Relayed on Jorge Saguinsin's Entrep class by Loewen S. Kho. A book on globalization and the factors that made globalization possible.

3. Globalization
 leveling the playing field
 Increases opportunities
 Makes work more competitive

4. “Flatteners”
 Barriers are broken through improved
communication
 More things are getting done through collaboration
 Technology: PC, Faster Internet, and Better
Software

5. Collapse of Berlin Wall
 Ended the Cold War
 Fall of communism in Europe: Germany
 Capitalism: Free Market Capitalism

6. Rise of the PC
 Microsoft Windows (1981)
 Windows 3.0 – Better GUI – 1990
 Improved productivity and communication

7. Netscape
 Web Browser – used to browse content on the web
 Mosaic to Netscape to internet explorer to mozilla to
Chrome.
 Made internet accessible to everyone
 Paved the way to better communication
 Internet became truly integrated.

8. Workflow Software
 Software technologies that allowed work to flow.
 XML + SOAP + DBMS
 Middleware was developed to allow two different systems to be
connected.
 Advanced software and internet communications allowed work
separated into sub groups.
 Allowed companies, divisions, and departments to connect
systems.
 Automated processes: paved the way for automated payroll, e-
commerce, supply chain integration.

9. Open Source
 Apache Web Browser – a free software that powers
more than 55% of the Internet’s Servers.
 Apache gave rise to sophisticated Web Sites, Online
Games, real time chat, e-commerce.
 Opensource (Apache) – Innovate Internet
 Gave rise (indirectly) to Web Standards, and
Communication protocols

10. Outsourcing
 Call Centers? 
 Allowed companies to split activities into
components and subcontracted providing efficiency
in both cost and performance.
 Companies in other countries suddenly are sought
out.
 Year 2000: E-Commerce emerged

11. Offshoring
 Outsourcing is taking an operation and having it
done somewhere else. Offshoring is doing the
Whole Manufacturing, or the Whole Business
elsewhere. (China)
 greater competition worldwide.
 also allowed companies to seize markets in another
country by increasing awareness.
 China joined WTO on Dec 11, 2001.

12. Supply Chain
 Streamlined processes
 Better Information Systems
 IT providing competitive advantage: Walmart

13. Insourcing
 Gives companies, big and small, to compete
worldwide.
 UPS taking charge of logistics, repairs, replacement,
etc (Streamlining the whole process)

14. Informing
 Search Engine
 Social Media
"Never before in the history of the planet have so many
people – on their own – had the ability to find so much
information about so many things and about so many
other people"

15. The Steroids
 Amplifies the flattening of the other Flatteners
 Wifi, VoIP, File Sharing, iPhone, Mobile Internet, Blackberry
 Productivity Apps, Finance Apps, Portable Inventory
Management Software.
 Smart: Tap Share (NFC) - a technology which allows
contactless data exchange between two devices in close
proximity with each other. (Think Smart Money and the number
of subscribers)
 All can be done in quick, can be done anywhere, 24/7, 365

16. Convergence
 Technologies began to converge complimenting and
enhancing each other. Ex. Newsgroup+email+chat =
Facebook. Facebook+e-commerce = Online Shop.
 B2B converged – Banks can communicate with each
other in real time. Inventory can be tracked realtime.
 China, Russia, Germany, Turkey, India, etc opened
their economies to the world making it even more
competitive

17. What now, Philippines
 We are no longer competing in the Philippines, we should prepare
to be competitive worldwide.
 The Government should take advantage of technology – just like
MMDA.
 The Philippines, specifically, the Cities, should expand with the
goal of improving economic activity in the whole Philippines.
 Universities should upgrade their curriculum, not just offer basic
computer courses. 
 Businesses should be sure to be more efficient, they should think
Global too. Know that they are in competition with companies from
China, Vietnam, US, Europe, etc.

18. The End