To determine if a mutation is recessive or dominant, one would analyze how the mutation is expressed in offspring from a cross between a heterozygous carrier and a normal individual. Northern blots are preferred for detecting specific RNA sequences, while microarrays allow for analyzing expression of many genes simultaneously but with less specificity. Mobile elements are segments of DNA that can move within and between genomes, often through an RNA intermediate copied back into DNA at a new location. One way to identify a human genetic disease is through linkage analysis, which maps DNA markers near a disease gene within families.