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Providing End-to-End Network QoS via Overlay Networks and Bandwidth On-demand - Mauricio Arango 2007
1. Providing End-to-End Network
QoS via Overlay Networks and
Bandwidth On-demand
Mauricio Arango
Sun Microsystems
October 2007
Mauricio.Arango@sun.com 1
2. Internetâs QoS Problem â A result of
the Dumb Network Approach
⢠Based on End-to-end principle:
> Advocates minimal core network functions with emphasis
on functions at the periphery
> Routing is part of core functions â tightly coupled with
packet switching fabric, highly distributed
⢠Problem - Emphasis on minimal core functions left
out key basic features:
> Quality of Service (QoS)
> Performance Monitoring
> Accounting
⢠A solution - Add needed core functions,
âIntelligenceâ, via Overlay Networks on top of
current dumb core 2
3. Internetâs QoS Problem â A
business opportunity
⢠Lack of assured QoS is a business problem
> âThrowing more bandwidthâ solution approach isnât cost-
effective
⢠Rapid traffic growth, specially video, exacerbating
problem
⢠Growing business sectors exploiting opportunity
through overlay network approaches
> Content Delivery Networks (CDN) - Managed QoS
services
> Application Delivery and Wide-area Optimization
Controllers
3
4. The QoS problem is a routing
problem
⢠Internetâs routing
> Doesnât take into account network performance
conditions
> Doesnât take into account endpoint performance
conditions, such as data center problems
⢠Overlay solution approach
> Why - Changing existing infrastructure is too complex
and expensive
> How â hierarchical routing â adding higher-level routing
layer that bases decisions on performance data
4
5. Overlay Networks
⢠Compensate network weaknesses with computing
power: e.g. caching, application-based routing
> An application of Butler Lampsonâs principle: "All problems in
computer science can be solved by another level of indirection"
5
6. Overlay Architecture Patterns Remote Decision Point
Control & Management Overlay
Remote Remote
Decision point Decision point
Interception points Interception & local decision points
Backbone
DNS
ISP
Server
Backbone
Backbone ISP Customer
Access ISP Network
ISP Backbone
Backbone ISP
ISP
Internet Backbone
⢠Interception Point â Network element on path of traffic
flow, performs packet inspection. Minimally invasive:
> Open control points â eg. DNS
> Interconnection points â eg. peering points
⢠Decision Point â Applies rules and executes triggered
actions â local or remote 6
7. Telco Overlay â PSTN Intelligent
Network
⢠Most widely adopted PSTN overlay architecture
> Goal was to add new telephony services faster and at
lower cost
> Making changes in central office and switches was too
complex and expensive
⢠Architecture
> Trigger Points â Interception & local decision points
> Service Control Point (SCP) â Remote decision point
7
8. Session Control Overlay - SIP
Remote Decision Point
Application SIP
Overlay App Server
Interception & local
decision point
SIP routing SIP SIP SIP
overlay Proxy Proxy Proxy
DNS Internet
Backbone
In-network Interception &
local decision point 8
9. QoS Overlay â Caching System
Remote decision point â
Application-level routing
Caching Control
Overlay
4
DNS Caching QoS
Proxy 5 Manager Monitoring
Interception point
6
3
Caching Origin
Server Server
2 7
1 DNS
Internet
9
10. Load-balancing Overlay â wide-area
& local Remote decision point â
Application-level routing
Load-balancing Overlay
Wide & local QoS
DNS area load-
Proxy Monitoring
balancer
Interception &
Decision point
Interception Data
point Center B
Data
Load Center
Balancer Network
DNS
Data Center A
Internet
10
11. QoS Routing Overlay â Best wide-
area path selection
QoS Routing Overlay Remote decision point â
Application-level routing
DNS QoS QoS
Proxy Routing Monitoring
Path Data
Interception & Traffic Center
entry point Decision points Manager Network
switch
Data Center
DNS Backbone ISP 1
Access
ISP Backbone ISP 2
On-demand
connection
11
12. Systems requirements for Overlay
network patterns
⢠Interception and local decision points
> Based on commercial off-the shelf COTS systems with
multi-threaded architecture â exploiting parallelism in
packet processing
> Packet classification (deep packet inspection) â
sophisticated rule-based system â beyond header fields,
capable of handling application-level strings
> Via packet processing engines â e.g. on top of bare HW (Netra
Data Plane Suite) or new OS functions (Solaris Crossbow)
> New APIs manage packet classification rules
⢠Remote decision points â COTS-based
> APIs with interception and local decision points
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13. Conclusions & Outlook
⢠Wide range of overlay architectures can be designed with
basic patterns â Simplified approach for design of QoS
overlays
⢠Market for QoS solutions influencing networking trends
> Increased use of application-driven routing - Separation from
switching fabric
> Increased centralization of routing and other transport control
functions
> Increased centralization of performance management and
accounting
> Increased use of on-demand bandwidth via connection-oriented
services
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