analisis sosiologi umum tentang organisasi dan birokrasi

1. Nama Assisten : Indy Harist Sandy Nama : Dimas Wahyu Pratama
Furi Alifiari NIM : C54140078
NIM : G24100020 Kelompok : Gaga-gili (2)
G74120064
Baccelerating Bureaucratic
Reform
Eko Prasojo, Jakarta | Opinion | Tue, June 05 2012, 9:29 AM
Opinion
Bureaucratic reform has been declared a priority during the administration of
President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. It is not an easy job indeed, as it concerns
both structural and cultural changes.
Since the Cabinet reshuffle in October last year, the administrative reforms
minister has formulated a strategy to accelerate bureaucratic reform phase 1 until
2014, refining what has been stipulated in the Grand Design of Bureaucratic
Reform 2025 as well as the Roadmap 2010-2014.
Indonesian bureaucracy is facing at least five major problems. The first is the
oversized organizational structure of ministries and agencies as well as local
governments, which not only causes severe inefficiency, but also the overlapping
and ineffectiveness in service, governance and development.
The excessive amount of human resources, increasing routine expenditure for
apparatus and difficulties in achieving strategic targets are a result of the oversize.
In the era of decentralization, such organizational structure is no longer rational
and contradicts the necessity to run government services properly. Regional
governments, however, maintain an oversized bureaucracy in order to adopt
political interests and gain cash from the central government, which requires the
presence of certain organizational structures.
The second problem is the competence of the apparatus. Indonesian bureaucracy
is suffering from overstaffing and understaffing. It has a significant number of
apparatuses, yet when a specific competence is needed; it is hard to find someone
within the structure who meets the requirement. Generally, Indonesian civil
servants do not possess specific competence but a very general competence,
which makes them known as general administrators.
The syndrome is contributing somewhat to creating a gap between Java and other
regions, both in terms of quantity and quality. The other problem concerning the

2. apparatus is the poor integrity and mentality of most of the civil servants. This
phenomenon is more a systemic disease, which creates corrupt mentality and poor
integrity.
The third problem is the mismatch between various sub-systems of state
administration, which includes the planning system, budgeting system, good and
service procurement system, delivery of public service systems and performance
accountability report systems. These incompatibilities make it hard to measure the
outcome and impact of all series of government, development and public service
process.
Occasionally, what has been planned does not correlate with the budget; nor is it
derived into sub-activities directed toward the achievement of outcomes.
Indonesia’s bureaucratic performance is still very much oriented toward output,
instead of outcome, let alone impact. In many cases, sub-activities are made only
to create a pretext for business trips and additional income.
The fourth problem is the poor quality of most public services. Apart from the
absence of clear operational standards, the public service in Indonesia is
characterized by levies and an ignorance of the constitutional rights of the
citizens. The mechanism for public complaints is only available at a formal level,
but without follow-up action. The fifth problem is the overlapping laws both
vertically and horizontally, which complicate coordination and cooperation
among government agencies at the central and local levels.
Bureaucratic reform acceleration strategies must therefore be directed toward
addressing and solving the five fundamental problems. At the macro level, the
government needs to improve various national regulation frameworks both in
forms of legislation and government regulation. Bureaucratic reform should take
shape in the development of integrated systems from various kinds of existing
sub-systems, and theutilization of information and communication technology.
At the micro level, bureaucratic reform must be conducted by each ministry,
agency and local government in eight different ways. Since its inception in 2006
at the Finance Ministry, bureaucratic reform is bound by the performance
allowance policy. However, this policy has many weaknesses, such as a poor
awareness among officials of the importance of real bureaucratic reform which is
still perceived as merely document requirements to earn
performance allowance.
Therefore, bureaucratic reform at the micro level (ministry and agency) will be
refined by applying a performance system that is based on individual performance
(pay for individual performance). Ministries and agencies are also encouraged to
use the Electronic Goods Procurement Service (LPSE) to enhance financial
efficiency that later can be used to pay performance allowance.

3. The ongoing bureaucratic reforms aim for the creation of an efficient and effective
government, competent and competitive state apparatus, an open, informative and
communicative technology-based government, and a participative government.
There have been nine bureaucratic reform acceleration programs set up to be
implemented until 2014. The bureaucratic reform acceleration program is directed
to minimize various basic bureaucratic problems.
The first is the organizational restructuring of ministries, agencies and local
governments, aimed at reducing the overlap among the structures. Organizational
restructuring will also be implemented through the reduction of echelon three and
four structures in a gradual and selective manner.
The second is the restructuring of the number and distribution of employees
through the recalculation of workloads and the need for a civil apparatus at each
government agency. New formation will depend on the reassessment of workload
and employee career planning.
The third is an open system of selection and promotion using technology and
assessment centers. The fourth is the enhancement of the apparatus’
professionalism through the setting of competency standards, competency tests,
competency-based training, performance measurements and the strengthening of
functional position. This system will be incorporated in an integrated competency-
based human resource management program.
The fifth is the strengthening of e-government through the creation of a
government resource management system that integrates planning, budgeting and
performance reporting systems.
The sixth is the improvement of the quality of services by developing public
service standards, public satisfaction index, as well as public complaints and
follow-up systems at the national level.
The seventh is the improvement of state apparatus accountability and integrity
systems through the integrity zone, namely extending the wealth report, code of
ethics enforcement, conflict of interest handling, whistle blower system, post-
employment policy, and the tracking of questionable account transactions.
The eighth is the improvement to payroll systems, welfare systems and retirement
systems for state apparatus.The ninth is the enhancement of government
efficiency by re-regulating matters concerning the use of infrastructure, such as
the office position and facilities.The realization of this basic acceleration strategy
will push bureaucratic reforms beyond rhetoric so as to build public trust in the
government and the state.
The writer is Deputy Administrative Reforms Minister

4. The Questions:
1. According on The reading. Could you make a conclusion based on your
knowledges in Bureaucratic and organization in social views?
2. Must every country in the world has a specific in Bureaucratic and
Organization?
3. Based on the reading, we knew that indonesia government has Faced at
least five major problems in Bureaucratic. According your opinion, can
you find the same criteria in five major problems above with
Bureaucratism criteria? Give some reasons on your answer.
4. Based on your knowledge about three types on Organization and
Bureaucratic. Can you put the social facts in the reading into one of three
types on Organization and Bureaucratic? Give the statement for strengthen
your opinion.

5. The Resume :
Baccelerating Bureaucratic Reform
Bureaucratic reform has been declared a priority during the administration of
President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Since the Cabinet reshuffle in October last
year, the administrative reforms minister has formulated a strategy to accelerate
bureaucratic reform phase 1 until 2014, refining what has been stipulated in the
Grand Design of Bureaucratic Reform 2025 as well as the Roadmap 2010-2014.
Indonesian bureaucracy is facing at least five major problems. The first is the
oversized organizational structure of ministries and agencies as well as local
governments, which not only causes severe inefficiency, but also the overlapping
and ineffectiveness in service, governance and development. The second problem
is the competence of the apparatus. Indonesian bureaucracy is suffering from
overstaffing and understaffing. The third problem is the mismatch between
various sub-systems of state administration, which includes the planning system,
budgeting system, good and service procurement system, delivery of public
service systems and performance accountability report systems. The fourth
problem is the poor quality of most public services. The fifth problem is the
overlapping laws both vertically and horizontally, which complicate coordination
and cooperation among government agencies at the central and local levels.
Bureaucratic reform acceleration strategies must therefore be directed toward
addressing and solving the five fundamental problems. At the macro level, the
government needs to improve various national regulation frameworks both in
forms of legislation and government regulation. At the micro level, bureaucratic
reform must be conducted by each ministry, agency and local government in eight
different ways.
There have been nine bureaucratic reform acceleration programs set up to be
implemented until 2014. The bureaucratic reform acceleration program is directed
to minimize various basic bureaucratic problems.
The first is the organizational restructuring of ministries, agencies and local
governments, aimed at reducing the overlap among the structures. The second is
the restructuring of the number and distribution of employees. The third is an
open system of selection and promotion using technology and assessment centers.
The fourth is the enhancement of the apparatus’ professionalism. The fifth is the
strengthening of e-government through the creation of a government resource
management system. The sixth is the improvement of the quality of services. The
seventh is the improvement of state apparatus accountability and integrity
systems. The eighth is the improvement to payroll systems.The ninth is the
enhancement of government efficiency by re-regulating matters concerning the
use of infrastructure.

6. The Answers in Bahasa Indonesia :
1. Birokrasi termasuk kedalam organisasi kompleks yang berkaitan dengan
lembaga pemerintah dan pelaksanaannya yang berbelit-belit dan kurang
tersusun secara rapi.
Organisasi adalah sebuah wadah untuk mengelompokan manusia yang
dibentuk untuk mencapai suatu tujuan tertentu dengan efektif dan efisien.
2. Harus, karena Negara merupakan suatu organisasi yang kompleks
sehingga dibutuhkan lembaga yang mengurusi segala urusan untuk
memenuhi kebutuhan warga negaranya agar mencapai suatu tujuan dengan
efektif dan efisien.
3. Birokratisme adalah tindakan pelaku birokrasi yang menyimpang atau
tidak sesuai dengan maksud dan tujuannya. Berdasarkan bacaan di atas,
yang termasuk ke dalam birokratisme yaitu terlalu besarnya struktur di
dalam lembaga birokrasi tersebut yang menyebabkan tidak efisien dan
efektif, para pelaku birokrasi yang kurang mumpuni dalam bidang
tersebut, dan banyak system yang masih buruk, seperti system
perencanaan, system pelayanan public, dan lain-lain.
4. Di dalam bacaan di atas ada terdapat beberapa fakta sosial diantaranya
jumlah para pelaku birokrasi yang tidak efektif dan juga kemampuannya
yang kurang mumpuni. Selain itu ada juga permasalahan tentang
kurangnya keefektifan system dalam pelayanan public, koordinasi antar
lembaga yang kurang baik, dan lain-lain.
Berdasarkan fakta-fakta sosial yang telah dijelaskan, bahwa dapat
disimpulkan bentuk organisasi dan birokrasinya adalah jejaring kolaborasi,
karena bentuk organisasi atau birokrasi tersebut mempunya tujuan yang
sama yaitu untuk mensejahterakan masyarakat, dan bentuk birokrasi ini
terdapat banyak pihak atau lembaga yang berbeda tetapi dalam mencapai
tujuannya pihak-pihak yang bersangkutan saling bekerjasama agar tujuan
tersebut dapat tercapai.