SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 28
1 91 5  ืข ื“   19 23 D   A   D   A ืชื™ื ื˜ ืจื•ืŸ ืก ืค ืจ ื• ืช ื ืž ื ื• ืช ืค ืœ ืก ื˜ ื™ืช ืฉ ื™ ืจ ื”   ืจื”  ืจื”   ืจื” Dad a  d adadadad adada  dada dada dada Dadadadadada  dadad adadadadadadada D ad adadad adada dada dadadadadadadada d ada dadadadad ada dadadadad ada ๏„๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก ๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก ๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค ๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก Dada dadada dadadadadad adadada dadadadadada dada dadadadadadadadada
ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ... ืฉืœื•ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื™ืงืจื™ื . ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ืืžื ื•ืชื™ืช ืืฉืจ ื ืฉืื” ืืช ื”ืฉื ื”ืžื•ื–ืจ  " ื“ืื“ื ". ื”ื•ื ืงืฆืช ืืจื•ืš ,  ืื‘ืœ ื›ื™ืฃ ื’ื“ื•ืœ !  ืื ื™ ืžืžืœื™ืฆื” ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืื‘ืœ ื”ื’ื ื‘ืชื™ ื’ื ืœื—ืฆื ื™ื ืกื•ืจืจื™ื ื”ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืชืขืงืฉ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื• ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืžืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื• . ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืชื›ื ื™ื ืœืงืจื™ืื” ,  ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ,  ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉืืœื•ืช ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื” .  ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืืชื ืžืื•ื“ ืชืฉืžื—ื• ืœื‘ืฆืข ,  ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืžื— ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื™ืืœืฅ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืื•ืชืŸ . ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืงืกื˜ ,  ืืชื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉืืœื•ืช .  ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ,  ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืชืกื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื•ืžืžืฉ ืชืจืฆื• ืขื•ื“ ,  ื›ื ืกื• ืœืคื•ืจื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื  (...)  ื•ืขืœื• ืœืฉื ืืช ืจืฉืžื™ื›ื ,  ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื›ื ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœื›ื .  ื›ืœ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื™ืชืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” .  ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื’ืฉื” ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ :  ืชื” ื—ื ื•ืขื•ื’ื” . ืœืžื˜ืœื” ื”ืงื“ืฉืชื™ ืœื ื• ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ,  ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื ื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืฉื ื™ ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ื—ื‘ื™ืœืช ืขื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืจื•ื .  ืชืชืคืจืขื• ืœื›ื  ๏Š
ืž ื”   ื– ื”   ื‘ ื›ืœ ืœ  ื“ืื“ ื  ? ? ?  ...  ื• ื‘ ื›ืŸ ,  ืช ืœื• ื™   ื ืช   ืž ื™  ื ืช ื  ืฉ ื• ื ืœื™ ื ...  ื”ืชื—ืœ ื›ืืŸ ื•ื’ืœื” ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœืš .  ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื“ืื“ื ืžืกืคืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ืœืžื•ืฉื’  " ื“ืื“ื " ืžื‘ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ื ื•ืกื— ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ ื”ืจืฉืžื™ :  ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืžื ื•ืชื™ื™ื  ื•ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื  ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ื“ืื“ื ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื ืื—ืจื™ื” ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช  ื•ืขื•ื“ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื ื—ืžื“ื” ืœืกื™ื•ื ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ :  ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื  ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื . ืกื“ื ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืขื ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ ื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ืืŸ ืฆืืจื
ื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœืคื ื™ืš ื•ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžืš ืฉื™ืจ ื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ื™ .  ื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ืืŸ ืฆืืจื :  ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืจ ื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ื™ ืงื— ื‘ื™ื“ืš ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ . ืงื— ืžืกืคืจื™ื™ื . ื‘ื—ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ื” ืฉืื•ืจื›ื” ื›ืื•ืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืืžืจืช ืœื—ื‘ืจ . ื’ื–ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื‘ื” . ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื’ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืชื‘ื” ื–ื• ื•ื”ื ื— ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืชื™ืง . ื ืขืจ ืงืœื•ืช .  ื›ืขืช ื”ื•ืฆื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ . ื”ืขืชืง ื‘ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ื ื™ืฆืื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื™ืง . ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื™ื“ืžื” ืœืš . ื•ื”ืจื™ ืืชื” ืกื•ืคืจ ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืœืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ,  ื‘ืขืœ ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื ืคืœืื” . ืื - ื›ื™ ื ื‘ืฆืจืช ืžื‘ื™ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ .
ื‘ ืจ ื›ื• ืช ื™ ื™  !   ื” ืฉ ืœ ืž ืช  ืืช ื” ืฉื™ ืจ ื” ื“ืื“ ื ื™ืก ื˜ื™  ื”ืจื ืฉ ื•ืŸ ืคืจื™  ืข ื˜ืš .   ื ืจื’ ืฉ ?  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ื”ื™ื“ืขืช ?  ืžื™ื“ืข ื ื—ืžื“ ืืš ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื•ืช ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืฉื™ืจ ื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ื™ ืกื™ืคืง ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ืืŸ ืฆืืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืงืคื” ืงื‘ืจื˜ื™ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืฉืคื™ื’ืœืฉื˜ืจืกื” ื‘ืฆื™ืจื™ืš, ื”- "ืงื‘ืจื˜ ื•ื•ืœื˜ืจ". ืฉื, ื‘- 1916, ื”ื—ืœื” ืืช ื“ืจื›ื” ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”"ื“ืื“ื".
ืžื” ื–ื” ื“ืื“ื ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],( ืžื ื™ืคืกื˜  Xlll ืžืชื•ืš  ' ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžื ื™ืคืกื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ืื“ื ' 1918) ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื“ืื“ื ืžื ืกื—ื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื :
ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื : ,[object Object],[object Object],ืื‘ืกื•ืจื“ - ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืŸ :  ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ืกืจ - ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ,  ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ,  ืกืชื™ืจื” ,  ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ,  ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื’ื•ื—ืš ,  ืฉื˜ื•ืช .  ื‘ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื” :  ืกื™ื˜ื•ืืฆื™ื” ืžื’ื•ื—ื›ืช ,  ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ืช ืขื ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจ .  ื”ืื“ื ื ืชืงืœ ืœื ืคืขื ื‘ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืื‘ืกื•ืจื“ื™ื•ืช ,  ื•ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื•ืช :  ื’ื™ื—ื•ืš ,  ืคืœื™ืื” ,  ืคื—ื“ .  ืื‘ืกื•ืจื“ ื”ื•ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ :  ืกื™ื˜ื•ืืฆื™ื” ืฉื ืจืื™ืช ืื‘ืกื•ืจื“ื™ืช ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืื—ื“ ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื›ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืื—ืจ .  ืื ืจื›ื™ื” -  ืžื•ืฉื’ ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžืชืืจ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ,  ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช .  ื”ืื ืจื›ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ื•ืจืกื™ื ื›ื™ ืœื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ืช ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ ื”ื ืžืฆื ืชื—ืช ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœืžื•ืกื“ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” .  ื ื™ื”ื™ืœื™ื–ื -  ืžื”ืžืœื” ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช  nihil  =  ืืคืก / ืœื ื›ืœื•ื .  ืชืคื™ืกื” ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ืช ื”ืฉื•ืœืœืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ืžืืžืฆืช ืฆื•ืจืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื˜ื•ืœืช ืžื”ื•ืช .  ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืฉื•ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื•ืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช .  ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ืœื™ื–ื ืืžื•ื ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืกื›ื ื” ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช .  ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ ื ื™ื˜ืฉื” ื˜ืขืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช .  ื ื™ื”ื™ืœื™ื–ื ืคื•ืกืœ ื’ื ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืื• ืžื˜ืจื” ืกื•ืคื™ื™ื ,  ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืจืœ ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื .  ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื ,  ื•ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื˜ืจื” ืื• ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืœื™ืงื•ื .  ื”ื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืœื“ืขืชื ืžืขืฆื™ืžื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ,  ื•ืžืฉื—ืจืจืช ืื•ืชื• ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืืžืช .
ืžื” ื–ื” ื“ืื“ื ???? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ : ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” -  ืžืœื—ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ืžืžื“ื™ื ,  ื‘ื” ืœืงื—ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ,  ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช .  ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉืง .  ื”ืžืฉืง ื›ื•ืœื• -  ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ื“ืข ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื•ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ -  ื’ื•ื™ืก ืœืžืœื—ืžื” .  ื”ื ืฉื™ื ,  ืฉืขื“ ืื– ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ,  ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื›ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ืจื•ืฉืช ืื• ื›ืื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื•ืช ื‘ืคืฆื•ืขื™ื .  ื–ื• ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืืฉืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช .  ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืจื—ื‘ ื‘ืœื•ื—ืžื” ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ .  ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืื‘ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื“ .  ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืคืฆื™ืคื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœืžื™ืœื™ื˜ืจื™ื–ื .  ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืžืชืขืจืขืจื™ื ,  ืœืžืฉืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” .  ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ืงืœืขื•ืช ืœืžืฆื‘ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื’ืจื•ืข ืžืื•ื“ .  ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื™ืฆืจื” ื˜ืจืื•ืžื” ื•ื–ืขื–ื•ืข ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื .  ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ืข ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” -  ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ,  ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื—ืจื™ื” ,  ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืžืื•ื“ .  ื’ื ื”ืžื“ืข ื•ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ืžืฉืชื›ืœืœื™ื .  ( ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื™ืชื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื– ืื‘ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ,  ืžืฆืœืžื” ,  ื•ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืชื”ื•ื•ืชื• )  ืžื‘ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืืžื ื•ืช -   ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ื ืงื ื“ื™ื ืกืงื™ ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื•ืืช ื”ืžื“ืข ื›ื—ืกืจื™ ืชื•ืงืฃ ,  ืืš ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืืœื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื™ืข ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ,  ื”ื›ืจื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ืืกืชื˜ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจื’ืช ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ .  ื”ื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื”ื–ื• -  ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืžืจ ืœืจื•ื— -  ืชืคื™ืกื” ื‘ื•ืจื’ื ื™ืช ืงืœื•ืงืœืช .
ื– ' ืืŸ ืืจืค ,  ืžืœื‘ื ื™ื ืžืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื•ืช , 1916/17 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ืžืจืกืœ ื“ื•ืฉืืŸ ,  ื’ืœื’ืœ ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื , 1913/1951 ื”ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืžืžื•ืงื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœื•- ื’ืœืจื™ื”. ื”ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ืœื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“. ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ื—ื“ืฉ. ืžื”ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืžื•ืจื—ืงืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื. (ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืฉืจืคืจืฃ, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืกื•ืข ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ื’ืœื’ืœ). Ready-Made ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ ืืกืžื‘ืœืื– ' ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],ื”ื—ืคืฅ ืžื•ืฉืชืœ ื‘ื’ืœืจื™ื” ื›ืฉื ืฉื”ื•ื, ืœืœื ืขื™ื“ื•ืŸ, ืœืœื ืชื•ืกืคืช.  Ready-made
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ืคืจื ืกื™ืก ืคื™ืงื‘ื™ื” ,  ื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ ื ืขืจื” ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ื‘ืขื™ืจื•ื , 1915   ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืืŸ ? ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืœืขื’ ืื‘ืกื•ืจื“ ืžื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื”
ืจืื•ืœ ื”ืื•ืกืžืŸ ,  ืจืืฉ ืžื›ื ื™ โ€“ ืจื•ื— ื–ืžื ื ื• , 1919,  ืขืฅ ื•ืžืชื›ื•ืช ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]," ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืžื•ื“ื‘ืงื™ื ื‘ืขืจื‘ื•ื‘ื™ื” ื•ื”ืฆื•ืคื” ืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžื”ื ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ื”ืืกื•ืฆื™ืื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ื—ื• ".  ืžืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืจ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืจืื•ืœ ื”ืื•ืกืžืŸ
ื“ื•ืฉืืŸ  1919 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],Mz 299 Kurt Schwitters  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
  Francis Picabia ,  ืžื›ื•ื ื” ,  ื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื™ ืžื”ืจ ! ,  1916 - 1918 ,  ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“ ,[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
George Grosz Berlin 1919 ื– ' ื•ืจื– '  ื’ืจื•ืก ื‘ืจืœื™ืŸ  1919 ,[object Object],ืžืจืกืœ ื™ื ืงื• , 1918 ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ืœื›ืชื‘ ืขืช ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืื“ื ืฉื™ืฆื ื‘ืฆื™ืจื™ืš
[object Object],ืžืฆืขื“ ืื”ื‘ื”  1916-18   ืื”ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ  1917   ืชื—ืช  1917
[object Object],ืขืœืžื” ื ื—ืžื“ื” , 1920 ื™ืœื“ื™ื , 1925 ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืงื•ืœืื– '  ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื ื™ืช ื”ื ื” ื”ื•ืš ,[object Object]
Scene from  " The Gas Heart "  by Tristan Tzara ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืชื•ืš ืžื—ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื  " ืœื‘ ื”ื’ื– "  ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ ื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืืŸ ืฆืืจื
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ืื ื“ืจื” ืžืืกื•ืŸ ,  ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ , 1925 ืื ื“ืจื” ืžืืกื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ืกื•ืจื™ืืœื™ื–ื. ื‘ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื ื™ืกื” ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”"ืœื ืžื•ื“ืข" ืฉืœื• ืืœ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืžืื˜ื™ืช, ืชื•ืš ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืขืจืš ื”ืืงืจืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืืžื ื•ืช.
ืžืืŸ ืจื™ื™ -  ืžืชื ื” , 1921 ,[object Object],ืจื•ื‘ืจื˜ ืจืื•ืฉื ื‘ืจื’ -  ืžื™ื˜ื” , 1955  ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Weitere รคhnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

O que รฉ Concretismo? Principais caracterรญsticas, influรชncias e autores.
O que รฉ Concretismo? Principais caracterรญsticas, influรชncias e autores.O que รฉ Concretismo? Principais caracterรญsticas, influรชncias e autores.
O que รฉ Concretismo? Principais caracterรญsticas, influรชncias e autores.Jean Carlo Barusso
ย 
Atendimento telefรณnico
Atendimento telefรณnicoAtendimento telefรณnico
Atendimento telefรณnicociganito5
ย 
Oracao subordinada substantivablog2015
Oracao subordinada substantivablog2015Oracao subordinada substantivablog2015
Oracao subordinada substantivablog2015Christiane Queiroz
ย 
Peรงa sobre o Cรขncer do colo do รบtero e HPV
Peรงa sobre o Cรขncer do colo do รบtero e HPVPeรงa sobre o Cรขncer do colo do รบtero e HPV
Peรงa sobre o Cรขncer do colo do รบtero e HPVKamila Joyce
ย 
Realismo naturalismo
Realismo   naturalismoRealismo   naturalismo
Realismo naturalismonagelaviana
ย 
Intertextualidade e linguagem Catia Delatorre
Intertextualidade e linguagem   Catia DelatorreIntertextualidade e linguagem   Catia Delatorre
Intertextualidade e linguagem Catia DelatorreCatia Delatorre
ย 
ๆœ‰้—œ้ซ˜ๆ™ฎ่€ƒ้–ฑๅท็š„็ง˜่พ›.
ๆœ‰้—œ้ซ˜ๆ™ฎ่€ƒ้–ฑๅท็š„็ง˜่พ›.ๆœ‰้—œ้ซ˜ๆ™ฎ่€ƒ้–ฑๅท็š„็ง˜่พ›.
ๆœ‰้—œ้ซ˜ๆ™ฎ่€ƒ้–ฑๅท็š„็ง˜่พ›.clinic
ย 
Macunaรญma
MacunaรญmaMacunaรญma
Macunaรญmaporadinhaa
ย 
Comunicaรงรฃo e Empregabilidade
Comunicaรงรฃo e EmpregabilidadeComunicaรงรฃo e Empregabilidade
Comunicaรงรฃo e Empregabilidademairamed
ย 
Oraรงรตes subordinadas adverbiais 2013
Oraรงรตes subordinadas adverbiais 2013Oraรงรตes subordinadas adverbiais 2013
Oraรงรตes subordinadas adverbiais 2013Christiane Queiroz
ย 
Literatura Gรณtica - Parte III
Literatura Gรณtica - Parte IIILiteratura Gรณtica - Parte III
Literatura Gรณtica - Parte IIIWinnie Teรณfilo
ย 
Venha ver o por do sol
Venha ver o por do solVenha ver o por do sol
Venha ver o por do solCicero Luciano
ย 
gramin jeevan banam shehri jeevan.pptx
gramin jeevan banam shehri jeevan.pptxgramin jeevan banam shehri jeevan.pptx
gramin jeevan banam shehri jeevan.pptxdakshsehrawat3
ย 
Concordancia verbal-completa
Concordancia verbal-completaConcordancia verbal-completa
Concordancia verbal-completasandra
ย 
Canรงรฃo do exรญlio intertextualidade
Canรงรฃo do exรญlio   intertextualidadeCanรงรฃo do exรญlio   intertextualidade
Canรงรฃo do exรญlio intertextualidadejasonrplima
ย 
Segunda geraรงรฃo do modernismo
Segunda geraรงรฃo do modernismoSegunda geraรงรฃo do modernismo
Segunda geraรงรฃo do modernismoViviane Dilkin Endler
ย 

Was ist angesagt? (20)

O que รฉ Concretismo? Principais caracterรญsticas, influรชncias e autores.
O que รฉ Concretismo? Principais caracterรญsticas, influรชncias e autores.O que รฉ Concretismo? Principais caracterรญsticas, influรชncias e autores.
O que รฉ Concretismo? Principais caracterรญsticas, influรชncias e autores.
ย 
Atendimento telefรณnico
Atendimento telefรณnicoAtendimento telefรณnico
Atendimento telefรณnico
ย 
Oracao subordinada substantivablog2015
Oracao subordinada substantivablog2015Oracao subordinada substantivablog2015
Oracao subordinada substantivablog2015
ย 
Paradoxos
ParadoxosParadoxos
Paradoxos
ย 
Peรงa sobre o Cรขncer do colo do รบtero e HPV
Peรงa sobre o Cรขncer do colo do รบtero e HPVPeรงa sobre o Cรขncer do colo do รบtero e HPV
Peรงa sobre o Cรขncer do colo do รบtero e HPV
ย 
Realismo naturalismo
Realismo   naturalismoRealismo   naturalismo
Realismo naturalismo
ย 
Intertextualidade e linguagem Catia Delatorre
Intertextualidade e linguagem   Catia DelatorreIntertextualidade e linguagem   Catia Delatorre
Intertextualidade e linguagem Catia Delatorre
ย 
ๆœ‰้—œ้ซ˜ๆ™ฎ่€ƒ้–ฑๅท็š„็ง˜่พ›.
ๆœ‰้—œ้ซ˜ๆ™ฎ่€ƒ้–ฑๅท็š„็ง˜่พ›.ๆœ‰้—œ้ซ˜ๆ™ฎ่€ƒ้–ฑๅท็š„็ง˜่พ›.
ๆœ‰้—œ้ซ˜ๆ™ฎ่€ƒ้–ฑๅท็š„็ง˜่พ›.
ย 
Macunaรญma
MacunaรญmaMacunaรญma
Macunaรญma
ย 
Comunicaรงรฃo e Empregabilidade
Comunicaรงรฃo e EmpregabilidadeComunicaรงรฃo e Empregabilidade
Comunicaรงรฃo e Empregabilidade
ย 
Oraรงรตes subordinadas adverbiais 2013
Oraรงรตes subordinadas adverbiais 2013Oraรงรตes subordinadas adverbiais 2013
Oraรงรตes subordinadas adverbiais 2013
ย 
Literatura Gรณtica - Parte III
Literatura Gรณtica - Parte IIILiteratura Gรณtica - Parte III
Literatura Gรณtica - Parte III
ย 
Discurso direto, indireto e indireto livre
Discurso direto, indireto e indireto livreDiscurso direto, indireto e indireto livre
Discurso direto, indireto e indireto livre
ย 
Venha ver o por do sol
Venha ver o por do solVenha ver o por do sol
Venha ver o por do sol
ย 
gramin jeevan banam shehri jeevan.pptx
gramin jeevan banam shehri jeevan.pptxgramin jeevan banam shehri jeevan.pptx
gramin jeevan banam shehri jeevan.pptx
ย 
Concordancia verbal-completa
Concordancia verbal-completaConcordancia verbal-completa
Concordancia verbal-completa
ย 
Canรงรฃo do exรญlio intertextualidade
Canรงรฃo do exรญlio   intertextualidadeCanรงรฃo do exรญlio   intertextualidade
Canรงรฃo do exรญlio intertextualidade
ย 
Segunda geraรงรฃo do modernismo
Segunda geraรงรฃo do modernismoSegunda geraรงรฃo do modernismo
Segunda geraรงรฃo do modernismo
ย 
Concordรขncia nominal slides
Concordรขncia nominal slidesConcordรขncia nominal slides
Concordรขncia nominal slides
ย 
Os tipos de discurso
Os tipos de discursoOs tipos de discurso
Os tipos de discurso
ย 

DADA

  • 1. 1 91 5 ืข ื“ 19 23 D A D A ืชื™ื ื˜ ืจื•ืŸ ืก ืค ืจ ื• ืช ื ืž ื ื• ืช ืค ืœ ืก ื˜ ื™ืช ืฉ ื™ ืจ ื” ืจื” ืจื” ืจื” Dad a d adadadad adada dada dada dada Dadadadadada dadad adadadadadadada D ad adadad adada dada dadadadadadadada d ada dadadadad ada dadadadad ada ๏„๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก ๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก ๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค ๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก๏ค๏ก Dada dadada dadadadadad adadada dadadadadada dada dadadadadadadadada
  • 2. ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ... ืฉืœื•ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื™ืงืจื™ื . ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ืืžื ื•ืชื™ืช ืืฉืจ ื ืฉืื” ืืช ื”ืฉื ื”ืžื•ื–ืจ " ื“ืื“ื ". ื”ื•ื ืงืฆืช ืืจื•ืš , ืื‘ืœ ื›ื™ืฃ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ! ืื ื™ ืžืžืœื™ืฆื” ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืื‘ืœ ื”ื’ื ื‘ืชื™ ื’ื ืœื—ืฆื ื™ื ืกื•ืจืจื™ื ื”ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืชืขืงืฉ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื• ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืžืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื• . ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืชื›ื ื™ื ืœืงืจื™ืื” , ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจื” , ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉืืœื•ืช ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื” . ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืืชื ืžืื•ื“ ืชืฉืžื—ื• ืœื‘ืฆืข , ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืžื— ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื™ืืœืฅ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืื•ืชืŸ . ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืงืกื˜ , ืืชื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉืืœื•ืช . ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ , ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืชืกื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื•ืžืžืฉ ืชืจืฆื• ืขื•ื“ , ื›ื ืกื• ืœืคื•ืจื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื (...) ื•ืขืœื• ืœืฉื ืืช ืจืฉืžื™ื›ื , ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื›ื ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœื›ื . ื›ืœ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื™ืชืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” . ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื’ืฉื” ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ : ืชื” ื—ื ื•ืขื•ื’ื” . ืœืžื˜ืœื” ื”ืงื“ืฉืชื™ ืœื ื• ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื , ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื ื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืฉื ื™ ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ื—ื‘ื™ืœืช ืขื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืจื•ื . ืชืชืคืจืขื• ืœื›ื ๏Š
  • 3. ืž ื” ื– ื” ื‘ ื›ืœ ืœ ื“ืื“ ื ? ? ? ... ื• ื‘ ื›ืŸ , ืช ืœื• ื™ ื ืช ืž ื™ ื ืช ื ืฉ ื• ื ืœื™ ื ... ื”ืชื—ืœ ื›ืืŸ ื•ื’ืœื” ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœืš . ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื“ืื“ื ืžืกืคืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ืœืžื•ืฉื’ " ื“ืื“ื " ืžื‘ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ื ื•ืกื— ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ ื”ืจืฉืžื™ : ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืžื ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ื“ืื“ื ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื ืื—ืจื™ื” ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื“ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื ื—ืžื“ื” ืœืกื™ื•ื ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ : ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื . ืกื“ื ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืขื ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ ื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ืืŸ ืฆืืจื
  • 4. ื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœืคื ื™ืš ื•ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžืš ืฉื™ืจ ื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ื™ . ื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ืืŸ ืฆืืจื : ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืจ ื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ื™ ืงื— ื‘ื™ื“ืš ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ . ืงื— ืžืกืคืจื™ื™ื . ื‘ื—ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ื” ืฉืื•ืจื›ื” ื›ืื•ืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืืžืจืช ืœื—ื‘ืจ . ื’ื–ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื‘ื” . ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื’ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืชื‘ื” ื–ื• ื•ื”ื ื— ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืชื™ืง . ื ืขืจ ืงืœื•ืช . ื›ืขืช ื”ื•ืฆื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ . ื”ืขืชืง ื‘ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ื ื™ืฆืื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื™ืง . ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื™ื“ืžื” ืœืš . ื•ื”ืจื™ ืืชื” ืกื•ืคืจ ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืœืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ , ื‘ืขืœ ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื ืคืœืื” . ืื - ื›ื™ ื ื‘ืฆืจืช ืžื‘ื™ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ .
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11. ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ : ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” - ืžืœื—ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ืžืžื“ื™ื , ื‘ื” ืœืงื—ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช , ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช . ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉืง . ื”ืžืฉืง ื›ื•ืœื• - ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ื“ืข ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื•ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ - ื’ื•ื™ืก ืœืžืœื—ืžื” . ื”ื ืฉื™ื , ืฉืขื“ ืื– ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช , ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื›ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ืจื•ืฉืช ืื• ื›ืื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื•ืช ื‘ืคืฆื•ืขื™ื . ื–ื• ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืืฉืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช . ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืจื—ื‘ ื‘ืœื•ื—ืžื” ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ . ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืื‘ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื“ . ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืคืฆื™ืคื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœืžื™ืœื™ื˜ืจื™ื–ื . ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืžืชืขืจืขืจื™ื , ืœืžืฉืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” . ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ืงืœืขื•ืช ืœืžืฆื‘ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื’ืจื•ืข ืžืื•ื“ . ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื™ืฆืจื” ื˜ืจืื•ืžื” ื•ื–ืขื–ื•ืข ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื . ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ืข ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” - ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช , ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื—ืจื™ื” , ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืžืื•ื“ . ื’ื ื”ืžื“ืข ื•ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ืžืฉืชื›ืœืœื™ื . ( ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื™ืชื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื– ืื‘ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช , ืžืฆืœืžื” , ื•ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืชื”ื•ื•ืชื• ) ืžื‘ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืืžื ื•ืช - ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื’ื ืงื ื“ื™ื ืกืงื™ ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื•ืืช ื”ืžื“ืข ื›ื—ืกืจื™ ืชื•ืงืฃ , ืืš ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืืœื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื™ืข ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” , ื”ื›ืจื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ืืกืชื˜ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจื’ืช ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ . ื”ื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื”ื–ื• - ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืžืจ ืœืจื•ื— - ืชืคื™ืกื” ื‘ื•ืจื’ื ื™ืช ืงืœื•ืงืœืช .
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16. ืคืจื ืกื™ืก ืคื™ืงื‘ื™ื” , ื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ ื ืขืจื” ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ื‘ืขื™ืจื•ื , 1915 ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืืŸ ? ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืœืขื’ ืื‘ืกื•ืจื“ ืžื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื”
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25. Scene from " The Gas Heart " by Tristan Tzara ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืชื•ืš ืžื—ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื " ืœื‘ ื”ื’ื– " ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ื“ืื“ืื™ืกื˜ ื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืืŸ ืฆืืจื
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.