Indigenous health systems in Pakistan include bone setters, Sufis, palmists, astrologists, jogis, spiritual leaders, herbal medication, and household treatment. Bone setters would set fractures and treat joint/muscle pain. Sufis would perform rituals and blessings for diseases. Palmists and astrologists would diagnose illness and predict the future by reading palms and astrology. Jogis specialized in treating snake bites. Spiritual leaders and herbalists treated using religion and plants/herbs. Household treatment utilized family healthcare knowledge. These traditional systems remain utilized due to their availability and affordability for much of Pakistan's rural population.

2. M.USAMA MANSOOR

3. Indigenous Health System in Pakistan
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4. What is Health?

5. WHO defines Health as
Health is a state of complete
Physical
Mental
& Social Wellbeing
& not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity

6. What is System?

7. A set of principles
or
procedures according to
which something is done
an organized scheme
or
method
"a multiparty system of government"

8. What is Health System?

9. A health system, also sometimes
referred to as health care
system or healthcare system is
The organization of people
Institutions
&
Resources to deliver health care services to meet the
health needs of target populations

10. According to WHO
A health system consists of all
organizations
people and actions whose primary
intent is to promote
This includes efforts to influence
determinants of health as well
as more direct health-improving
activities

11. A health system is therefore more than the pyramid of
publicly owned facilities that deliver personal health
services
It includes
For example
A mother caring for a sick child at home
Private providers
Behaviour change programmes

12. Vector-control campaigns
Health insurance organizations
Occupational health and
safety legislation
It includes inter-sectorial
action by health staff

13. For example
Encouraging the ministry of
education to promote female
education
A well-known determinant of
better health

14. What is Indigenous Health System?

15. Indigenous Health System refers
A system that encompases of
using ancient methods of
curing a disease
For Example
To cure a person from Flu hakeems
advised to take one table spoon of
Lauk-e-Spistan thrice a day

16. History of Pre Indigenous Health System in
Pakistan

17. The history of Pre Indigenous health
system begins with
The migration of different civilizations in
subcontinent
Use of different techniques for
medication goes back to earlier settlers

18. The use of herbs to cure different
diseases start as early as 7000 BCE
Aryan tribe was one of the earlier
settlers in the subcontinent
Both ailments physical and
mental were used to be treated
through
Different ceremonies
Attractions
Songs
Medicines and Surgical invention

19. Different religions like
Jainism
Buddhism
Islam
&
Hinduism
Talk about
techniques use
to cure
diseases

20. In Qur’an different things are mentioned
to cure different disease such as,
Nigella Seeds which are
used to treat cardiac
patients, constipation and
many other diseases

21. Indigenous Health System in Jainism

22. In Jainism Garuda is the name
used for yoga of self-discipline
and discipline of mind
Body and speech
So that even earth
Water
Fire and air
Can come under one’s control

23. Buddhism Buddha is the doctor
Knowledge of the Dharma is the medicine
Monastic as the nursing staff
And all people as the patients

24. According to this medical analogy
Buddhism is considered a
medication with a broad
meaning
medication that can cure the
ailments in all aspects of life

25. Indigenous Health System in Hinduism

26. Archaic Hindu Medicine
in its earliest context is
found mostly in
The hymns of
Atharva Veda
And the Vedic term
‘beshhaja’, used to donate
medicinal charms

27. Which occurs also in Avesta as
baesazya
It is a ‘psychosomatic’
approach to healing a part of
philosophical system

28. History Indigenous Health System in Pakistan

29. Pakistan became an
independent state
Most of the population that
migrated to Pakistan was
associated with the profession
of agriculture
Despite growing regular crops
they also grew herbs

30. Because they were familiar
with their use for different
treatments such as,
Fever
Influenza
Hepatites,etc.

31. Because they were at home in treating
people with different diseases using the
herbs
They were declared as,
Hakeem
This is how profession of
Hikmat emerged in Pakistan

32. Household Treatment is
another type indigenous
treatment being popular in
Pakistani rural areas
The elders of the house were
considered as experts
They use to tell different
tips to cure diseases

33. For Example
If a child is suffering from ear
pain
They will advise to fry the
clove in Mustard oil
And fill the effected
ear with warm
mustard oil

34. Games were a source of rejoicement
in Pakistan at the time of
independence
The games that were played
in Pakistan mainly include
Hockey
Horse Riding
Wrestling and Gully rod

35. In the rural and urban areas
there were many
wrestling rings
Different wrestling matches
were organized at that time
For this wrestlers have to
drill regularly
Through these drills they
became familiar with the
formation of body structure

36. It was this knowledge that
enables them to manipulate
a bone
Not only they manipulate a
bone but also they were able
to provide treatment to the
patient with inflammation of
muscles and joints pain
For Example
They provide an oil of Ratan
Jog for the treatment of Joint
pains to their patients

37. Before independence there was
Hinduism and other religions that
were practiced at large
But after the evaded by
Muhammad Bin Qasim Islam
has entered the subcontinent
and Sindh was declared Babul
Islam
When the Sufi’s entered the
subcontinent many people
started switching to Islam

38. The main Sufi’s of the subcontinent includes,
Data Sahib
Musa Pak
Lal Shehbaz Qalendar
Shah Abdul Latif Bhattai
and many more

39. The affiliation of their disciples
was so strong that they for
each their single wish visit
their shrines
And
Promise that if their desire
will be fulfilled they will
provide food to the desiples
present at the shrine
It was practiced without
visiting shrines as, If Allah will
fulfil my desire I will offer
prayers five times a day at
mosque

40. Mostly Pakistani’s while working at
their farms was habitual of
becoming victim of snakebite
At that time the people who
were responsible for treating
the patients with snakebite
was Jogis
Jogi is people that have an art
to caught snakes. They take
out the poison from the body
of the affected by using
Prickly Gem, Snow Hail and
herbs

41. Astrologist was there in large
number
And many village people visits
them because of their
illiteracy
And strong belief on them
regularly to know about their
future and how they can
overcome to the evils,
diseases they will face in
future

42. The Astrologist use asks them about their
Birth date
City of birth
And mother name
Then predicts the
future of a person

43. Similarly if a person has fallen ill
And he visited an Astrologist
He will diagnose that you fall
ill because there is the dark
shadow of a person on you
If you have to avoid this
shadow you have to follow my
instructions

44. Palmist was another source of
treatment for the people of
Pakistan
Many villager and citizens use
to visit palmist to know about
their future and ailment and
how it can be cure using holy
beliefs
These palmists than judge
the illness by studying the
lines of hand and suggest the
treatment though holy book

45. Among many other indigenous
treatment one was Spiritual
treatment
It was performed by spiritual
persons
They used to treat a patient
in the light of Qur’an and
Sunnah

46. Mainly they used to treat the patients
with mental disease such as,
Insomnia
Shizrophenea
Paranoia, etc
They perform their treatment at
Mausoleum

47. Types of Indigenous Treatments in Pakistan

48. Following are the types of indigenous Treaters in
Pakistan
•Bone Setter
•Sufi
•Palmist

49. • Astrologist
•Jogi
•Spiritual Leader

50. • Herbal Medication
•Household Treatment

51. Bone Setter

52. A bonesetter is a practitioner
of joint manipulation
Before the introduction of the
allopathic treatment of bone
The main source to treat a
person with fracture was
bonesetters
These bone setters were at
home in joining the fractured
part of the body

53. They also provide the
treatment for the joints
and muscle pain
These bonesetters were
mainly the wrestlers
They were the one who was
most familiar with the bone
formation as they use to drill
and while wrestling they use
to touch the different part of
the body

54. Through which they became at
home in treating the patient
with
Fracture
Joint pain

55. These bonesetters were found
in large number in Gujranwala
and its suburbs
Even now bonesetters
practice in the few areas of
Pakistan which includes
Lahore

56. Sufi

57. Sufi is religious personalities
that were close to Allah
and were the main source
to enlighten the key points
of Qur’an and Sunnah
Many disciples were attached
with them
When any family
member of disciple fall ill
they use to appear in
front of Sufi

58. These Sufi’s perform tails and
blessing for different diseases
such as,
Fever
Cancer
Ulcers,etc

59. Even when they demise from the
world and their shrine are built
Their disciples visit their
shrines regularly and what so
ever they beg beside the shrine
of the Sufi they make promises
that if they will be cured from
their diseases they will provide
Food to the
disciples present at
shrine

60. Built mosque
Help a needy
Pray nafals, etc

61. Even today thousands of deciples
visit Shrines for the fulfilment
of their desires
For Example
Smallpox is common in
Pakistan in children

62. Many disciples whom children
have small pox use to visit
shrines and beg for the
betterment of health of their
child
They tie thread in the grid of the tree
Promise they will fulfil the need of
the needy

63. Provide food to dispel of the shrine
Provide household things to a poor

64. Palmist

65. Palmist is a person who was at
home in reading the fate line
He uses to describe the
future to a person
These palmists than describe
the future along with the
reason why they are

66. Facing hardships
Ailments and show them a
way to get rid of them

67. Along with Islam many
religions were practised
in the subcontinent
Before the independence
of Pakistan Hindu’s and
Muslims were living
together they follow many
traditions
One of the traditions was
showing hand to a Palmist

68. Even today many people
have firm belief on these
palmist commonly known
as, ‘amil’

69. These palmists are mainly
found in the rural areas of
Punjab
Sindh
KPK
and Baluchistan

70. Mainly palmists are
practising in the urban
areas of Pakistan
Mainly they treat the
mental diseases such
as,
They treat different
diseases by reading
the fate line

71. Shizrophenea
Paranoia
Insomnia, etc

72. These palmists are
Bengali Baba
Sadiq Malik
Ali Baba

73. Astrologist

74. Astrologist is a person that
treats the patient using the
knowledge of stars
i.e.
Scorpio
Virgo
Leo

75. Gemini
Cancer
Capricorn, etc

76. All they require is
Date of birth
Place of birth
And name of mother

77. They treat them be warning them
the time of hardship and tactics
to overcome the diseases
For example
Virgo is said
To govern the hands

78. Abdomen
Intestines
Spleen and central
nervous system

79. Illnesses to which its natives are prone
include
Catarrh
Cold
Coughs
Pleurisies
Pneumonia and nervous instabilities

80. Their natures make them
inclined to worry and this
makes them vulnerable to
stomach and bowel
troubles, including colic
and ulcers
Both sexes are strongly
interested in
Drugs and esoteric cuisine

81. Male Virgoans may have
trouble with their sexual
organs
As their delicate stomachs
require them to be careful
about their diet
It is essential that they
treat their fascination with
exotic food with extreme
care

82. The main astrologists in the Pakistan
are,
Mian Naeem
Naseeb Hassan Shah

83. Syed Azim Jaffery
Mamu
Liaqat Sabtain, etc

84. Spiritual Leader

85. A person that treat the
patient in the light of
Qur’an and Sunnah
Mainly they treat the
Cardiac patient

86. Patients with mental disorders
such as,
Shizrophenea
Paranoia
Insomnia

87. For the treatment of cardiac patient
with closed arteries they advise to
use
One cup lemon juice
One cup ginger juice

88. One cup apple vinegar
Stir them in a in a pot on light
heat for half an hour

89. Cool it then add three cups honey
Take this solution with an empty stomach
Three table spoon every day

90. Most of these spiritual leaders are
Sufi’s
They are attached to this
profession from their
forefathers like,
Peer Syed Gillani Sahib

91. Syed Sultan Akbar Ali Shah
Chotey Peer Sahib
Many rural people have
firm belief on them

92. Herbal Medication

93. Most of the people in Pakistan are
associated with the profession of
agriculture
They use to grow different crops
such as,
Cotton

94. Rice
Wheat
Sugarcane
Vegetables, etc

95. Along with these crops many herbs
were grown
Whenever they fall ill they
harvest them and use them
for the treatment of different
diseases
Like
Typhoid Fever

96. Fever
Stomach ache
Loose stools, etc

97. The use of honey for cough with
ginger juice
Use for corn’s hair for kidney
and many more
The person that is associated
with this profession is called
Hakim

98. They have made their Dawakhana’s
Most of them are very famous
like,
Hamdard Dawakhana
Qarshi Dawakhana
Dawakhana Hakim
Suleman Khan, etc.

99. Household Treatment

100. Household Treatment is another
type aboriginal treatment being
general in Pakistani rural areas
The chiefs of the family were
well-thought-out as specialists
They use to tell different tips
to remedy diseases
Fill the effected ear with warm
mustard oil

101. For Example
If a child is suffering from ear pain
They will advise to fry
the clove in Mustard
oil
They will advise to fry the
clove in Mustard oil

102. Jogi

103. Jogi is person that has an art to caught
snakes
They take out the poison from
the body of the affected by
using
Prickly Gem
Snow Hail and herbs
Mostly Pakistani’s while
operational at their
homesteads was customary of
becoming prey of snakebite

104. At that phase the creature who was
liable for handling the patients with
snakebite was Jogis

105. Conclusion

106. The poverty in the Pakistan is
approx. 66%
Most of the population lives in
the rural areas
As the modern health system
is expensive

107. They prefer indigenous health
treatment
Which includes the above
mentioned mode of
treatment
There is a need to overcome
the weaknesses in the health
system of Pakistan

108. There is a need to revisit the health
policy being run in Pakistan
So that the poor unhealthy
people can rejoice their lives
fruitfully