The Tokugawa Shogunate ruled Japan from 1603 to 1867 and focused on establishing social and political order as well as controlling foreign relations. The Tokugawa enforced a strict social hierarchy with the emperor and warriors at the top and outcasts at the bottom. Daimyo ruled semi-autonomous domains but the Shogun maintained control through a system of required residency in Edo and hostage taking of daimyo family members. Economically, cities grew and a merchant class developed, but peasants faced increased taxes and some revolted. Culturally, the theater of Kabuki and haiku poetry flourished during this period of stability and isolation from foreign influence imposed by the Tokugawa.
6. •The Christian rebellion in 1637-1638
undoubtedly helped harden the Tokugawa to strictly limit all
sources of possible foreign interference.
• After a century and half of
incessant warfare the Tokugawa Shogunate
was obsessed with maintaining order.
THE TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE OF JAPAN
8. •This marked the beginning of Japan's first true pop
culture, a mass-production
culture of the marketplace.
•Theatres came into being – women were
banned from acting and acting was
hereditary.
•Books written in the Japanese language
rather than in class Chinese were published in great numbers
9. Tokugawa Ieyasu
Daimyo of Edo (Modern
Tokyo)
Took control of Japan
after Toyotomi’s death
Restores centralized
power
Moves capital to Edo
“Great Peace”
http://uk.encarta.msn.com/media_
121637196/Japan_Under_Tokuga
wa_Rule.html
10. Europeans come to Japan
First Portuguese traders
Welcomed, traded openly
Weapons, tobacco, clocks
and glasses from Europe
http://rezanov.krasu.ru/eng/epoch/i
mg/japan4l.jpg
11. Europeans get kicked out
http://www.artsales.com/ARTistory/Xavier/Xavier_1.html
Next Jesuit Missionaries
At first converted many Daimyo
But, Jesuits destroyed shrines
resulting in Hideyoshi prohibiting
Christian activities in his land
Missionaries expelled
Traders also removed
Only 1 Dutch group remained w/
restrictions
16th Century Japanese Nanban
screen showing the arrival of
Jesuits in Japan Circa 1549
13. Tokugawa Rule
Wanted to control the feudal
system in Japan
Land was divided into hans
(domains), which were ruled by
daimyo
Could be independent, but
shogunate ruled by hostage
system
http://roninsushiandbar.com/history.aspx
14. Hostage system
Each daimyo has 2 houses.
1 in Edo; 1 on their han
When daimyo isn’t in Edo, his
family must stay there (like
hostages) so the daimyo don’t
rebel
http://www.nakasendoway.com/images/2-9-
1.jpg
17. Role of women
Restricted, especially in
warrior class
Influenced by Confucianism
Rules:
Parents determined
marriage
Men could divorce women
who don’t fulfill their duties.
Men controlled property.
Were valued as mothers
http://www.flickr.com/photos/244
43965@N08/3492944934/in/set-
72157617576425408/
18. Cultural Changes
Literature
Popular in cities
Lighthearted, for fun
Ihara Saikaku
“Five Women who Loved
Love”
Poetry
More serious
Haiku (5,7,5; about nature)
Ex. Matsuo Basho
http://www.big.or.jp/~loupe/link
s/ehisto/ebasho.shtml
From all
directions
Winds bring
petals of cherry
Into the grebe
lake.
