Talk given at Cake

1. Ch-ch-anges
C a k e P H P 2 . 0

2. CakePHP 2.0
No more PHP4, PHP 5.2.6+
Many re-factored/re-built internal & external
API’s
New features!
Faster!
Updated conventions.

3. PHP5
Use native features:
Exceptions.
Filter ext.
PDO.
SPL.
json_encode()

4. Conventions

5. Updated conventions
ClassName = FileName.php
View/Helper/HtmlHelper.php =>
HtmlHelper.
CamelCased directories.
Preparing for PHP5.3 and PSR-0

6. New loader
App::import() - Old and busted.
App::uses() - New hawtness.

7. Examples

8. Examples
App::uses(‘AuthComponent’, ‘Controller/Component’);

9. Examples
App::uses(‘AuthComponent’, ‘Controller/Component’);
Classname

10. Examples
App::uses(‘AuthComponent’, ‘Controller/Component’);
Classname Package

11. Examples
App::uses(‘AuthComponent’, ‘Controller/Component’);
Classname Package
App::uses(‘CakeEmail’, ‘Network/Email’);

12. Examples
App::uses(‘AuthComponent’, ‘Controller/Component’);
Classname Package
App::uses(‘CakeEmail’, ‘Network/Email’);
Classname

13. Examples
App::uses(‘AuthComponent’, ‘Controller/Component’);
Classname Package
App::uses(‘CakeEmail’, ‘Network/Email’);
Classname Package

14. Packages
Use App::build() to define paths where any
package lives.
Sensible defaults come built in.
Undefined packages default to checking
app/Lib

15. paths
Use App::build() to define paths where
packages can be found.
Can use App::PREPEND and App::APPEND
to control insertion order.

16. Bad things
happen

17. Exceptions
Object::cakeError() is dead.
New Exceptions & Exception handling
replace it.
More extensible and configurable handling.

18. Example
1 <?php
2 // Customize the renderer.
3 Configure::write('Exception', array(
4 'handler' => 'ErrorHandler::handleException',
5 'renderer' => 'MyCustomExceptionRenderer',
6 'log' => true
7 ));
8
9 // Replace everything.
10 Configure::write('Exception', array(
11 'handler' => function ($e) {
12 echo 'Oh noes';
13 }
14 ));

19. Built-in exceptions
All previous Object::cakeError() are
exceptions.
Improved testing.
Suite of HTTP exceptions. Great for error
pages.
CakeException for development errors.
Treated as 500 errors in production.

20. HTTP Exceptions
Most common HTTP exceptions are built in.
The names are what you would expect.
Configured Exception handler will get the
exceptions and render an error page.

21. HttpExceptions
1 <?php
2 public function view($id = null) {
3 $this->Tag->id = $id;
4 if (!$this->Tag->exists()) {
5 throw new NotFoundException(__('Invalid tag'));
6 }
7 $this->set('tag', $this->Tag->read(null, $id));
8 }

22. Error Configuration
Configure used for error/exception settings.
Sensible defaults.
Uses Debugger in development
Logs errors in production.
You can change out the whole thing.

23. i18n

24. i18n
No more true.
Automatic sprintf()

25. Examples
__(‘Some string’)
Always returns.
__(‘Some %s’, $value);
Does what you want it to.

26. Unify disparate
apis

27. Unify & syngergize
Helper, Components, Behaviors & Tasks.
Similar, but interacting with each was slightly
different.
Collection objects unify all of them.
HelperCollection, ComponentCollection,
TaskCollection, BehaviorCollection

28. Collections
Load objects at runtime.
Unload objects.
Alias objects.
Trigger callbacks.

29. Loading
$Html = $this->Helpers->load(‘Html’, $settings);
$this->Html works from that point
forward.
The same API exists for components, tasks,
behaviors.

30. Aliasing
1 <?php
2 public $helpers = array(
3 'Html' => array(
4 'className' => 'MyHtmlHelper'
5 )
6 );

31. Aliasing
Once an alias is created, that alias is used
everywhere.
With the above controller code, all other
Helpers would use MyHtmlHelper for
$this->Html.

32. Unload and disable
$this->Components->disable(‘Auth’);
$this->Components->enable(‘Auth’);
$this->Components->unload(‘Auth’);

33. Callbacks
$this->Helpers->trigger(‘beforeRender’, array
(&$this));
Fires method on all enabled objects.
Implement custom hooks in base classes.

34. Console

35. Console
improvements
Coloured output & output levels.
Less coupled & easier to test.
Better input handling.
Generated help.
XML help. Good for integration with other
tools.

36. COLORZ
Simple formatting to add styles to output.
$this->out(‘<warning>Uh oh</warning>’);
$this->out(‘<error>Kaboom</error>’);
$this->out(‘<info>Hi</info>’, 1, Shell::VERBOSE);

37. Input handling
More unix-y input handling.
Long and short options.
Validated options.
Boolean options.
Required arguments.

38. Generated help
Defining command structure with
ConsoleOptionParser means you get help for
free.
--help and -h supported by all shells.
--help xml generates xml help.

39. Request &
Response

40. CakeRequest
Consolidates request interrogation logic.
$this->request everywhere.
Lower memory use by not copying arrays
everywhere.
Backwards compatible read only interface
still around.

41. CakeResponse
Consolidates response generation.
$this->response everywhere.
Deprecated methods still around.
Controllers can return response objects.

42. example
1 <?php
2 class PostsController extends AppController {
3 public function simple() {
4 return new CakeResponse(array(
5 'body' => 'Simple response'
6 ));
7 }
8 }

43. Sessions

44. Sessions
Sessions were tough in the past.
Custom session handlers weren’t on the same
field as core ones.

45. Sessions
Core, App, and Plugin session handlers all
work the same.
CakeSessionInterface interface has to be
implemented.
Same built-in options exist.

46. Using built-ins
1 <?php
2 Configure::write('Session', array(
3 'defaults' => 'php'
4 ));
5 Configure::write('Session', array(
6 'defaults' => 'database'
7 ));
8 Configure::write('Session', array(
9 'defaults' => 'cache',
10 'handler' => array(
11 'config' => 'session'
12 )
13 ));

47. Using an app/plugin
1 <?php
2 Configure::write('Session', array(
3 'defaults' => 'database',
4 'handler' => array(
5 'engine' => 'Custom'
6 )
7 ));
8 Configure::write('Session', array(
9 'defaults' => 'php',
10 'handler' => array(
11 'engine' => 'Plugin.SessionHandler'
12 ),
13 'ini' => array(
14 'session.cookie_httponly' => true
15 )
16 ));

48. Authorization

49. AuthComponent
Split into authorization and authentication
adapters.
Easier to modify and extend.
No magic logins.
No magic hashing of passwords.

50. Built-ins
Authentication Authorization
Form. Controller.
HTTP Basic. Actions (Acl)
HTTP Digest. CRUD (Acl)
custom custom

51. Logging in
1 <?php
2 class UsersController extends AppController {
3 public function login() {
4 if ($this->request->is('post')) {
5 if ($this->Auth->login()) {
6 $this->Session->setFlash('Welcome back!');
7 $this->redirect($this->Auth->redirect());
8 } else {
9 $this->Session->setFlash('Login credentials were invalid.');
10 }
11 }
12 }
13 }

52. Auth Configuration
Way less, because there is less magic.
Easier for beginners to grok.
Easier for veterans to customize.

53. Email

54. Email
Decomposed into several classes.
Email is easily accessible from models &
shells.
EmailComponent is deprecated, because it
doesn’t really add anything at this point.

55. Simple Example
1 <?php
2 App::uses('CakeEmail', 'Network/Email');
3 $mail = new CakeEmail();
4 $mail->from('mark.story@gmail.com', 'Mark Story')
5 ->to('steve@apple.com', 'Steve Jobs')
6 ->subject('Love the new imacs')
7 ->send('I <3 you so much.');

56. Templates
1 <?php
2 App::uses('CakeEmail', 'Network/Email');
3 $mail = new CakeEmail();
4 $mail->from('mark.story@gmail.com', 'Mark Story')
5 ->to('steve@apple.com', 'Steve Jobs')
6 ->subject('Love the new imacs')
7 ->template('love_you', 'simple')
8 ->emailFormat('html')
9 ->viewVars($vars)
10 ->send();

57. Mail Transports
Extracted out as separate classes.
3 built-in transports, and you can make your
own.

58. Testing

59. Testing
PHPUnit is the de-facto standard.
SimpleTest is less feature rich, and didn’t
have a PHP5 compatible version when we
started.
Tune in for my talk on PHPUnit.

60. Performance

61. All win
Lazy loading everywhere it made sense.
Components, helpers, associated models.
Removed most getInstance() methods.
New conventions mean less Inflector calls.
Streamlined dispatch cycle.
Persistent dbo cache.

62. Hello World (rps)
350.0
262.5
CakePHP 1.3.11
CakePHP 2.0-beta
175.0
87.5
0
Hello world
siege -b -c 20 -r 100 http://localhost/hello/world

63. Basic blog (rps)
50.0
37.5
CakePHP 1.3.11
CakePHP 2.0-beta
25.0
12.5
0
Basic blog
siege -b -c 20 -r 100 http://localhost/posts

64. Functions called
Hello World Basic Blog
500
375
250
125
0
CakePHP 1.3.11 CakePHP 2.0-beta
Collected using webgrind and xdebug

65. Questions?