10. The Second: “It forms itself; it comes into existence and later ceases to exist.”
11. The Third: “It is natural; Nature necessitates and creates it.”
12. Indeed, since beings exist and this cannot be denied, and since each being comes into existence in a wise and artistic fashion,
13. and since each is not outside time but is being continuously renewed, then, O falsifier of the truth,
14. you are bound to say either that the causes in the world create beings, for example, this animal;
15. that is to say, it comes into existence through the coming together of causes, or that it forms itself, or that its coming into existence is a requirement and necessary effect of Nature
16. or that it is created through the power of One All-Powerful and All-Glorious.
17. Since reason can find no way apart from these four, if the first three are definitely proved to be impossible, invalid and absurd,
18. the way of Divine Unity, which is the fourth way, will necessarily and self-evidently and without doubt or suspicion, be proved true.
19. The First Way: Imagine there is a pharmacy in which there are hundreds of jars and phials filled with quite different substances.
31. Again, the ingredients have been taken from the jars in a particular measure so that if even the most minute amount too much or too little had been taken,