1. ROBOTICS CLASS SECOND QUARTER ACADEMIC YEAR 2011-2012 DILIMAN PREPARATORY SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

2. ROBOT A robot is a mechanical intelligent agent which can perform tasks on its own, or with guidance. In practice a robot is usually an electro-mechanical machine which is guided by computer and electronic programming. It is a system that contains sensors, control systems, manipulators, power supplies and software all working together to perform a task. Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, structural disposition, manufacture and application of robots. ROBOTICS REVIEW

4. ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ROBOTS Sensing A robot would have to be able to sense its surroundings. Giving your robot sensors: light sensors (eyes), touch and pressure sensors (hands), chemical sensors (nose), hearing and sonar sensors (ears), and taste sensors (tongue) will give your robot awareness of its environment. Movement A robot needs to be able to move around its environment. Whether rolling on wheels, walking on legs or propelling by thrusters a robot needs to be able to move Energy A robot needs to be able to power itself. A robot might be solar powered, electrically powered, battery powered. The way your robot gets its energy will depend on what your robot needs to do. Intelligence A robot needs some kind of "smarts." This is where programming enters the pictures. A programmer is the person who gives the robot its 'smarts.' The robot will have to have some way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do. REVIEW

5. LEGO MINDSTORMS NXT Lego Mindstorms NXT is a programmable robotics kit released by Lego in late July 2006. It replaced the first-generation Lego Mindstorms kit, which was called the Robotics Invention System. The base kit ships in two versions: the Retail Version (set #8527) and the Education Base Set (set #9797). It comes with the NXT-G programming software, but a variety of unofficial languages exist, such as NXC, NBC, leJOS NXJ, and RobotC. A new version of the set, the new Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0, was released on August 1, 2009, featuring a color sensor and other upgraded capabilities. LESSON PROPER

7. PARTS OF NXT INTELLIGENT BRICK LESSON PROPER

8. BASIC TERMS Axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. The number indicates the no. of studs an axle can be measured in horizontal position. (Ex. Technic Axle 7, seven is the number of studs an axle my be measured in a horizontal position) Studs are the bumps traditionally associated with Lego parts Technic is a line of Lego interconnecting plastic rods and parts. Bush (Bushing) is a sleeve-shaped lining utilized to reduce friction and wear between mechanical parts or to restrain or constrain the motion of the parts. Bush / Bushing Axle LESSON PROPER - TERMS

9. Beam is long thick piece used in construction of robots. The number after the word indicates the number of holes the beam contains. Example : Technic Beam 3 x 5 Bent 90 Pin and Angle Connector are used to connect parts together. Beams Pins Angle Connectors BASIC TERMS LESSON PROPER - TERMS

10. HANDS – ON ACTIVITY (FIVE-MINUTE BOT) http://www.nxtprograms.com/five_minute_bot/steps.html HANDS-ON

11. MOTORS (2) Lego Technic system has always included a variety of different electric motors. Broadly, these divide into those powered by batteries, held in a connected battery box, or by mains electricity, via a transformer. Battery-power is the most common. FIVE-MINUTE BOT ACTIVITY (FAMILIARIZATION OF SOME LEGO MINDSTORM NXT PARTS) http://static.robotclub.ab.ca/pages/nxt/InventoryComparison/nxt_1_vs_2.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lego_Technic HANDS-ON

12. Wheel (2) FIVE-MINUTE BOT ACTIVITY (FAMILIARIZATION OF SOME LEGO MINDSTORM NXT PARTS) Tyre (2) Technic Axle 7 (2) Technic Bush (4) HANDS-ON

13. Technic Beam 3 x 3.8 x 7 Liftarm Bent 45 Double (2) FIVE-MINUTE BOT ACTIVITY (FAMILIARIZATION OF SOME LEGO MINDSTORM NXT PARTS) Technic Beam 3 x 5 Bent 90 (2) Technic Pin with Friction and Slots (18) Technic Axle Pin with Friction (4) HANDS-ON

14. FIVE-MINUTE BOT ACTIVITY (FAMILIARIZATION OF SOME LEGO MINDSTORM NXT PARTS) Technic Beam 5 (2) Technic Pin Long with Friction and Slots (4) Technic Beam 15 (1) Technic Beam 3 (2) HANDS-ON

15. FIVE-MINUTE BOT ACTIVITY (FAMILIARIZATION OF SOME LEGO MINDSTORM NXT PARTS) Technic Wedge Belt Wheel (2) Technic Angle Connector #1 (2 - black, or blue color) Technic Axle 3 (1) Electric Cable NXT 35cm (2) HANDS-ON

16. PREPARE FOR A 30-ITEM QUIZ ABOUT THE TOPIC PREPARE FOR A PRACTICAL TEST (FAMILIARIZATION OF SOME LEGO MINDSTORM NXT PARTS) ASSIGNMENT