Since the Central Asian Republics attained independence from the Soviet Union in the early 1990’s (1991) ,Central Asian states have assumed great significance in Pakistan foreign policy considerations. Central Asia comprises five independent republics; Kazakhstan,Krgyzstan,Uzbekistan,Turkmenistan and Tajikistan.

2. INTRODUCTION
• Since the Central Asian Republics attained
independence from the Soviet Union in the early 1990’s
(1991) , Central Asian states have assumed great
significance in Pakistan foreign policy considerations.
• Central Asia comprises five independent republics;
Kazakhstan,Krgyzstan,Uzbekistan,Turkmenistan and
Tajikistan .

3. PAKISTANANDCENTRAL ASIANCOUNTRIES

4. GEOGRAPHIC IMPORTANCE

5. TAJIKISTAN
• Relations between the two states were established
when the Republic of Tajikistan became independent
following collapse of the USSR.
• Trade and cooperation has steadily grown between the
two nations, with several summits being held on how to
improve bilateral trade.
.

6. KAZAKHSTAN
• Kazakhstan is sandwiched at the crossroads of Asia and
Europe.
• Kazakhstan-Pakistan relations refer to the bilateral relations
between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Islamic Republic
of Pakistan. Moreover, Relations between the two countries
were established during an official visit by Kazakhstan
President Nursultan Nazarbayev to Pakistan. Since then It is
going to be an emerging market for Pakistani goods.

7. KYRGYZSTAN
• Kyrgyzstan is west of the People’s Republic of
China.
• Relations between the two countries were
established on 20th Dec, 1991 shortly after
Kyrgyzstan became independent from the Soviet
Union.
• Diplomatic relations were formally established on
10th May, 1992.

8. UZBEKISTAN
• Uzbekistan is located North to Turkmenistan and
Afghanistan.
• Relations between both of countries are the foreign
relations and established when Republic of Uzbekistan
became independent following the collapse of the
USSR.

9. TURKMENISTAN
• Turkmenistan bordering the Caspian Sea to the West, Iran and
Afghanistan to the South.
• Relations between the two countries were established after
Turkmenistan became independent from the Soviet Union.
Pakistan was one of the only countries to recognize the
independence of Turkmenistan in Dec 1991.
• Formal diplomatic relations were established on 10th May 1992.
• Pakistan has accorded approval to Turkmenistan for access to
the warm water Gwader Port as well as Iran and Russia, thus
providing Turkmenistan direct access to the Arabian Sea.

10. 1. ECO, PAKISTAN& CENTRAL ASIAN
COUNTRIES
• Pakistan and central Asian States are also the
members of Economic Cooperation
organization(ECO), it provides a good opportunity for
the Heads of State and Government to meet.
• Bilateral meetings on the sidelines offer a closer
focus on bilateral relations.

11. ECONOMICCOOPERATION ORG.
• Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), is an
intergovernmental regional organization established in 1985
by Iran, Pakistan and Turkey for the purpose of promoting
economic, technical and cultural cooperation among the
Member States.
• MEMBERS Islamic Republic of Afghanistan,
Republic of Azerbaijan, Republic of Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan Republic, Republic of Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan and Republic of Uzbekistan.

12. 2. COMMONSECURITY POLICY
• ECO may help in adopting a common security
policy on similar grounds as pursued by EU in the
European States combating religious Extremism
and Terrorism.

13. 3.TRADE ANDECONOMIC COOPERATION
• Pakistan should concentrate on the economic and
trade ties with CA States.
• An important agreement has been concluded with
Germany for a rail-road, this would open the rich
mineral deposits of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan for
exploration and export by Pakistan.

14. 4.DIRECT AIR LINK
• The expansion of PIA’s air network to Tashkent in
Uzbekistan and Alma Ata in Kazakhstan is a
major step forward in cementing ties with these
two states. The PIA has finalized plans for air
services to the capitals of the other three Central
Asian States.

15. 5.ESTABLISHMENTOF JOINT ECONOMIC
COMMISSION
• Pakistan developed institutionalized arrangement
to promote cooperation in the economic and
commercial fields. For this purpose Joint Economic
Commission(JECs) have been established with all
the Central Asian States.

16. MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE FOREIGN POLICY WITH CA
STATES
• Pakistan-An attraction of shortest Land Route.
• Encourage Mutual Trade.
• Better Port Facilities for Handling the Transit Trade.
• Speedy Implementation of Projects.
• Expertise in Banking System to be Shared.
• Joint Shipping Company to be established.

17. MEASURES TOIMPROVE THE FOREIGN POLICY WITH CA
STATES
• Gwader Port-An Asset for Pakistan and the Central
Asian States.
• Trade via the Land Route.
• Cheap Air Cargo Services.
• Dynamic Railway Network.
• Business Encouragement.
• Improves Regional Security is to be improve

18. ANY QUESTION ?
NO ?
THANK YEW !!!!

19. BY:
Madeeha Saeed
CS – Software Engineering
PMAS UAAR UIIT - Pakistan