2. INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF FLOORING-PROS AND
CONS
CONCRETE FLOORING
TILING AND TYPES OF TILES
FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED
WHILE CHOOSING TILES FOR
FLOORING
LAYING AND SECTIONS
SAFETY MEASURES
3. oFLOORING IS THE GENERAL TERM FOR A
PERMANENT COVERING OF A FLOOR.
oTO PROVIDE A FINISHED WORKING SURFACE.
oIT CONSISTS OF A SUBFLOOR WHICH SUPPORTS
THE FINISHED FLOORING MATERIAL.
oSPECIAL PURPOSE OF SUBFLOORS
FLOOTING FLOORS
RAISED FLOORS
SPRUNG FLOORS
5. • BEAUTIFUL
• WARM
• SOFT ON FEET
• FAIRLY DURABLE
• LONGLASTING if properly sealed
and maintained
• CAN BE REFINISHED
• AVAILABILITY -TYPES OF WOODS
AND HUES
• CAN BE PAINTED OR STAINED
• SUSPECTIBLE TO WATER DAMAGE
• DARKNESS WITH AGE
• EXPENSIVE TO VERY EXPENSIVE
• SOFTER WOODS CAN DUST EASILY
• WATER AND SPILLS NEED TO BE CLEANED IMMEDIADTLY
6. • DURABLE
• EASY TO MAINTAIN
• SCRATCH RESISTANT
• AVAILABILITY-WIDE RANGE OF COLORS AND DESIGNS
• COLOR AND GRAIN UNIFORMITY
• CAN BE INSTALLED OVER OLD FLOORING
• AFFORDABLE
• GOOD CHOICE FOR DAMP AND BELOW GRADE AREAS
• EASY INSTALLATION
• GOOD CHOICE FOR DO IT YOURSELFERS
• CANNOT BE REFINISHED IF DAMAGED
• SOME CAN BE VERY EXPENSIVE
7. • SOFT AND WARM
• WIDE ARRAY OF COLORS AND PATTERNS
• GREAT TEXTURE
• EASY TO INSTALL
• AFFORDABLE
• AVAILABLE IN TILES OR INTERLOCKING PLANKS(FOR FLOATING FLOOR)
• OPTION OF UNFINISHED OR POLY URETHANE-SEALED
• GREEN MATERIAL
• MUST BE SEALED
• NOT DURABLE
• NOT EASY TO CLEAN
• MAY NOT BE GOOD CHOICE FOR “ROUGH FAMIL
8. • WARM
• EASY ON FEET
• LOTS OF COLORS,STYLES,DESIGNS,PATTERNS AVAILABLE
• SLIP RESISTANT
• AFFORDABLE
• APPROPIATE FOR DRIER CLIMATES ONLY
• COLLECTS DIRT AND MOISTURE WHICH CAN TURN INTO MILDEW
• WALL TO WALL CARPETING IS NOT A GOOD CHOICE FOR PEOPLE WITH DUST AL
• HARD TO CLEAN
9. • AVAILABLE IN DIFFERENT COLORS,SHAPES,SIZES AND PATTERNS
• DURABLE IF WELL MADE
• GLAZED TILES ARE MOISTURE AND STAIN RESISTANT
• EASY TO MAINTAIN
• VERY AFFORDABLE
• EASY FOR DO IT YOURSELFERS
• COLD
• HARD ON FEET
• CAN CRACK OR CHIP
• DIFFICULT TO REPAIR
• GLOSSY FINISHED TILES ARE SLIPPERY WHEN WET
10. • BEAUTIFUL
• DURABLE
• MANY COLORS AND PATTERNS AVAILABLE
• NEARLY INDISTRACTABLE
• TUMBLED OR HONED FINISHED GIVE GOOD TRACTION
• GRANITE IS THE STRONGEST
• COLD
• HARD ON FEET
• VERY EXPENSIVE STATE IS MORE AFFORDABLE BUT CAN BE ROUGH A
• GLOSSY FINISHES ARE SLIPPERY WHEN WET
• GLOSSY FINISHES MUST BE POLISHED REGULARLY
• HEAVY
• NEED A STRONGER SUB-FLOOR
• MARBLE WILL BE DAMAGED BY CHLORINE
• MARBLE,LIMESTONE,SLATE ABSORBS DIRT
11. • AFFORDABLE
• DURABLE
• WATER RESISTANT
• STAIN RESISTANT
• LOW MAINTENANCE
• EASY TO INSTALL
• CAN CREATE PATTERNS WITH TILES,STYLES AND COLORS
• PRONE TO DENTS AND TEARS
• MOISTURE CAN GET INTO SEAMS LEADING TO MILDEW
• SLIPPERY WHEN WET
• CAN BECOME DULL EASILY
• NEED WAXING REGULARLY
12. • WIDE RANGE OF COLORS
• DURABLE
• BIO-DEGRADABLE
• HYGENIC
• ANTI-STATIC
• THIS IS A GREEN PRODUCT
• POROUS
• NEED TO BE WAXED OR POLISHED FROM TIME TO TIME
• STRONG OVERALL BUT DIFFICULT TO REPAIR
13. CONCRETE FLOORING,NO LONGER HAS TO BE GRAY AND BORING
• MAJOR BENEFITS-AFFORDIBILITY,COST EFFECTIVE
• MAJOR ATTRACTION-EASE OF MAINTAINANCE
PEOPLE ARE DRAWN TO CONCRETE FLOORS BECAUSE OF:
o THEIR WIDE COLOR PALLET(WARM AND EARTHY TONES
o THEY ENHANCE THE INTEGRITY OF ARCHITECT’S DESIGNS.
o EASY TO CHANGE
o THEY ARE GREAT IN REGIONS WITH LOT OF SAND OR SNOW
o GOOD ALTERNATIVE TO CARPETS
15. MANUFACTURED PIECE OF HARD-WEARING MATERIAL (LIKE: CERAMIC, STONE, METAL OR
GLASS)
MAINLY USED TO COVER ROOFS, FLOORS, WALLS, SHOWERS, SURFACE TOPS AND COUNTERS
AND MANY MORE.
WIDE VARITIES IN TERMS OF ITS MATERIAL USED, PURPOSE OF USE, SHAPES ETC.
CAN BE MADE OUT OF SOME OTHER MATERIALS (LIKE: GLASS, MARBLE, ONYX, GRANITE, SLATE
ETC.)
TILING
16. VITRIFIED TILES AND ITS TYPES
VITRIFIED TILES:
CERAMIC TILE WITH VERY LOW POROSITY
POPULAR IN USE
ALTERNATIVE TO MARBLE AND GRANITE
VERY MUCH DURABLE
COST DEPENDS UPON MASS PRODUCTION, MATERIAL USED FOR GLAZING
CAN BE CLASSIFIED FURTHER AS: DOUBLE/MULTI CHARGED, FULL BODY, GLAZED, DIGITALIZED
17. DOUBLE/MULTI CHARGED:
FED THROGH A PROCESS THAT PRINTS PATTERNS WITH DOUBLE LAYER OF PIGMENT
3-4MM THICKER THAN OTHER TYPES OF TILES
NO COMPLEX PATTERNS
SUITABLE FOR HEAVY TRFFIC PROJECTS
RESULTS IN A LONG WEARING TILE SURFACE
FULL BODY:
HAVE PIGMENT IN ENTIRE BODY
MAKES CHIPS & SCRATCHES LESS NOTICEABLE
IDEAL FOR HIGH TRAFFIC ZONES
GLAZED:
HAVE A GLAZED SURFACE
WIDE VARIETY OF DESIGN, ART WORK, AND SURFACE TEXTURES
EXPENSIVE PROCESS
DIGITALIZED:
MOST COMMONLY USED TECHNIQUE
LESSER IN EXPENSE COMPARED TO OTHERS
EASIER IN THE MAKING
18. WATER ABSORPTION
QUALITY AND THICKNESS OF GLAZE
WALL AND FLOOR TILES
AESTHETICS
FUNCTION
COST
19. PREPARING FOR INSTALLATION
SAFETY MEASURES
REMOVAL OF EXISTING TILES
CLEAN AND DRY FLOOR
USE OF LONG LEVEL TO MAKE SURE THE FLOOR AREA IS LEVEL
INSPECT THE TILES
MEASURE LENGTH AND WIDTH OF THE FLOOR
SET A LEVEL
20. LAYING
PUT TILES IN DESIRED PATTERN
GROUT (MORTAR) IS PUT UPTO LEVEL
CUT IN REQUIRED SHAPE
THEN CEMENT SLURRY
TILE
ADDING THE FINISHING TOUCHES
PUTTY BETWWEN TILES
CLEANING
21. • TO PREVENT PERSONAL INJURIES
• DO NOT PERMIT UNAUTHORISED
PEOPLE
• DO NOT WELD IN BUILDING WITH
WOODEN FLOORS
• REMOVE ALL FLAMABLE MATERIALS
• MARK ALL THE HOT METAL AFTER
WELDING IS DONE