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Day1 - Cables & Connectors
- 1. PROVIDE MULTIMEDIA SUPPORT AUDIO VISUAL CABLES and CONNECTORS
- 2. COAXIAL CABLE used in video & audio communications has high bandwidths greater transmission capacity
- 3. DIGITAL AUDIO COAXIAL CABLE Uses S/PDIF Interface transport digital audio signals [e.g. PCMM, Dolby Digital, DTS] from CDs or DVD players and an AV receiver or Surround Sound Preamp/Processor.
- 5. RCA (MALE & FEMALE) CONNECTORS
- 6. RCA CONNECTORS JACK (female connector) PLUG (male connector)
- 7. (RCA) A/V CABLES Typical composite [video] cable Typical Audio cables
- 8. (RCA) COMPOSITE A/V CABLES
- 9. S- VIDEO CABLE & CONNECTOR S-VIDEO CABLE S-VIDEO CONNECTOR
- 10. COMPONENT CABLE Also known as YPbPr. Video signal is split into 3 channels: Y = Luminance; Pb= difference between Blue and Luminance Pr = difference between red and the luminance
- 11. VGA CABLE
- 12. VGA CONNECTORS Male 15 pins Female port
- 13. DVI CONNECTORS 29 Slots (on equipment) 29 Pins (end of cable)
- 14. HDMI CABLE
- 15. HDMI CONNECTOR
- 16. TOSLINK CABLE transmits digital audio signals between multiple devices utilizing optical fibers or quartz glass fibers that is visible as red light.
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Majority of what will be shown here are in your hand-outs. You may jot down some important points that are not covered in your hand-outs. I was told not to use much of soft copies as instructional aide so I’m just utilising some of the leftover hand outs from my predecessor CLICK SLIDE 2..
- This type of cable is widely used in video, communications, and audio. This cable has high bandwidths and greater transmission capacity. The centre conductor, usually made of copper or copper-clad-steel, carries the signal, and after a layer of a non-conductive insulation, is again surrounded by another concentric physical channel/conductor, usually made of copper braids or foil shield. This outer conductor serves as a ground and shields against electromagnetic interference. Both conductors run along the same axis, hence the name ‘coaxial’. The outer conductor is again encased in a PVC jacket. A coaxial cable is composed of: Outer plastic sheath, Woven copper shield, Inner dielectric insulator, Copper core As you can see from the picture, there are two conductors separately enclosed/protected by insulations. If the insulation is damaged or misaligned, the two conductors may not be evenly spaced, resulting in signal disruptions. Standard Coaxial cables are usually thick with male connector ends that is either screwed on or pushed onto a female socket/connector of a device. Examples of Coaxial connectors include RCA-type, phone connector-type, BNC type, RG-type, F or RF types. [SHOW CLASS PHYSICAL EXAMPLE OF COAXIAL RF CABLE…THEN READ BELOW NOTES….] Examples of coaxial cables are: those used by telephone companies from their central office to the telephone poles near users; use for Ethernet and other types of local area network, used with TVantennaes, projectors, Cable TV / Satellite / Antenna and RF (Radio Frequency) Connections. TAKE NOTE:. The term coaxial (or coax) is often used to describe the cables for connecting antennas, cable TV feeds, and satellite dishes to your home theatre. There is also a coxial cable that is completely of a different function, it’s called a Digital Audio Coaxial [CLICK SLIDE 3…]
- This uses S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interconnect Format Interface] is a single cable to transport digital audio signals [e.g. PCMM, Dolby Digital, DTS] from a source device such as CD or DVD player, or a subwoofer to an AV receiver for your stereo/home theatre system. A single digital coaxial cable carries all available audio channels e.g. the 5.1-channel surround sound signals It shares the same characteristics to that of a shielded coaxial cable you use to connect your television to your cable box (i.e. 2 separately shielded channels in one axis) but has an RCA-type male connectors (on both ends of the cable).. [PAUSE … .THEN CLICK SLIDE 4]
- An RCA cable is round cable used to transmit ANALOG audio and COMPOSITE-VIDEO signals. It is used on devices such as televisions, satellite or cable receivers, VCRs, game console systems, speakers and car audio installations. RCA cable configuration on both analog and composite wirings are more or less similar. It is still used nowadays, so it is worthwhile to know the components of Typical RCA cables. RCA cables have more or less of similar construction to a coaxial cable, except that RCA cable isn't double shielded, nor does it have the bandwidth that coaxial cable provides. [CLICK SLIDE 5…]
- This is the internal diagram of an RCA connector[end plugs at the ends of the cable] [PAUSE …] The RCA-type connectors are the most common type on consumer gear for composite and component video, as well as for both digital and analogue audio. These connectors are usually designed for use with coaxial-type cable [remember RCA cable is also coaxial in nature] for frequencies ranging from the very lowest up to several megahertz. In RCA cables, the male connector otherwise known as the plug is slotted into the female connector or the jack of the device. The center pin [or the male connector] is connected to the cable’s center conductor which transmits the signal. The plug shell and the cable’s outer conductor acts as the electrical ground. [CLICK SLIDE 6…]
- This is how RCA connectors look like externally….
- Composite cables are distinguishable by the color yellow and its RCA-type connectors [plugs at the end of the cable/wire]. These cables carry ANALOG Television and video images. In a composite cable, image data is transmitted in a single line-level cable where VIDEO information is encoded into a single channel – that is the color YELLOW RCA-TYPE PLUGS (MALE CONNECTORS), to be plugged into the Video In/Out JACKS [female connectors] of a device, e.g., back of a TV Picture quality transmitted by composite cables are of lower-quality, around 480i or 576 resolution. That’s why these cables are only used by older tv’s, VCRs and video components, projectors, and gaming consoles [e.g. PS2]. [PAUSE…] RCA Audio cables are widely used to connect devices like VCRs and DVD players to TV sets or CD players to stereo receivers. RCA audio cables come in pairs with two connectors on each end, a red one for right stereo and a white (or black) connector for left stereo. They are often bundled with video cables… AND commonly called as (RCA) COMPOSITE A/V CABLE [CLICK SLIDE 8…]
- This is how an RCA Composite A/V cables most often are bundled together …and what you see in most analog A/V connections. Basic bundled (RCA) Composite and Audio Cables have six male connectors – that is 1 set of yellow, white and red on each end of the cable/wire. Some gaming consoles usually only have four -- one video, two audio on one end of the cable, and one specialized output plug that connects to the device on the other end. [CLICK SLIDE 9…]
- S-VIDEO - Short for Super-Video. It is used for transmitting video signals over a cable by dividing the video information into two separate signals: one for color (chrominance), and the other for brightness (luminance). When sent to a television, this produces sharper images than composite video [where the video information is transmitted as a single signal over one wire]. This is because televisions are designed to display separate Luminance (Y) and Chrominance (C) signals. (The terms Y/C video and S-Video are the same.) [CLICK SLIDE 10…]
- A Component cable is an RCA-like cable that transmits video signal that is split into three components, GREEN, BLUE & RED, and thus provides analog hi-definition video resolution than an S-Video cable. It nearly has the same video resolution as HDMI, and is a good option if your TV doesn’t have HDMI inputs or if all your HDMI ports are in use by other devices. Typical component cable is three-wired and like composite cables, component cables DO NOT carry sound. They are usually bundled with the (RCA) Audio Cables (Red & White) for audio making it a five-wired cable. The bundled Audio Cables sometimes feature dark covers with colored bands to differentiate the red audio from the red [component]video. [CLICK SLIDE 10…]
- VGA cable – VGA stands for Video Graphics Array. This is a cable used for transmitting video signals only. VGA cables carry an analog [as opposed to a digital signal (ones and zeroes); video signals red, green, blue, horizontal sync, vertical sync (RGBHV) and VESA Display Data Channel. This cable is commonly used to link computers with monitors, some high definition televisions, and game consoles to connect with a computer monitor [CLICK SLIDE 11…]
- VGA cables are identifiable by its 15 pins/slots on both ends and 2 screws on the sides to anchor the cable to a device’s port (female connector). The fifteen pin-connectors are spread over three horizontal rows and has a typical trapezoid shape. The color blue is often associated with VGA ports and connectors. Although VGA-type cables and connectors are still being used with today's computers and monitors, this standard is becoming obsolete and being replaced by the DVI connector and cable. DVI has a higher resolution output than VGA. VGA Connection like composite and component video cables, DO NOT support audio signal. [CLICK SLIDE 11…]
- Although it is not uncommon to still find VGA-type cables and connectors with today's computers and monitors, this standard is becoming obsolete and being replaced by the DVI connector and cable. DVI has a higher resolution output than VGA. Digital Visual Interface (DVI) - is digital connection with 29 pins/slots connectors designed to transmit uncompressed digital video and can be configured to support multiple modes such as DVI-D (digital only), DVI-A (analog only), or DVI-I (digital and analog). The DVI specification is compatible with the VGA interface. However, if you have a computer or monitor that supports both VGA and DVI, it is much better to use a DVI cable, to get a much higher video resolution. Just like VGA, DVI connections do not support an audio signal, even if they're converted to HDMI (which does support audio). To get audio, you'll need to use a separate audio cable between your connected devices [e.g. via the 3.5mm audio port of computer and TV or using the RCA white and red audio connectors that accompanies a composite cable] [CLICK SLIDE 12…]
- HDMI stands for High-Definition Multimedia Interface. Like DVI, this cable is designed for the digital transmission of uncompressed data. However, besides a video signal, HDMI can also carry up to eight channels of compressed or uncompressed digital audio, thus eliminating the use of multiple cables. Standard HDMI cables have only male connectors (pins) at both ends of a cable. The HDMI ports (i.e. outputs on media devices and inputs on TVs) all have female connectors. [CLICK SLIDE 14…]
- This is a picture of an HDMI port [female connector on the device]. HDMI extension cables, however, have a male tip on one end and a female port on the other, allowing you to connect a standard cable to the end of the extension cable. There are five HDMI connector types. The most famous one, type A which is a plug with 19 pins connector. Type A is what you’ll find in most of your appliances today such as on DVD players/recorders, Plasma & LCD displays and digital surround-sound amplifiers & receivers HDMI connectors are used for digital connections between the audio/video source and the audio/video monitor or equipment to be connected to, combining a digital audio and a digital video cable into a single connector. Aside from able to support digital multi-media devices, HDMI cables/connectors can also be used to connect HD (High Definition) devices. [CLICK SLIDE 16 ….]
- TOSLINK stands for Toshiba Link. It is an optical cable have a single terminal at each end, which can be connected to the output and input connections [i.e. optical digital sockets], on various audio devices and electronics. It has a more accurate transmission [because of its shorter length (usually 5 meters, w/ 10 meters as the max.]; and easy to see whether the cables are really transmitting the digital signals by looking at one end of the cable for the red light. [CLICK SLIDE 17…]
- Most common Toslink connectors are rectangular in shape and either metallic or plastic. When viewed head-on, the connectors resemble a house. The female Toslink connector (on your receiver or DVD player or wherever you’re plugging a Toslink into) is usually covered by a little removable dust cap. [GO BACK TO LECTURE NOTES…]