Latin: Laxare:- means to -loosen Laxatives are the drugs which loose the bowels (intestine) Depending upon the intensities of drug effects they are categorized as follows- Laxatives: suggest the elimination of soft formed stools (mild purgatives) ex. Senna, isapgol, liquid paraffin Purgatives: suggest more fluid evaluation ex. Castor oil, aloe, rhubarb, cascara Drastics: act intensely by irritating the mucous membrane of intestine ex. Jalap, podophyllum, colocynth Hydrogogues: produce fluid motions ex. croton oil, colocynth

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2. A SEMINAR ONA SEMINAR ON
“Laxatives”
Presented byPresented by
MAHARUDRA S. RAKHMAHARUDRA S. RAKH
M. PHARM ., M.B.AM. PHARM ., M.B.A
E- mail: rmspharma@gmail.com
PHARMACOGNOSYPHARMACOGNOSY
First yearFirst year

3. LAXATIVES
Latin: Laxare:- means to -loosen
Laxatives are the drugs which loose the bowels (intestine)
Depending upon the intensities of drug effects they are
categorized as follows-
1. Laxatives: suggest the elimination of soft formed stools (mild
purgatives) ex. Senna, isapgol, liquid paraffin
2. Purgatives: suggest more fluid evaluation ex. Castor oil, aloe,
rhubarb, cascara
3. Drastics: act intensely by irritating the mucous membrane of
intestine ex. Jalap, podophyllum, colocynth
4. Hydrogogues: produce fluid motions ex. croton oil, colocynth
The mechanism of action of laxatives may be either bulk
forming, irritant or emolllient depending upon the chemical
nature of active constituent.rmspharma@gmail.com @maharudra rakh

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5. Identification
mixes with half its volume of light petroleum ether (40
- 60°)
soluble in alcohol and insoluble in mineral oil
Uses
cathartic, lubrication, soap and textile industry,
in preparation of paints, enamel, varnishes, grease,
polishes, printing ink, spirit
in preparation of ointments, creams and polishes
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8. Synonyms: isapgol, isabgol
Biological source:
It consists of dried seeds of the plant known as Plantogo
ovata Forskal belonging to family Plantaginaceae.
Geographical distribution:
In india mainly in gujarat, punjab, south rajasthan.
Morphological characteristics:
Colour: pinkish-grey or brown
Odour: none
Taste: mucilaginous, bland
Shape: ovate like
Size: 10-35mm length and 1 to 1.75mm in width
ISPAGHUL
A
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9. Chemical constituents:
Contain mucilage, pentosan, sldobionic acid, rhamnose,
fixed oil, and proteins
Uses:
Demulcent, laxative, emollinent, dysentery, in prep
tablets and as stabilizer in icecream industry, in
rheumatic pains
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