Computer networks,IP address and layered architecture notes

1. Mahesh Kodituwakku

2. Every computer or
devices on the internet
has unique number
assigned on it called an
IP Address.

3. Network Host

4. Class Range
Class A 1-126
Class B 128-191
Class C 192-223
Class D 224-239 Multicasting
Class E 240-255 Experiment

5. A public IP Address is any
valid address, or number,
that can be accessed over
the internet.

6. A private IP Address is any
number or address
assigned to the device on a
private TCP/IP Local Area
Network that is accessible
only within the LAN.
Private IP

8. OSI 7 Layer Five layer architecture
and the 4 layer TCP/IP are the most
popular network architectures. 5
layer architecture is a model that
represents how layered architecture
is working.

10.  To reduce the complexity of data
network design, implementation and
maintenance to manageable size, most
networks use a layered architecture

11.  Is there a limitation of using layers.?
 There is no natural law or scientific
principal that would dictate an exact
number of layers.

12. Layered Network Architecture
Layer 4/5
interface
Layer 3/4
interface
Layer 2/3
interface
Layer 1/2
interface
Layer 5
Layer 4
Layer 3
Layer 2
Layer 1
Host 1 Host 2
Layer 5
Layer 4
Layer 3
Layer 2
Layer 1
Physical Transmission Medium
Layer 1 Protocol
Layer 2 Protocol
Layer 3 Protocol
Layer 4 Protocol
Layer 5 Protocol

13. Freeze Interface

14. Information Flow and Protocol Hierarchy
Source machine Destination
machine
M M
MH4MH4
M1H4H3 M1H4H3M2H3 M2H3
H2 T2M1H4H3H2 T2M1H4H3
H2 T2M2H3 H2 T2M2H3
Layer 5 protocol
Layer 3 protocol
Layer 2 protocol
Layer 4 protocol
Layer 1 protocol

15. 5 LAYER Vs OSI 7 LAYER

16. 5 Layer Architecture
Model
OSI 7 Layer
Architecture
Layers are name with
layer numbers
Eg:-Layer1,Layer2…
Layers are name with
name according to its
functions
No data communication
Standards
Many Standards in OSI
Only add Headers in each
layers passing Data
Add headers and divided
in to packets

17. Not using protocols Use many protocol
No separate functions
like OSI
Each layer has different
functions
No end users in layer
architecture
End users in 7 layer OSI
Never discuss
capitulation ,De-
capitulation,
Fragmentation and De-
Fragmentation
Each layer has
capitulation ,De-
capitulation,
Fragmentation and De-
Fragmentation……
It is only a model OSI is a working model
that develop using 5
layer model