are you confused which light bulb to buy? or do you want to make a project like I had to... well, worry not, I'm sure with the slide I made, you'll find all your answers. please like, comment and download if you like it!

1. CFL vs. LED
By -
Case study - physics
Mansvini Misra, X-B

2. INDEX
❶ CFL – Compact Fluorescent Lamp
❷ More about CFL
❸ LED – Light Emitting Diode
❹ More about LED
❺ CFL vs. LED – Which Bulb is the Best? : ❶ Advantages
❷ Disadvantages

3. CFL - Compact Fluorescent Lamp
A compact fluorescent lamp (CFL), also called compact fluorescent
light, energy-saving light, and compact fluorescent tube, is a
fluorescent lamp designed to replace an incandescent andescent
lamps. The lamps use a tube which is curved or folded to fit into the
space of an incandescent bulb, and a compact electronic ballast in
the base of the lamp.
Compared to general-service incandescent lamps giving the same
amount of visible light, CFLs use one-fifth to one-third the electric
power, and last eight to fifteen times longer. A CFL has a higher
purchase price than an incandescent lamp, but can save over five
times its purchase price in electricity costs over the lamp's lifetime.
Like all fluorescent lamps, CFLs contain toxic mercury which
complicates their disposal.

4. More about CFL
In many countries, governments have established recycling
schemes for CFLs and glass generally.
The principle of operation in a CFL bulb remains the same as in
other fluorescent lighting: electrons that are bound to mercury
atoms are excited to states where they will radiate ultraviolet light
as they return to a lower energy level; this emitted ultraviolet light
is converted into visible light as it strikes the fluorescent coating
on the bulb (as well as into heat when absorbed by other
materials such as glass).
CFLs radiate a spectral power distribution that is different from
that of incandescent lamps. Improved phosphor formulations
have improved the perceived color of the light emitted by CFLs,
such that some sources rate the best "soft white" CFLs as
subjectively similar in color to standard incandescent lamps.

5. LED – Light Emitting Diode
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a basic
pn-junction diode, which emits light when activated. When a fitting voltage is
applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the
device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called
electroluminescence, and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the
photon) is determined by the energy band gap of the semiconductor.
An LED is often small in area (less than 1 mm2) and integrated optical components
may be used to shape its radiation pattern.
Appearing as practical electronic components in 1962, the earliest LEDs emitted low-intensity
infrared light. Infrared LEDs are still frequently used as transmitting
elements in remote-control circuits, such as those in remote controls for a wide
variety of consumer electronics. The first visible-light LEDs were also of low intensity,
and limited to red. Modern LEDs are available across the visible, ultraviolet, and
infrared wavelengths, with very high brightness.

6. More about LED
Early LEDs were often used as indicator lamps for electronic devices,
replacing small incandescent bulbs. They were soon packaged into numeric
readouts in the form of seven-segment displays, and were commonly seen
in digital clocks.
Recent developments in LEDs permit them to be used in environmental and
task lighting. LEDs have many advantages over incandescent light sources
including lower energy consumption, longer lifetime, improved physical
robustness, smaller size, and faster switching. Light-emitting diodes are now
used in applications as diverse as aviation lighting, automotive headlamps,
advertising, general lighting, traffic signals, and camera flashes. However,
LEDs powerful enough for room lighting are still relatively expensive, and
require more precise current and heat management than compact
fluorescent lamp sources of comparable output.
LEDs have allowed new text, video displays, and sensors to be developed,
while their high switching rates are also useful in advanced communications
technology.

7. CFL vs. LED – Which Bulb is Best?
ADVANTAGES
CFL Advantages
CFL, or compact fluorescent, is
simply a mini version of a
standard fluorescent light bulb,
However, these bulbs fit in
standard light sockets without
any adaptor. The light appears
much like the incandescent
light we’re used to, and looks
nothing like the harsh lighting
we associate with offices or
school buildings.
LED Advantages
LED lights last longer, so even
though you’re paying more at
purchase, you buy fewer bulbs
over time. These bulbs fit in
standard light fixtures with no
adaptor necessary. LED makes
very nice lighting for effect and
decorative purposes.

8. Disadvantages
CFL Disadvantages
The primary disadvantage to
CFL lights is the mercury
contained in the bulb. This is
ordinarily not a problem, but if
the bulb breaks clean up is a
hassle. Mercury is a dangerous
heavy metal, and proper
cleanup and disposal of CFL
bulbs is critical. Never put a
used CFL bulb in with the rest
of your trash. Contact your
local waste management
company to learn how to
properly dispose of used CFL
bulbs.
LED Disadvantages
LED lights generally cost more
to buy than CFLs, but
manufacturing technologies
are lowering these prices
continually. These lights are
directional, meaning they are
excellent for lights under
cabinetry, but not as suitable
to table lamps. Some of the
newer LED lights come with
diffusers, which helps some.

9. Special Thanks and Support To :-
❶ www.google.com
❷ www.forbes.com
❸ www.wikipedia.com
❹ research work by phillips (electronical
company)