1. The Cold War

2. East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia,
Albania, and Bulgaria all became satellites of the Soviet Union.

3. Illingworth,
Leslie
Gilbert,
1902-1979
(ILW1059)
First
published
on 6 March
1946
Churchill’s Fulton Speech March 5, 1946

4. The Actual Iron
Curtain
In the village of
Cizov

5. Communist Joke
 Question: "Is there a way to insure your
refrigerator will always be full?"
Radio Armenia: "Yes! Plug it into Radio
Moscow."

6. Containment
George Kennan, American Diplomat

7. Truman Doctrine
Russia wanted control of the Dardanelles.

8. Truman Doctrine
 Addressing a joint session of Congress on
March 12, 1947, President Harry S. Truman
asked for $400 million in military and economic
assistance for Greece and Turkey and
established a doctrine, aptly characterized the
Truman Doctrine, that would guide U.S.
diplomacy for the next forty years. President
Truman declared, "It must be the policy of the
United States to support free peoples who are
resisting attempted subjugation by armed
minorities or by outside pressures."

9. Truman Doctrine
 The sanction of aid to Greece and Turkey by a
Republican Congress indicated the beginning of
a long and enduring bipartisan cold war foreign
policy. The Truman Doctrine has raised
profound questions from historians regarding its
origins, long-term consequences, and the
relationship between domestic and foreign
policy. However, one thing is for certain, the
Truman Doctrine signaled America's post war
embrace of global leadership and ended its
longstanding policy of isolationism.

10. Truman Doctrine

11. Marshall Plan
In Europe, over 21
million people were
homeless. Over 20 %
of the Polish population
had died. One of every
five houses in France
and Belgium had been
damaged or destroyed.
Industries, agriculture,
and transportation
networks were in ruin.
The Marshall Plan was
America’s financial aid
for the economic
recovery of Europe.

12. Secretary of State George C. Marshall
unveiled the plan in 1947.
Thirteen billion dollars in grants and loans were made available to Western Europe.
Russia forbade Soviet Satellite nations from participating in the program.

15. Blockade ends
200,000 Flights deliver food,
fuel and supplies

16. The Candy Bomber
 After finishing his share of round-trips from Rhein-Main to Berlin one day in
mid-July 1948, Halvorsen grabbed his camera and hitched an aircraft ride
back to Berlin. Once at Tempelhof, the Utah State ROTC graduate made
his way to the base perimeter, where he encountered about 30 children
aged 8 to 14. Not one pestered or begged Halvorsen for candy or gum, the
tokens of affection that so many German children had come to expect from
GIs in World War II.
 "Don't worry about us," the kids told Halvorsen in broken English. "Just give
us a little to eat for now and someday we'll have enough."
 The Candy Bomber
 Halvorsen was so touched by their sentiment that he dug into his pocket for
his last two pieces of Wrigley's Doublemint gum. He promised to surprise
them on his next run the next day.
 "How will we know it's you?" the boisterous kids asked Halvorsen.
 "When I come over the beacon, I'll wiggle my wings. Watch that plane and
get ready," Halvorsen replied.

17. The Candy Bomber
 On his next flight, Halvorsen pushed three tiny packs of candy and gum
attached to handkerchief "parachutes" out the flare chute behind the pilot's
seat on his C-54.
 The simple gesture sparked the spirits of Berliners on the ground and the
imaginations of Americans back home. Halvorsen's one-man airlift won the
endorsement of Air Force superiors. Candy collection points were set up in
Europe and the United States. Special flights were arranged for Halvorsen
to circle the city to drop candy.
 Americans donated thousands of pounds of candy and handkerchiefs and
other pieces of scrap cloth to sustain what became known as "Operation
Little Vittles." By the spring of 1949, the "candy bombers" rained candy-
bearing parachutes down upon a picnic for thousands of Berlin children that
had been arranged at Peacock Island in Lake Hegel by the airlift
detachment at Tempelhof. All told, the pilots eventually dropped 23 tons of
candy.

19. NATO
NORTH
ATLANTIC
TREATY
ORGANIZATION

20. EUROPEAN
NATO
MEMBERS

21. Warsaw Pact

22. Communist Joke
 "How's it going with you these days?" one
old classmate asks another when they
meet in a line for milk.
"Really great!"
"Got any time to read the papers?"
"Sure! How else would I know?"

23. Soviets Detonate Atomic Bomb
US Develops Hydrogen Bomb
Physicists at Berkeley in the 1950’s develop the hydrogen bomb.

24. Hydrogen Bomb Facility
in California

25. Detonation of the First Hydrogen Bomb

26. China Falls to the Communists
Communist Mao Zedong overthrew the Kuomintung Party led by Jiang Jieshi (aka
Chiang Kai Shek) 1949

27. Communist Joke
 "Comrades!" a Party boss addresses the workers. "For the sake of
your radiant Communist tomorrow, the Party suggests cutting your
wages in half. Anyone against? No one? Unanimously approved."
One week later: "Comrades, to faster reach the Communist future,
the Party recommends cutting your wages entirely. No one against?
Unanimously approved!"
Two weeks after that: "Dear Comrades, for the sake of international
Communist happiness, the Party proposes you all hang yourselves
tomorrow. All agreed? Any questions?"
From the crowd: "Yes, should we scrounge for rope or will the
powers supply it?"

28. The Cold War at Home
Loyalty Program/Loyalty Review Board
House Un-American Activities Committee

29. The Hollywood Ten and their attorneys after
contesting their contempt of Congress citations

31. Hollywood Ten
 I DO NOT CONSIDER THIS COMMITTEE TO BE
STUPID. ON THE CONTRARY, I CONSIDER IT TO BE
EVIL. IT IS NOT COMMUNISM THE HOUSE
COMMITTEE ON UN-AMERICAN ACTIVITIES FEARS,
BUT THE HUMAN MIND, REASON ITSELF. IT IS NOT
FORCE AND VIOLENCE THIS COMMITTEE IS
INVESTIGATING, BUT EARNEST, UNCEASING
CITIZENSHIP. THIS COMMITTEE IS IN THE COURSE
OF OVERTHROWING NOT KARL MARX, BUT THE
CONSTITUTIONAL WAY OF AMERICAN LIFE.
 - Herbert Biberman, 1947

32. The Last of the Hollywood Ten Dies
 Ring Lardner Jr, the double Oscar winner and last of the Hollywood Ten, has
died of cancer aged 85. The screenwriter was the last surviving member of
the band of 10 writers and directors who were jailed and blacklisted in
Hollywood during the McCarthy era in the 1950s.
 Ring Lardner Jr won two Oscars in a career spanning more than 50 years
Lardner and others were called to the stand to answer the infamous query,
"Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist Party of
the United States?".
 The writer was indeed a communist but believed that his political views were
none of the government's business.
 "I could answer the question exactly the way you want," Lardner said under
questioning in 1947 from J Parnell Thomas, a republican representative.
 He added: "But if I did, I would hate myself in the morning."
 He and 10 others refused to answer the question while some, such as
director Elia Kazan, named names.
 Jail sentence
 Lardner, with Michael Kanin, won an Oscar for best original screenplay in
1942 for Woman of the Year, starring Katherine Hepburn and Spencer Tracy.

33.  In 1970 he won the Academy Award for best adapted screenplay for
the Robert Altman film M*A*S*H.
 Lardner was jailed for nine months in the 1950s because of his
refusal to answer questions about his politics.
 From 1947 to the 1960s he found it almost impossible to find work in
the US and was forced to look abroad or use pseudonyms to work in
Hollywood.
 He was blacklisted along with Albert Maltz, Dalton Trumbo, Samuel
Ornitz, John Howard Lawson, Herbert Biberman, Robert Adrian
Scott, Lester Cole, Alvah Bessie and Edward Dmytrk, the only one
of the 10 eventually to answer the committe's questions.
 Earlier this year, the Writers Guild of America corrected the credits
of eight blacklisted writers on 14 films from the 1950s and 1960s.
 Lardner eventually began working in the film business again under
his own name and worked on 1965's The Cincinnati Kid, starring
Steve McQueen and Edward G Robinson.
 He is survived by his wife and five children.
 A film about the events of the period, One of the Hollywood Ten, is
in production and stars Jeff Goldblum and Greta Scacchi.
 The Hollywood Ten were blacklisted for almost 30 years


34. McCarran-Walter Act
 Established a quota system for each
country, discriminating against potential
immigrants from Asia and Southern and
Central Europe.
 Truman: “…one of the most un-American
acts I have witnessed in my public career.”
 Passed over his veto

35. Alger Hiss

36. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

37. The
Korean
War
1950-
1953

38. McCarthyism
McCarthy was a Republican
Senator from Wisconsin who
held up a paper claiming to
have a list of 205 known
Communists in the State
Department. These were
people already accused of
disloyalty under Truman’s
loyalty program.