significance and isolation of phycocyanin from spirulina

1. Guide:
Dr. K. N. Gujar .h
Co guide : Mrs. V. M .Gambhire.
Presented By:
Mr. Mahesh A. Marathe.
M. Pharm. (Pharmaceutics Dep.)
Sem. III
Sinhgad College Of Pharmacy ,Pune

2. Marketed product
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3. First photosynthetic life from nature(3.6 billion years ago) .
Spirulina is Blue Green Algae (Cyanobacteria).
Produce higher all life forms to evolve and produce oxygen.
Spirulina is rich in proteins , vitamins and minerals.
One gram of Spirulina proteins equals to 1 kg of assorted
vegetables.
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P. Saranraj* and S. Sivasakthi ,SPIRULINA PLATENSIS – FOOD FOR FUTURE: A

4.  Spirulina is an interesting food rich in vitamins which can be
administered to children without risk.
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P. Saranraj* and S. Sivasakthi ,SPIRULINA PLATENSIS – FOOD FOR FUTURE: A

5. PHYCOCYANIN :
Water soluble blue pigment that gives Spirulina its bluish tint.
It is powerful water soluble antioxidants.
Spirulina plantesis is excellent source of phycocyanin.
Phycocyanin located in photosynthetic lamella in cytoplasm
membrane of Spirulina .
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7. 1) Spirulina helpful as Anti stress , Anti fatigue nutrient .and
also beneficial against Anxiety and depression .
2) Spirulina also used as skin cream to promote faster wound
healing.
3) Spirulina useful for pregnant and nursing mother.
4) Spirulina also useful for menopause.(hormonal balance)
5) Spirulina use for Aging process and prevention of Diabetes type 2.
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Amha Belay, PhD* , The Potential Application of Spirulina as a Nutritional and

9. ANTICANCER
F
O
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D
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T
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Y
C
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S
M
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D.PROTECT AGAINST RENAL FAILURE
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10. Homogenization
In organic and
inorganic acid
Freezing and Thawing
Cold Maceration
Sonication
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S.Sivasankari*, Naganandhini and David Ravindran ,”Comparison of Different Extraction

11. Enzymatic method
Thermal shock method
In Sodium phosphate
buffer
Other Methods…
S.Sivasankari*, Naganandhini and David Ravindran ,”Comparison of Different Extraction
methods for Phycocyanin Extraction and Yield from Spirulina platensis”,
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2014) 3(8) 904-909
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12. This method involves
crushing of cells using
mortar and pestle in
presence of acid washed
neutral sand using 50 mm
phosphate buffer at pH
6.8
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13. Thermic shock method
This method allowed pigment separation via density
gradient centrifugation with sucrose.
With the help of use of reverse phase chromatography it is
possible to achieve isolation up to 85% of phycocyanin.
Freeze thaw Method
This method use to achieve cell disruption via series of
freezing and thawing.
Freezing forms ice crystals and which expanded upon
thawing.
Verónica Cruz de Jesús1,et.al, Methods for Extraction, Isolation and Purification
phycocyanin: 50 years of Research in Review, International Journal of Food and
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14. Enzymatic Method
3-7gm of algae suspended in 30 ml of 0.1 M Na-phosphate
buffer (pH 7.0) containing 100 microgram lysozyme (enzyme).
Shaking bath at 300c for 24 hrs
Enzymatic destruction of cell wall
Centrifuged for 1 hr at 10000 rpm
Remove cell debris and collect clear blue colour supernatant.
 M. Muthulakshmi, A. Saranya, M. Sudha, and G. Selvakumar ,
Extraction, partial purification, and antibacterial activity of phycocyanin
from Spirulina isolated from fresh water body against various human
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15. Inorganic Acid Extraction
The procedure was carried out in the same way used in inorganic
acid extraction; in this case the wet biomass was treated with 1 M
of acetic acid at room temperature.
 The wet biomass was treated with different concentrations of
hydrochloric acid (2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 M) in the proportion 5:1 (g
biomass: mL inorganic acid) and then left for 24 hours at room
temperature.
Organic acid extraction
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16. Biomass was added to an ultrasonic bath (50 kHz) for 40
minutes with solvent (phosphate buffer or water)
Sonication Method
S.Sivasankari*, Naganandhini and David Ravindran ,”Comparison of Different Extraction methods
Phycocyanin Extraction and Yield from Spirulina platensis”, Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2014) 3(8)
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18. Conclusion
Freezing and thawing method yielded about 0.38 mg/g,
Homogenization using mortar and pestle yielded 0.06mg/g ,
Organic and inorganic acid treatment yielded up to 0.06 mg/g
and 0.28mg/g,
 Sodium phosphate buffer and yielded 0.25mg/g ,
Sonication yielded 0.02mg/g of phycocyanin.
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Drying methods were resulted in approximately 50% loss of
Phycocyanin.
Fresh wet biomass was suitable for phycocyanin extraction.

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Isolation of c- phycocyanin also done by combined chromato -
graphy techniques.
Cold maceration and freezing thawing method shows higher
efficiency than other methods.
It can be the excellent source of income generation for industry
 Spirulina is excellent natural source of essential nutrients.
Spirulina has wide range of natural treatment for various
diseases and in research area for discovery.
 Spirulina useful for athletes ,malnutrition ,cardiac diseases and
also as anti-inflammatory drug.

20. Yong Chang Seo 1, Woo Seok Choi 1, Jong Ho Park 2, Jin Oh
Park 2, Stable Isolation of Phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis
Associated with High-Pressure Extraction ProcessInt. J. Mol. Sci.
2013, 14, 1778-1787; doi:10.3390/ijms14011778
S.Sivasankari*, Naganandhini and David Ravindran ,”Comparison
of Different Extraction methods for Phycocyanin Extraction and Yield
from Spirulina platensis”, Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2014) 3(8) 904-
909
 M. Muthulakshmi, A. Saranya, M. Sudha, and G. Selvakumar ,
Extraction, partial purification, and antibacterial activity of
phycocyanin from Spirulina isolated from fresh water body against
various human pathogens, J. Algal Biomass Utln. 2012, 3 (3): 7– 11
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21. P. Saranraj* and S. Sivasakthi ,SPIRULINA PLATENSIS –
FOOD FOR FUTURE: A REVIEW, Asian Journal of
Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Vol 4 | Issue 1 | 2014 | 26-
33.
Verónica Cruz de Jesús1, Gabriel Alfonso Gutiérrez
Rebolledo2,et.al, Methods for Extraction, Isolation and Purification
of C-phycocyanin: 50 years of Research in Review, International
Journal of Food and Nutritional Science, Published Date: June 15,
2016
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