cgcgfgfd

2. kzmKXwkzmKXwkzmKXwkzmKXw

3. hnjbw
`mjmhy¯-§Ä
hnjbw
`mjmhy¯-§Ä

4. hy¯w
]Zw nÀ½n-¡p-¶-Xnp]tbm-Kn-¡p¶ Af-
hnv hy¯w F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Hmtcm hcn-
bnepw C{X- A-£-c-§Ä thWw C¶-
bn¶ KW-§Ä thWw, C{X am{X-IÄ
hoXw thWw.Fs¶-Ãm-apÅ nba Iev]-
-bmWv hy¯-¯n-ep-ÅXv A£-c-§Ä
C{X-sb¶p IyXyambn ]d-bp-¶-Xnv
Oµkv F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
hy¯w
]Zw nÀ½n-¡p-¶-Xnp]tbm-Kn-¡p¶ Af-
hnv hy¯w F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Hmtcm hcn-
bnepw C{X- A-£-c-§Ä thWw C¶-
bn¶ KW-§Ä thWw, C{X am{X-IÄ
hoXw thWw.Fs¶-Ãm-apÅ nba Iev]-
-bmWv hy¯-¯n-ep-ÅXv A£-c-§Ä
C{X-sb¶p IyXyambn ]d-bp-¶-Xnv
Oµkv F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.

5. Kpcp-e-Lp-¡Ä
o«n D¨-cn-¡p¶ ZoÀLm-£-c-§sfÃmw
Kpcp-¡-fnÂs¸-Sp-¶p. Ch D¨-cn-¡m³ c­v
am{Xw thWw. A£cw D¨-cn-¡m-s-Sp-
¡p¶ izmk--bpsS Af-hnv am{X F¶p
]d-bp-¶p.
Kpcn-hnsâ NnÓw ‘þ’ BWv.
DZm-l-cWw:þ B Xm ¸n Xq Npcp¡n D¨-cn-¡p¶ {lkym-£-c-§sf eLp
F¶p ]d-bp-¶p-. Ahbv¡v D¨m-cWw 1 am{X-bmWv Kfp-hnsâ NnÓw ‘ v’
BWv.
DZm: Av Xv ¸v
Kpcp-e-Lp-¡Ä
o«n D¨-cn-¡p¶ ZoÀLm-£-c-§sfÃmw
Kpcp-¡-fnÂs¸-Sp-¶p. Ch D¨-cn-¡m³ c­v
am{Xw thWw. A£cw D¨-cn-¡m-s-Sp-
¡p¶ izmk--bpsS Af-hnv am{X F¶p
]d-bp-¶p.
Kpcn-hnsâ NnÓw ‘þ’ BWv.
DZm-l-cWw:þ B Xm ¸n Xq Npcp¡n D¨-cn-¡p¶ {lkym-£-c-§sf eLp
F¶p ]d-bp-¶p-. Ahbv¡v D¨m-cWw 1 am{X-bmWv Kfp-hnsâ NnÓw ‘ v’
BWv.
DZm: Av Xv ¸v

6. `mjm hy¯-§Ä
`mjm-hy-¯-§-fn {][m--s¸-
«h ImI-fn, If-Im-©n, aWn-
Im-©n, {ZpX-Im-I-fn, tII,
A¶--S, Xcw-Kn-Wn, aP-Úcn
tXm-X F¶n-h-bm-Wv.
`mjm hy¯-§Ä
`mjm-hy-¯-§-fn {][m--s¸-
«h ImI-fn, If-Im-©n, aWn-
Im-©n, {ZpX-Im-I-fn, tII,
A¶--S, Xcw-Kn-Wn, aP-Úcn
tXm-X F¶n-h-bm-Wv.

7. ImIfn
am{X-b-©-£cw aq¶n hcp-s¶m-cp KW-§sf F«p
tNÀ¯p-Åo-c-Sn¡p sNmÃmw ImI-fn-sb¶p t]À.
aq¶-£-c-¯nv A©v am{X Cu {Ia-¯n c­v hcn-
IÄ¡v F«v KWw h¶m ImI-fn. ImI-fn¡v BZy-h-cn-
bn-epw c­mw hcn-bnepw ]{´­v A£-c-§-fm-Wp-Å-Xv.
asämcp {][m--Imcyw a KWw Bdv am{Xw hcp-¶-Xn-
m D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-dn-Ã. eLp-¡sf ]mSn o«mw F¶n
nb-a-ap-Å-Xp-sIm­v `KWw, PKWw kKWw Ch D]-
tbm-Kn¡mw
þ v þ þ v þ þ v þ þ v þ
imcnI/ss]X-te-/-Nm-cpio/te hcn
þ v þ þ v þ þ v þ þ v þ
Imtcma/ te IY/ tijhpw/ sNmÃp o
ImIfn
am{X-b-©-£cw aq¶n hcp-s¶m-cp KW-§sf F«p
tNÀ¯p-Åo-c-Sn¡p sNmÃmw ImI-fn-sb¶p t]À.
aq¶-£-c-¯nv A©v am{X Cu {Ia-¯n c­v hcn-
IÄ¡v F«v KWw h¶m ImI-fn. ImI-fn¡v BZy-h-cn-
bn-epw c­mw hcn-bnepw ]{´­v A£-c-§-fm-Wp-Å-Xv.
asämcp {][m--Imcyw a KWw Bdv am{Xw hcp-¶-Xn-
m D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-dn-Ã. eLp-¡sf ]mSn o«mw F¶n
nb-a-ap-Å-Xp-sIm­v `KWw, PKWw kKWw Ch D]-
tbm-Kn¡mw
þ v þ þ v þ þ v þ þ v þ
imcnI/ss]X-te-/-Nm-cpio/te hcn
þ v þ þ v þ þ v þ þ v þ
Imtcma/ te IY/ tijhpw/ sNmÃp o

8. IfIm©n
If-Im-©n-¡m-Zy-]m-ZmZu ct­m aqt¶m
KW-§sf sFb©p eLp-hm-¡o-Sn-ep-
Åhmw If-Im-©n-tIÄ.
ImI-fn-bpsS BZy-]m-Z-¯n mev KWw
hcp-sa¶pw AXn Xs¶ BZy-ct­m
aqt¶m KW-§sf A©v am{X In«p¶
A¿-©v eLp tNÀ¯v Fgp-Xn-bm If-
Im-©n. c­mw ]mZw ImI-fn-bp-tSXv
t]mse Xs¶.
IfIm©n
If-Im-©n-¡m-Zy-]m-ZmZu ct­m aqt¶m
KW-§sf sFb©p eLp-hm-¡o-Sn-ep-
Åhmw If-Im-©n-tIÄ.
ImI-fn-bpsS BZy-]m-Z-¯n mev KWw
hcp-sa¶pw AXn Xs¶ BZy-ct­m
aqt¶m KW-§sf A©v am{X In«p¶
A¿-©v eLp tNÀ¯v Fgp-Xn-bm If-
Im-©n. c­mw ]mZw ImI-fn-bp-tSXv
t]mse Xs¶.

9. aW-n-Im©n
ImIfn-¡pÅ ]mZ-§Ä c­nepw ]ns¶-bm-
Znamw KWw am{Xw eLp-abambmtem
aWnIm©n-bmw. ImI-fn-bpsS Hmtcm ]mZ-
¯n-sebpw H¶mw KWw eLp-a-b-am-¡n-
bm aWn-Im-©n-bm-Ipw.
C-cpfn aXn ZpÀK´ ]qchpw Nqepao
c-K-a-Xn-IÄ ns¶s¶ bp²-cn-t¡-W-ta.
aW-n-Im©n
ImIfn-¡pÅ ]mZ-§Ä c­nepw ]ns¶-bm-
Znamw KWw am{Xw eLp-abambmtem
aWnIm©n-bmw. ImI-fn-bpsS Hmtcm ]mZ-
¯n-sebpw H¶mw KWw eLp-a-b-am-¡n-
bm aWn-Im-©n-bm-Ipw.
C-cpfn aXn ZpÀK´ ]qchpw Nqepao
c-K-a-Xn-IÄ ns¶s¶ bp²-cn-t¡-W-ta.

10. {ZpX-Im-Ifn
c­p ]mZ-¯nepw ]ns¶-b-´y-amb KW-¯npw
hÀ®-sam¶p Ipd-sª-¶m {ZpX-Im-Ifn IoÀ¯-t.
ImI-fn-bpsS c­v hcn-I-fn HSp-hnse KW-¯nv
am{Xw A£cw c­m-¡n-bm IoÀ¯--§-fnepw
aäpw ImWp¶ {ZpX-Im-Ifn hy¯-am-Wv. HSp-hnes¯
c­-£-c-apÅ KW-¯nv mev am{Xtbm aq¶v
am{Xtbm BImw. am{X-aà {ZpX-Im-I-fn-bn aK-
Whpw tNÀ¡mw.
{ZpX-Im-Ifn
c­p ]mZ-¯nepw ]ns¶-b-´y-amb KW-¯npw
hÀ®-sam¶p Ipd-sª-¶m {ZpX-Im-Ifn IoÀ¯-t.
ImI-fn-bpsS c­v hcn-I-fn HSp-hnse KW-¯nv
am{Xw A£cw c­m-¡n-bm IoÀ¯--§-fnepw
aäpw ImWp¶ {ZpX-Im-Ifn hy¯-am-Wv. HSp-hnes¯
c­-£-c-apÅ KW-¯nv mev am{Xtbm aq¶v
am{Xtbm BImw. am{X-aà {ZpX-Im-I-fn-bn aK-
Whpw tNÀ¡mw.

11. tII
aq¶pw c­pw c­pw aq¶pw c­pw cs­s¶ ap¯p-IÄ
]nXn-m-en-mdp KWw ]mZw c­n-ep-sa¶p t]mÂ
Kpcp-shm-s¶-¦nepw thWw amdm-tXmtcm KW-¯nepw
Sp-¡yXn ]mZmXn s]mcp-¯anXp tIIbmw.
Hmtcm hcn-bnepw aq¶v c­v c­v aq¶v, c­v F¶ {Ia-
¯n Bdv KW-§fpw ]Xn-mev A£-c-§fpw Sp¡v
bXn-ap-­m-bn-cn-¡pw. KW-§-fn Hmtcm¶nepw Hmtcm
Kpcp-sh-¦nepw thWw. H¶mw ]mZw Kpcp-sIm­v XpS-§n-
bm c­mw ]mZhpw Kpcp-sIm­v Xs¶ XpS-§-Ww.
eLp-sIm-­m-sW-¦n eLp sIm­v Hcp hcn-bn ]Xn-
mev A£-chpw 20 þ 28 hsc am{X-Ifpw ImWpw.
tII
aq¶pw c­pw c­pw aq¶pw c­pw cs­s¶ ap¯p-IÄ
]nXn-m-en-mdp KWw ]mZw c­n-ep-sa¶p t]mÂ
Kpcp-shm-s¶-¦nepw thWw amdm-tXmtcm KW-¯nepw
Sp-¡yXn ]mZmXn s]mcp-¯anXp tIIbmw.
Hmtcm hcn-bnepw aq¶v c­v c­v aq¶v, c­v F¶ {Ia-
¯n Bdv KW-§fpw ]Xn-mev A£-c-§fpw Sp¡v
bXn-ap-­m-bn-cn-¡pw. KW-§-fn Hmtcm¶nepw Hmtcm
Kpcp-sh-¦nepw thWw. H¶mw ]mZw Kpcp-sIm­v XpS-§n-
bm c­mw ]mZhpw Kpcp-sIm­v Xs¶ XpS-§-Ww.
eLp-sIm-­m-sW-¦n eLp sIm­v Hcp hcn-bn ]Xn-
mev A£-chpw 20 þ 28 hsc am{X-Ifpw ImWpw.

12. A¶-S
eLp ]qÀÆw Kpcp ]c-ao-a-«n Zz£cw KWw
Bsd®w a[y-b-Xn-bm-eÀ²nXw apdn
c­nepw Bcwt` nbaw nXy-an-X¶ S-sb¶
ioÂ
c­v hcn-bnepw Bd-£cw hoX-apÅ c­v
JWvU-§-fp­v Hmtcm JWvU-¯nepw c­-
£cw hoX-apÅ aq¶v KW-§Ä Hmtcm KW-
¯nepw BZy-£cw eLp c­m-a-t¯Xv Kpcp.
Hmtcm JWvU-¯n-tebpw BZy KW-¯n Cu
nbaw nÀ_-Ô-am-Wv.
A¶-S
eLp ]qÀÆw Kpcp ]c-ao-a-«n Zz£cw KWw
Bsd®w a[y-b-Xn-bm-eÀ²nXw apdn
c­nepw Bcwt` nbaw nXy-an-X¶ S-sb¶
ioÂ
c­v hcn-bnepw Bd-£cw hoX-apÅ c­v
JWvU-§-fp­v Hmtcm JWvU-¯nepw c­-
£cw hoX-apÅ aq¶v KW-§Ä Hmtcm KW-
¯nepw BZy-£cw eLp c­m-a-t¯Xv Kpcp.
Hmtcm JWvU-¯n-tebpw BZy KW-¯n Cu
nbaw nÀ_-Ô-am-Wv.

13. Xcw-KnWn
Zznam{Xw KW-sa-s«®w
bXn-a[yw Xcw-KnWn
c­v am{X-bpÅ KWw F«v
tNÀ¶v Hcp ]mZw sN¿p-¶-Xnv
Xcw-Kn-Wn F¶p t]À. memw
KW-¯nsâ Ah-km--¯nÂ
bXnbpw thWw.
Xcw-KnWn
Zznam{Xw KW-sa-s«®w
bXn-a[yw Xcw-KnWn
c­v am{X-bpÅ KWw F«v
tNÀ¶v Hcp ]mZw sN¿p-¶-Xnv
Xcw-Kn-Wn F¶p t]À. memw
KW-¯nsâ Ah-km--¯nÂ
bXnbpw thWw.

14. aRvPcn
¥Y-Im-Ifn hy¯-¯n c­mw
]mZ-¯n-e-´yamw c­-£cw Ipdn-
¨o-Sn-eXp aÚ-cn-bm-bnSpw.
þ v v þ þ v þ v þ þ v þ
tavIv/ap³]mbv/amn-n-/am-cpsS
þ v þ þ ------þ þ þ þ v þ v
tansb/nÀ½n-¸m³/amXy-I-/bmbv
aRvPcn
¥Y-Im-Ifn hy¯-¯n c­mw
]mZ-¯n-e-´yamw c­-£cw Ipdn-
¨o-Sn-eXp aÚ-cn-bm-bnSpw.
þ v v þ þ v þ v þ þ v þ
tavIv/ap³]mbv/amn-n-/am-cpsS
þ v þ þ ------þ þ þ þ v þ v
tansb/nÀ½n-¸m³/amXy-I-/bmbv

15. XtXm-¶X
KWw-Zy-£c sas«®w
H¶mw ]mZ-¯nÂa-ä-XnÂ
KW-am-d-c-n¡Ww
­psa-«m-a-X-£tc
Kpcp-Xs¶ sb-gp-s¯Ãm
anÇoen³ t]À tXm-¶X
H¶mw hcn-bn c­-£cw 8 F®w (16 A£-cw) c­mw hcn-bnÂ
Bd-c-KWw (13 A£-cw)
c­p hcn-bnepw 8þmw A£-c-¯n bXn FÃm A£-c-§-tfbpw
Kpcp-hmbn ]mSn o«p-I.
hnti/j§/fnn/bpw ]/-dªp/ sImÅmw / _Ôw /hnm
hni/¡p¶p/ ap/¡Xp/kln/¨p Iq/Sm
XtXm-¶X
KWw-Zy-£c sas«®w
H¶mw ]mZ-¯nÂa-ä-XnÂ
KW-am-d-c-n¡Ww
­psa-«m-a-X-£tc
Kpcp-Xs¶ sb-gp-s¯Ãm
anÇoen³ t]À tXm-¶X
H¶mw hcn-bn c­-£cw 8 F®w (16 A£-cw) c­mw hcn-bnÂ
Bd-c-KWw (13 A£-cw)
c­p hcn-bnepw 8þmw A£-c-¯n bXn FÃm A£-c-§-tfbpw
Kpcp-hmbn ]mSn o«p-I.
hnti/j§/fnn/bpw ]/-dªp/ sImÅmw / _Ôw /hnm
hni/¡p¶p/ ap/¡Xp/kln/¨p Iq/Sm

16. a-kvImcwa-kvImcw