The byproduct of sericulture in different industries.pptx
Earth Quake
1. Earthquake Hazards and Safety An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The seismicity or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time. Earthquakes are measured using observations from seismometers
5. Interior Structure of Earth CRUST (0-100 KM ) The Earth's outermost surface is called the crust. The crust is relatively light and brittle. Most earthquakes occur within the crust. Scientists believe that below the lithosphere is a relatively narrow, mobile zone in the mantle called the asthenosphere (from asthenes, Greek for weak). MANTLE (100-2900 KM ) The region just below the crust and extending all the way down to the Earth's core is called the mantle. The mantle, a dense, hot layer of semisolid rock. Core (100-2900 KM ) Beneath the mantle is the Earth's core. The Earth's core consists of a fluid outer core and a solid inner core. Inner Core (2900-5100 Km) Outer Core (5100 -6378 Km)
7. What Causes Earthquake? The sudden slip at the fault causes the earthquake…….a violent shaking of the Earth when large elastic strain energy released spreads out through seismic waves that travel through the body and along the surface of the Earth.
8. Fault Earthquakes occur on faults. A fault is a thin zone of crushed rock between two blocks of rock, and can be any length, from centimeters to thousands of kilometers. When an earthquake occurs on one of these faults, the rock on one side of the fault slips with respect to the other. The fault surface can be vertical, horizontal, or at some angle to the surface of the earth. The slip direction can also be at any angle. We classify these into two basic cases: strikeslip and dip-slip motion.
9. General Characteristics Earthquake Vibration Earthquake vibrations occur in a variety of frequencies and velocities. The actual rupture process may last from a few seconds to as long as one minute for a major earthquake. Seismic waves generated by the rupture can last from several seconds to a few minutes. Ground shaking is caused by body waves and surface waves Depth of Earhquake Measurement Scale Deep (300-700 Km) Magnitude- Richter (Charles Richter) Measures the magnitude of the Intensity , degree of damage (Mercilli) Intermediate (300-60 Km) Shallow (60-0 Km)
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12. Increasing one whole unit on Richter Scale represents 10 times greater magnitude.