the Power of Storage SSDs to SAN

1. IBM Power Systems
Craig Johnson
The Power of Storage – SSDs to SAN Power Systems Software
All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change without notice, and represent goals and objectives only.
© 2009 IBM Corporation

2. IBM Power Systems
Mark Olson
The Power of i – Solid State Drives Power Systems Hardware
All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change without notice, and represent goals and objectives only.
© 2009 IBM Corporation

3. IBM Power Systems
Solid State Drives (SSD) Matching Applications’ Need
 Today‟s applications can often benefit with a faster storage option
 SSD high speed can really help get rid of I/O bottlenecks, bridging the gap
between memory and disk speeds
– Improve performance
– And save space, energy at the same time
SSD
Processors Memory Disk
Very, very, Very, very, Very, very slow
very, very, very fast Fast comparatively
very fast
1,000,000 -
< 10‟s ns ~100 ns ~200,000 ns
8,000,000 ns
Access Speed
3 © 2009 IBM Corporation

4. IBM Power Systems
SSD Performance – Magnitudes Faster than Disk (HDD)
30,000
25,000
Random I/O’s per second
20,000 (Sustained )
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
SSD HDD
HDD SSD
Cost
Cost
best best
SSD HDD
Performance Capacity
4 © 2009 IBM Corporation

5. IBM Power Systems
Example: Batch Window Reduction
 Bank running IBM i needed to reduce month
end batch run time from 4+ hours to under 3
hours
40% Reduction
 SSDs cut 1.5 hours from batch run time
– Plus a 16% reduction in # of disk drives Batch Performance Runs
5
4
# of SAS # of Batch Run
Hours
Disk Drives SSDs Time 3
Base run 72 0 4:22 2
SSD run 1 72 8 2:43 1
SSD run 2 60 4 2:48 0
72 HDD 72 HDD + 8 SSD 60 HDD + 4 SSD
 Leveraged recent IBM i enhancements
– Directed 8 DB2 Objects (table, index, view) to SSD
Source: IBM Power Systems Performance and Benchmark Center 5-23-09
5 © 2009 IBM Corporation

6. IBM Power Systems
Mixed SSD + HDD Can be Great Solution
 It is typical for data bases to have a large percentage of data which is infrequently used
(“cold”) and a small percentage of data which is frequently used (“hot”)
Hot data may be only 10-20% capacity, but represent 80-90% activity
 SSD offers best price performance when focused on “hot” data
 HDD offers best storage cost, so focus it on “cold” data …. a hierarchal approach
Cold May be able to use larger HDD and/or a larger % capacity used
Hot Can run SSD closer
to 100% capacity
6 © 2009 IBM Corporation

7. IBM Power Systems
Implementing “Hot” and “Cold” Data
IBM i 5.4 and later offers best integrated SSD options in the industry
Three options, (can use separately or all together):
1. SSD “Trace and Balance” function part of IBM i
– Monitors by partition or Aux Storage Pool to determine hot/cold
– Upon request, automatically moves hot data to SSD, cold to HDD
– Can re-monitor & rebalance any time
2. Can specify specific data base objects to be placed on SSD
3. A few key OS files automatically placed on SSD if present
7 © 2009 IBM Corporation

8. IBM Power Systems
Scenario: Complete HDD Refresh
 Modernize older HDD subsystem, replacing all old HDD with new SSD+HDD
 Put “hot” active data on SSD & put “cold” data on HDD
– Combination has better price performance than using all SSD
 Save space, power/cooling, improve performance and increase storage capacity
POWER5/6 5xx w/ older SCSI disk POWER6 5xx w/ SSD & newer SAS disk
 (360) 35GB disk = 12.6 TB  (32) 69 GB SSD = 2.2 TB
 152 U rack space (4.1 racks)  (48) 282 GB disk = 13.5 TB
 36 U rack space (1 rack)
4.5x fewer drives
25% higher capacity
Assumptions:
 Amount customer useable space net of parity protection not shown
 Ratio of hot to cold data for this scenario = 1 : 6 Will vary by client and application
 * Impact/benefit of using a higher % of drive‟s capacity not considered
 Example uses 4 partitions equal in size and configuration for disk and controllers
8 © 2009 IBM Corporation

9. IBM Power Systems
Scenario: Existing HDD Refresh - SSD Turbo-charger
Problem: Older HDD not meeting performance needs
 Normal tuning efforts have not worked
 Prefer not to mix newer HDD with older HDD
 Leases/budgets make it difficult to replace existing HDD
 Prefer not to invest more money in additional older HDD
Solution: Add SSD and keep HDD. Put “hot” data on SSD & keep “cold” data on HDD
 SSD gives performance boost to system …. SWAG 20-30%
 SSD provides new technology investment
 HDD usable capacity now larger … SWAG 20-30%...as average capacity utilization increased
 HDD financial investment protected/leveraged
POWER6 5xx w/ older SCSI disk
(360) 35GB disk = 12.6 TB
(12) 69 GB SSD = 756 G
Plus xx% more GB usable from HDD
Assume
• older drives 30% data capacity
• 80-20 cold-hot split
System configuration and usage will impact results and applicability
Then: 12 SSD covers hot data needs
9 © 2009 IBM Corporation

10. IBM Power Systems
Scenario: Existing SAN Refresh - SSD Turbo-charger
Problem: Older HDD in SAN not meeting performance needs
 Normal tuning efforts have not worked
 Leases/budgets make it difficult to replace existing SAN
 Prefer not to invest more money in additional older SAN resource
Solution: Add SSD and keep SAN. Put “hot” data on SSD & keep “cold” data on SAN
 SSD gives performance boost to system …. SWAG 20-40%
 SSD provides new technology investment
 SAN usable capacity can be larger SWAG 10-20%...as average capacity utilization increased
 HDD financial investment protected/leveraged
Same scenario works for SAN
(12) 69 GB SSD = 756 G
Plus xx% more GB usable from HDD
Note – additional
operational considerations
if SAN using higher level
functions such as flash
copy, metro mirroring, etc.
Assume
• older drives 30% data capacity
• 80-20 cold-hot split
System configuration and usage will impact results and applicability
Then: 12 SSD covers hot data needs
10 © 2009 IBM Corporation

11. IBM Power Systems
Will SSD Benefit Your POWER6 Configuration?
 Yes, will benefit, BUT want to focus SSD use where the best return on
investment (ROI) – addressing your batch window or response time
challenges caused by I/O bottleneck
 SSD‟s best ROI is with workloads with high percentage of random reads,
– Lower ROI with high percentage writes or predictable reads
 Quick, easy way to analyze your specific configuration: just-released
SSD Analyzer Tool & instructions
– Down load from IBM Techdocs
http://www.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS3780
– Collect performance data as usual on IBM i 5.4 or 6.1 system
– SSD Analyzer evaluates collected data
Provides a “yes”, “probably no”, or “maybe” answer
 IBM Techline and/or ATS marketing support groups can then further
assist in analyzing details of SSD configuration needed
11 © 2009 IBM Corporation

12. IBM Power Systems
Some SSD Specifics SFF SSD
 69.7 GB capacity per SSD drive
– Enterprise class SSD (not cheap PC SSD)
 SSD Located on POWER6 server
– 3.5-inch SAS drive bay of #5886 EXP 12S SAS Disk Drawer
3.5-inch SSD
– 3.5-inch SAS drive bay of Power 560/570 CEC
– SFF drive bay of Power 520/550 CEC
 SFF & 3.5” attached to SAS adapter, just like “classic” SAS disk drives
– PCI-X 1.5 GB cache controller
– Embedded controller of Power 520/550 and Power 560/570
• Less horsepower than 1.5 GB controller, lower price
 Contents protected like “classic” SAS drives
– Mirroring, RAID-5 or RAID-6 (and hot spare)
 IBM i 5.4 or later
 POWER6 servers (not POWER5 or earlier)
12 © 2009 IBM Corporation

13. IBM Power Systems
Power Systems SSD White Papers
 IBM i-specific
– “Performance Value of Solid State Drives using IBM i”
– First published May 2009
 More technology specific – AIX/IBM i/Linux appropriate
– “Performance Impacts of Flash SSDs Upon IBM Power Systems”
– First published June 2009
 AIX-specific
– “Driving Business Value on Power Systems with Solid State Drives”
– First published April 2009
 Above papers in Power Systems web site under “Resources/Literature”
– http://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/apilite?infotype=SA&infosubt=WH&lastdays=1825&hitlimit=2
00&ctvwcode=US&pubno=POW*USEN&appname=STGE_PO_PO_USEN_WH&additional=summ
ary&contents=keeponlit
 SAP environment white paper with IBM i in SAP web site
– http://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/db4?rid=/library/uuid/90a1637e-065f-2c10-3ab7-bea9375fc88d
13 © 2009 IBM Corporation

14. The Power of i – SAN Capabilities
Vess Natchev
IBM Systems Lab Services & Training
All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change without notice, and represent goals and objectives only.
© 2009 IBM Corporation

15. IBM Power Systems
IBM i Direct Support for DS5000*
 IBM i plans to support direct attachment to DS5000 storage in 4Q
2009 to enable simpler SAN planning and leverage midrange
open storage
 DS5000 benefits
– Multiple RAID levels, including RAID 6
– Custom XOR processor for RAID calculations
– Consolidated storage for IBM i, Unix, Linux, Windows applications
– Can use FC or SATA drives
FC strongly recommended for IBM i production workloads
 Support statements:
– DS5100 and DS5300 only in 4Q 2009
Power Hypervisor
– IBM 6.1.1
– POWER6 hardware
– POWER5(+) hardware not supported
– IBM 5.4 and 5.4.5 not supported
– Smart FC adapter (#5735, #5774, #5749 only)
– PowerVM and VIOS not required
 DS5000 performance for IBM i
– Significant improvement over DS4000 through VIOS, esp. RAID5
– Similar to DS5000 through VIOS
* All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or
withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only.
15 © 2009 IBM Corporation

16. IBM Power Systems
IBM i VIOS Support for DS5000
 IBM i supports IBM DS5100 and DS5300 with PowerVM VIOS
configurations to leverage the latest midrange storage offerings
for storage consolidation of multiple workloads
 DS5000 benefits
– Multiple RAID levels, including RAID 6
– Custom XOR processor for RAID calculations VIOS
– Consolidated storage for IBM i, Unix, Linux, Windows applications
– Can use FC or SATA drives
FC strongly recommended for IBM i production workloads Power Hypervisor
 VIOS can virtualize DS5000 storage to IBM i, AIX, Linux
– PowerVM VIOS configurations with IBM i 6.1 partitions
– POWER6 processor-based tower and rack servers
– IBM is planning to support POWER6 processor-based blades
 DS5000 performance for IBM i
– Significant improvement over DS4000, esp. RAID5
– See DS5000 performance white paper at
http://www.ibm.com/systems/i/advantages/perfmgmt/resource.html
16 © 2009 IBM Corporation

17. IBM Power Systems
IBM i VIOS Support for SVC
 IBM i supports IBM Systems Storage SAN Volume Controller
with PowerVM VIOS configurations to help reduce costs and
improve flexibility of enterprise storage environments
 SVC is combines storage capacity from multiple disk systems into a
single reservoir that can be used by multiple servers
– Increasing storage virtualization VIOS
– Improving productivity of storage administrators
– Enhancing availability with copy services Power Hypervisor
 SVC supports heterogeneous storage and operating systems
– Storage: including IBM and non-IBM disk subsystems
– Support based on SVC data sheet
– OS: including AIX, Linux, Windows, and UNIX
 VIOS can virtualize SVC storage to IBM i
– PowerVM VIOS configurations with IBM i 6.1 partitions
– SVC and SVC Entry Editions
– POWER6 processor-based servers and blades
17 http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/storage/software/virtualization/svc/specifications.html © 2009 IBM Corporation

18. IBM Power Systems
IBM i VIOS Support for XIV
 IBM i supports IBM XIV Storage System with PowerVM VIOS
configurations to leverage simplicity in SAN configuration
 XIV benefits:
– Massive parallelism
– No arm skew (hot spots)
VIOS
– Thin provisioning built-in
– Ease of configuration (no RAID array creation, simple GUI)
– Rapid self-healing Power Hypervisor
– Off-the-shelf components (cost)
 VIOS can virtualize XIV storage to IBM i
– PowerVM VIOS configurations with IBM i 6.1 partitions
– POWER6 processor-based servers and blades
18 http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/storage/software/virtualization/svc/specifications.html © 2009 IBM Corporation

19. IBM Power Systems
IBM Systems Storage Support for IBM i
Direct Attach
DS5100* DS5300* DS6800 DS8100 DS8300
Systems POWER6* POWER6* POWER5/6 POWER5/6* POWER5/6*
Ports (max) Fibre -8 Fibre -16 Fibre - 8 Fibre - 64 Fibre - 128
# of drives (max) 256 448 128 384 1024
FC/SATA FC/SATA FC, FATA FC, FATA FC, FATA
Cache (max) 8 GB 16 GB 4 GB 128 GB 256 GB
RAID 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 10 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 10 5, 10 5, 6, 10 5, 6, 10
System Storage Managed
FlashCopy Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Metro Mirror Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Global Mirror Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
PowerHA Managed
Metro Mirror No No Yes Yes Yes
Global Mirror No No Yes Yes Yes
Geo Mirror Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Logical Replication
iCluster & Other Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
•Source: http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/storage/disk/product-compare.html
* All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or
19 withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only. © 2009 IBM Corporation

20. IBM Power Systems
IBM Systems Storage Support for IBM i
PowerVM VIOS Attach
DS3200 DS3400 DS4700 DS4800 DS5100 DS5300 XIV
Systems BladeCenter S POWER6 POWER6 POWER6 POWER6 POWER6 POWER6
and H BladeCenter H BladeCenter H BladeCenter H BladeCenter H BladeCenter H BladeCenter H
VIOS Yes Yes Yes Yes Optional Optional Yes
Ports (max) SAS - 4 Fibre - 4 Fibre - 8 Fibre -8 Fibre -8 Fibre -16 Fibre -24
# of drives (max) 48 SAS/SATA 48 SAS/SATA 112 224 256 448 180
FC/SATA FC/SATA FC/SATA FC/SATA SATA
Cache (max) 1 GB 1 GB 4 GB 16 GB 8 GB 16 GB 120 GB
RAID 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 10 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 10 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 10 0, 1, 3, 5, 10 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 10 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 10 Mirrored
System Storage Managed
FlashCopy Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Metro Mirror No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Global Mirror No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No
PowerHA Managed
Metro Mirror No No No No No No No
Global Mirror No No No No No No No
Geo Mirror Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Logical Replication
iCluster & Other Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
•Source: http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/storage/disk/product-compare.html
20 © 2009 IBM Corporation

21. IBM Power Systems
How to Configure Open Storage for IBM i
Before you start: IBM i Virtualization and Open Storage Read-me First –
http://www.ibm.com/systems/i/os/
 Step 1: Perform sizing
– Use Disk Magic, where applicable
– Use the PCRM, Ch. 14.5 – http://www.ibm.com/systems/i/advantages/perfmgmt/resource.html
– Number of physical drives is still most important
– VIOS itself does not add significant disk I/O overhead
– For production workloads, keep each i partition on a separate RAID array
 Step 2: Use appropriate storage UI and Redbook for your environment to create LUNs for IBM i and attach to VIOS (or
use TPC or SSPC where applicable)
DS Storage Manager for DS8000 Storage Manager SVC Console for XIV Storage GUI for
DS3200, DS3400, DS4700, for DS8100 and DS8300 SVC XIV
DS4800, DS5100, DS5300
21 © 2009 IBM Corporation

22. IBM Power Systems
How to Configure Open Storage for IBM i, Cont.
 Step 3: Assign LUNs to IBM i
– „cfgdev‟ in VIOS CLI necessary to detect new physical volumes if VIOS is running
– Virtualize whole LUNs/drives (“physical volumes”) to IBM i
– Do not use storage pools in VIOS
If using If using
HMC IVM
– Create VSCSI adapters for VIOS – Assign LUNs to IBM i in IVM
and IBM i partitions
– Assign LUNs to IBM i in HMC
Requires latest HMC release
22 © 2009 IBM Corporation

23. IBM Power Systems
VIOS Configuration: HMC System
1) Assign XIV volumes to FC adapters in VIOS using WWPNs
2) In HMC: System->Configuration->Virtual Resources->Virtual Storage Management
 No need to use VIOS command line
 Assign volume to correct IBM i LPAR
 Volume then becomes available to IBM i as DDxx
23 © 2009 IBM Corporation

24. IBM Power Systems
VIOS Configuration: IVM System
1) Assign XIV volumes to FC adapters in VIOS using WWPNs
2) In IVM: View/Modify Virtual Storage  Physical Volumes
 No need to use VIOS command line
 Assign volume to correct IBM i LPAR
 Volume then becomes available to IBM i as DDxx
24 © 2009 IBM Corporation

25. IBM Power Systems
IBM i View: Service Tools I
 Virtual storage IOA is the VSCSI client adapter in IBM i partition
 Disk units are virtual target devices mapped to LUNs in VIOS
 Disk units show the same type and model regardless of backend storage subsystem
25 © 2009 IBM Corporation

26. IBM Power Systems
IBM i View: Service Tools II
 No concept of “IBM i protected” and “IBM i unprotected” LUNs with open storage
 Standard open storage LUNs created, attached to AIX/VIOS-type host
 Once virtualized by VIOS, LUNs will appear unprotected in IBM i
 LUNs should not be mirrored in IBM (already protected on SAN)
 LUNs assigned to ASPs/IASPs as any other disk
26 © 2009 IBM Corporation

27. IBM Power Systems
IBM i View: Operating System
 Type of virtualized disk is always 6B22 (same as when IBM i is hosting IBM i)
 Size does not have to match physical disk unit sizes
 Supported sizes for LUNs through VIOS are 160MB – 2TB
27 © 2009 IBM Corporation

28. IBM Power Systems
DS4000/DS5000 Copy Services – Flash Copy
• DS4000/DS5000 FlashCopy and VolumeCopy
• Production LPAR on IBM Power are supported by IBM as a client of VIOS on
server or Power Blade both IBM Power servers and IBM Power blades
• IBM i as client of VIOS
• Full-system FlashCopy and VolumeCopy
• Manual solution when the production IBM i logical partition
• No toolkit available
(LPAR) is powered off are supported
• Not supported by PowerHA
• Full-system FlashCopy and VolumeCopy
when the production IBM i LPAR is in restricted
state are supported
Fibre Channel
• The DS4000/DS5000 'disable' and 're-create'
functions with full-system FlashCopy and
VolumeCopy when the production IBM i LPAR is
powered off or is in restricted state are
supported
Fibre Channel • Full-system FlashCopy and VolumeCopy of
the production IBM i logical partition (LPAR)
after only using the IBM i 6.1 memory flush to
disk (quiesce) function are not supported
• DS4700, DS4800, DS5100, DS5300
• Full-system FlashCopy and VolumeCopy
• FlashCopy or Volume Copy
when the production IBM i LPAR is running are
• Full system only
not supported
• FlashCopy and VolumeCopy of Independent
• Backup LPAR on IBM Power server or Power blade
Auxiliary Storage Pools (IASPs) are not
• IBM i as client of VIOS
supported
See IBM i Virtualization and Open Storage Read-me First (Ch. 12) – http://www.ibm.com/systems/i/os/
28 © 2009 IBM Corporation

29. IBM Power Systems
DS4000/DS5000 Copy Services – Replication
• Production LPAR on IBM Power • Manual solution • PowerHA for IBM i (Geographic Mirroring,
server or Power Blade • No toolkit available specifically) is also supported and is lead-with
• IBM i as client of VIOS • Not supported by PowerHA solution
• DS4000/DS5000 ERM is supported by IBM
as a client of VIOS on both IBM Power
servers and IBM Power blades
• Metro and Global Mirror are supported
Fibre Channel
• Metro and Global Mirror for planned failover
• DS4700, DS4800, DS5100, DS5300 (IBM i production LPAR is powered off) are
• Metro and Global Mirror supported
• Full system only
• Metro and Global Mirror for planned failover
(IBM i production LPAR is running) are
supported
• Replication of IASPs is not supported
Fibre Channel • Suspending replication and accessing the
replicated LUNs on backup site is not
supported
• Backup LPAR on IBM Power server or Power blade
• IBM i as client of VIOS
See IBM i Virtualization and Open Storage Read-me First (Ch. 12) – http://www.ibm.com/systems/i/os/
29 © 2009 IBM Corporation

30. IBM Power Systems
IBM Systems Lab Services Virtualization Program
 What is it?
– Free presales technical assistance from Lab Services
– Help with virtualization solutions:
Open storage
Power blades
IBM Systems Director VMControl
Other PowerVM technologies
– Design solution, hold Q&A session with client, verify hardware configuration
 Who can use it?
– IBMers, Business Partners, clients
 How do I use it?
– Contact Lab Services – Sandy Brow sbrow@us.ibm.com
– Complete nomination form; send form in
– Participate in assessment call with Virtualization Program team
– Work with dedicated Lab Services technical resource to design solution
30 © 2009 IBM Corporation

31. IBM Power Systems
Vouchers for Power Systems
 Free postsales getting-started assistance from Lab Services
 http://www.ibm.com/systems/power/hardware/vouchers/index.html
31 © 2009 IBM Corporation

32. IBM Power Systems
Documentation
 Performance
– Latest Performance Capabilities Reference manual, Chapter 14.5 –
http://www.ibm.com/systems/i/advantages/perfmgmt/resource.html
– Disk Magic strongly recommended for sizing
 Implementation and support statements
– IBM i Virtualization and Open Storage Read-me First (2nd half) – http://www.ibm.com/systems/i/os/
 Implementation
– IBM i and Midrange External Storage Redbook
 VIOS
– PowerVM Editions Guide: http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/systems/scope/hw/index.jsp?topic=/arecu/arecukickoff.htm
– VIOS command line – http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/systems/scope/hw/index.jsp?topic=/iphb1/iphb1_vios_commandslist.htm
– VIOS-only support statements – http://www14.software.ibm.com/webapp/set2/sas/f/vios/documentation/datasheet.html
32 © 2009 IBM Corporation

33. IBM Power Systems
33 © 2009 IBM Corporation

34. IBM Power Systems
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35. IBM Power Systems
Special notices (cont.)
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35 © 2009 IBM Corporation