes personal background Meteorologicalattributes parameters Mobilityattributes travel behaviour Coverageissues cultural context urban or rural HealthTransport Geography temporal Biometeorology
  • 4. Progress challenge 1 continued • Overall: increased attractivensess of cycling and decrease of the car • Winter(milder and wetter): growth in use of cycling and walking • Summer (hotter, dryer and extreme precipitation): more car and less use of active modes • Sholder seasons: contrasting results
  • 5. Progress challenge 1 continued • What is more important for urban heat island effect?: • Long wave trapping • Short wave shadow effects • Based on collected data in Rotterdam and Weather Research and Forecast model (WRF) • Effects depend on season: • Winter: only long wave trapping due to lack of incoming solar radation • Summer: both processes Physical'mechanisms' 6/13* Long*wave*trapping* Night'8me' Short*wave*shadow*effects* Day'8me' Which%of%the%processes%is%more%important%and%when?%
  • 6. Progress challenge 2 • Developing and testing multidimensional framework • Aims of PSS • Improving planning process • Improving outcomes • Experimental tests of Urban Strategy (US) • Preliminary results • In its current form US contributes little to the quality of the process and outcomes • Scale and level of detail not well tuned to the demands of land use and transport strategy makers • Kind of indicators not well-suited for kind of questions Title Urban Strategy Experiment No1 Group 2(3 persons) The second group consisted of three male urban planning mobility studies. During the introduction of Urban Strate legend that is used in the traffic intensity map. Anothe borders of the model: what can(‘t) it do ? 
  • 7. Policy relevance • Impact of microclimate on local environmental quality • Impact of microclimate on sustainable transport modes • Impacts on sustainable accessibility • Integration of microclimate effects in PSS
  • 8. Prospects challenge 1 • Fieldwork to analyse interaction weather conditions, individual experiences and mobility • Modelling morphology of cities and urban climate
  • 9. Prospects challenge 2 • Experimental testing specific strategies to improve quality of processes and outcomes of PSS • Analysis of meaning of PSS at various spatial scales and for exchange of knowledge between various type of actors