I. TOP-IX is a nonprofit internet exchange point (IXP) in Italy that has evolved since 2002 from a small local exchange to a larger regional and national operator. II. The document discusses the potential role for IXPs to evolve into "InterCloud Exchanges" (ICXs) that allow for similar peering and interconnection between cloud providers as currently exists between networks at IXPs. III. Some initial examples and challenges of creating an ICX are presented, including pooling resources across cloud providers through a trusted infrastructure and ensuring flexibility, neutrality, interoperability and SLA management as cloud systems integrate.

1. Evolution of an IXP
Towards InterCloud Exchange
Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

2. Background: what TOP-IX is
NO PROFIT Consortium
IXP since 2002
From 2006 DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM (DP)
DP aims to diffuse the use of broadband Internet and to foster innovation by
providing support to early stage Internet ventures. DP works at the
level of infrastructure (i.e. band, server, hosting, housing, etc.) and sets out to
support the trialling - at a pre-competitive stage - of technologies,
services, operational and business models as well as to support innovative
initiatives that use broadband Internet.
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

3. •19 node
•3 Long haul 10 GBE Ring
The evolution timeline •N x 10 GBE trunk
•18 node (metro)
•2
Long
haul
10
GBE
Ring •25
Gbps
Traffic
X
•N x 10 GBE trunk (metro)
•10 Gbps Traffic X
•8 node
•2 Long haul FO Gbe
•10 GBE trunk
•2 Gbps Traffic X
2010
•6 node
2008
•2 Long haul FO Gbe •International interconnection
•500 Mps Traffic X •Regional expansion
72 members - Lyon – France)
(LyonIX
•Public Admin & •
Research •120+ star-up hosted
2006
•CDN provider •CLOUD
paradigm
•2 node (metro Torino)
•Development
program •64 members
•1 Gbe
(start-­‐up
support
program) •
56 start-up hosted
•100 Mps Traffic X
•37 members •Star)ng
virtualiza)on
process
2004 •1st startup –hosted
•1
apps
1
server
•Interregional development
•Local
Government
joins
2002 •24 members
•Start
opera)on
•14 members
© mario bros. courtesy NINTENDO
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

4. The value of Exchange:
what’s next on the net?
Demand for The value of
“high level” exchange is moving
The cost of
communication on up the stack
bandwidth is
(more than IP) from the IP to
decreasing
exchange is rising platform and
applications
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

5. Evolution: Internet and Cloud Computing
TCP/IP IP BGP
1968 1974 1978 “Cloud computing 1995
1986 1991 1994 is at
the same stage [pre-
Arpanet Internet]. Each cloud is a
NSFNet CIX commercial
1960 operators
system unto itself.” 2000
Vint Cerf
1990 2020
SOAP AWS API
1990s 1999 2003 2006 2009 2010s
Grid ASP Amazon InterCloud InterCloud
Computing Consortium AWS proposed Exchange?
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

6. Beyond bandwidth: content and
processing
CDNs
Cloud IaaS
Operators
ISPs
IXP
•Internet eXchanges attract CDN and Cloud operators
•Content and processing power concentrate at IXs
•No exchange of resources between CDNs or Clouds
(Ships in the Night)
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

7. When clouds are rising....
1. What is the role of
Internet eXchanges?
2. Are IXPs valuable also
in a cloud
environment?
3. To what extent
Internet peering is
similar to Cloud
peering?
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

8. Internet : Internet eXchange
=
Cloud Computing : InterCloud eXchange
InterCloud
eXchange
(ICX)
A
Communica+on
pla.orm
capable
to
introduce
the
same
benefits
of
IX
(peering,...)
in
the
cloud
environment.
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

9. InterCloud eXchange
I.Neutral
Access
Point,
II.where
cloud
systems
communicate
by
standard
protocols,
III.in
a
trusted
environment.
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

10. Cloud layers
Software
as a
Service
Platform
as a
Service
Instrastructure
as a
Service
Infrastructure
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

11. ICX: IaaS Peering
Integration suite layer
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!"
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#"
$"
#"
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6" $%&'()*+,-"'./01%2'"3*14+(5" &"
78$"
OSI OSI
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

12. ICX: PaaS Peering
Trusted
connec,on,
API
exchange,
Common
framework !"#$%&'& !"#$%&-&
!#((#)& !#((#)&
*+,& *+,&
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()*+,"#" ()*+,"!" #"
-./0+1).23,""
/34*+/534"
-./0+1).23,""
/34*+/534"
!""#$%&&'()*$
$"
!" $%&"'" ()*+,"'"
%"
:11%"833/.79" &"
#"
$703/730"833/.79" '"
'"
!"#$%&'()*+$,-./"0$+1'/2(%3+ ("
6%$" )*+"
OSI OSI
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

13. Common Issues
Flexibility
Neutrality
Interoperability
Internet InterCloud
eXchange SLA
management
eXchange
Exchange
Trade
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

14. InterNet and InterCloud: framing the issues
Flexibility
Neutrality
Interoperability
SLA
management
Exchange
Trade
28
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

15. InterNet and InterCloud: framing the issues
Flexibility
Neutrality
Interoperability
SLA
management
Exchange
Trade
29
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

16. InterNet and InterCloud: framing the issues
Flexibility
Neutrality
Interoperability
SLA
management
Exchange
Trade
30
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

17. InterNet and InterCloud: framing the issues
Flexibility
Neutrality
Interoperability
SLA
management
Exchange
Trade
31
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

18. InterNet and InterCloud: framing the issues
Flexibility
Neutrality
Interoperability
SLA
management
Exchange
Trade
32
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

19. InterNet and InterCloud: framing the issues
Flexibility
Neutrality
Interoperability
SLA
management
Exchange
Trade
33
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

20. ICX: first steps
Pooling resources across different AS’s over a trusted hi-capacity infrastructure
•CPU !"#$%&'
•RAM 3 !$4,"56'
•iSCSI / NFS storage 7+-8.*)'
4,"56'
=/-8'";'?.2*'
7-)6:"/*' !"#$%&' 49%'7-):"/*)'
3 >-2*+-<5*)6' ()*+"#",-*./' 3 9)+8)+';.+:'
4":#@' *)2*<)6'
A+"5#' 0-/12'
Italian
University Network =/-8'";'!5+-/'
(GARR) 3 >.*.'4)/*+)'
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

21. ICX: early examples
! !"#$%&
! "#$%&'()*+#(,*(-,.#/01#2,
&*(*3'&'(),454)'&,
A**>BC, ! '()*+,*%-&
! 6##7'/*+8',$#&7%+(3,3/9-,:*4'-,#(,
#%/;/9-,
! '+./+&&9--<'2*/',
! =*(*39(3,>?@,
! D(3*39(3,/'4#%/$'4,#(,-9E'/'(),89/)%*<9F'-,
G**>BC,
'(89/#(&'()4,
! 01%23"$-&$<#%-,9()'3/*+#(,
! 4$2)3567$/&'*/<5,)/9*<4,
! 8".9%*7&'*/<5,)/9*<4,
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

22. Conclusions
Most of our Cloud Exchange infrastructure is at
“Proof-of-Concept” stage.
Useful to identify the dynamics that become relevant
when increasing the scale of the system
• Optimal use of HW resources
• Better reliability of services/applications
• Resources provided and received even out
between participants
• Brokering of resources
giovedì 23 settembre 2010

23. Questions?
luca.cicchelli@top-ix.org
giovedì 23 settembre 2010