Presentation of Principle of Management by Happy Kurnia Wijaya

1. CHAPTER 5
International Management

2. GLOBALISASI
KBBI : glo·ba·li·sa·si n proses masuknya ke ruang lingkup dunia

3. Keywords :
 Global economy
 Global management
 Global manager
 Global business

4. Global Business
 Market entry strategies : Strategi masuk pasar
global namun dengan biaya investasi murah
Contoh Market level strategies :
 Global sourcing
 Exporting
 Importing
 Licensing agreement
 Franchising

5.  Direct Investment Strategies :
Mahal, tapi aman. Jadi bisa memiliki hak
kepemilikan dan kontrol langsung.
Tipe & Keywords
 JointVenture : Kerjasama
 StrategicAlliances : Berbagi modal dan skill
 Foreign Subsidiaries : Dimiliki

6. Global Business Environment
Things to watch :
 Legal and political systems
 Trade agreements and trade
barriers
 Regional economic alliances

7. Global Business
Tipe :
 Global corporation
Multinasional, operasi ekstensif di lebih dari 1
negara
 Transnational corporation
Multinasional, operasi internasional tanpa batas
Bisa menguntungkan untuk perusahaan dan
host country.Tapi bisa merugikan juga.

8. Tiap daerah berbeda dan sangat memengaruhi
Ekonomi Global dan Manajemennya. Untuk itu,
demi menembus pasar global sebelumnya perlu
belajar soal budaya daerah tersebut (yang
bersangkutan), politik , peraturan, geografis,
dan hal-hal esensial lainnya supaya bisnis
berjalan lancar.

9. Chapter 6
Entrepreneurship and
Small Business
Management

10. Entrepeneurship :
Tindakan risk-taking yang bisa membuka suatu
kesempatan baru. Dalam hal ini usaha/bisnis.
Ciri khas entrepeneurship :
Internal locus of control
High energy level
High need for achievement
Tolerance for ambiguity
Selfconfidence
Passion and action orientation

11.  Belakangan ada necessity-based
entrepreneurship : Dilakukan karena tidak
ada/kehabisan lapangan pekerjaan, makanya
membuat sendiri.
 Social entrepeneurship : Entrepeneurship untuk
mengatasi isu-isu sosial.

12. Small Business
Macam-macam cara mulai :
 Start up
 Franchise
 Lean Start-Up
 Ada juga yang langsung dimulai dari sebuah
usaha keluarga

13.  Ada yang namanya Small-Business
Incubators/Start Up Incubators : Membantu sar-
pras/merancangkan sistem/etc yang berguna
untuk start-up sebuah usaha.
 Untuk memulai, biasanya diperlukan Business
Plan yang baik dan representatif. Untuk apa?
Untuk meyakinkan investor dan atau bank untuk
menyumbangkan modal.

14. Ownership
 Sole ownership /Tunggal
 Partnership -> General dan Limited
 Corporation
 LLC (Limited Liability Company) : Gabungan
semua diatas untuk mengurangi kerugian.

15. Financing
 Debt
 Equity
 Venture Capitalists
 Angel Investor
 Initial Public Offering

16. Chapter 11
Organizational Change
and Development

17.  Organizational culture
The system of shared beliefs and values that
develops within an organization and guides the
behavior of its members.
 Socialization
How new members learn the culture of the
Organization.

18.  Strong Culture
 ObservableCulture
 Core Culture :
Underlying assumptions and beliefs that influence
behavior and contribute to the
observable culture.
Important cultural values include:
 Performance excellence
 Innovation
 Social responsibility
 Integrity
 Worker involvement
 Customer service
 Teamwork

19.  Value-based management:
Describes managers who actively help to
develop, communicate, and enact shared
values.
 Symbolic Leader : Leader yang simbolik. Banyak
menggunakan metafor, simbol, rites, dkk.

20. Multiculural Organization
 Plural, diverse.
 Lingkungan multikultural saling meghormati
dan meminimalisir masalah diversitas.
 Sering ada masalah dengan minoritas dan
wanita. Ada juga etnosentrisme.

21. Diversity leadership approaches:
 Managing diversity commits to building an
organizational culture that allows all
members to reach their full potential
 Affirmative action commits the organization
to hiring and advancing minorities and
women
 Valuing diversity commits the organization to
education and training programs

22. Change Leader
 Membawa perubahan.
Change leadership
 Forward-looking
 Proactive
 Embraces new ideas
Top Down Change, Bottom Up change,
Integrated change.
Perubahan ada Incremental danTransformational.

23. Planned Change
 Step : Unfreezing -> Change -> Refreezing
Improvisational Change :Terus menerus dan
menyesuaikan kondisi.
Strategy of Change :
 Force Coercion
 Rational Persuation
 Shared Powers

24. Changes
Why people resist change:
 Fear of the unknown
 Disrupted habits
 Loss of confidence
 Loss of control
 Poor timing
 Work overload
 Loss of face
 Lack of purpose

25. Methods for dealing with resistance to change:
 Education and communication
 Participation and involvement
 Facilitation and support
 Facilitation and agreement
 Manipulation and co-optation
 Explicit and implicit coercion

26. Chapter 3
Ethical Behavior and
Social Responsibility

27. Ethics
 Code of moral principles.
 Set standards of “good” or “bad” or “right” or
“wrong” in one’s conduct.
Ethical behavior
 What is accepted as good and right in the
context of the governing moral code.

28.  Legal behavior tidak selalu ethical behavior.
 Values :Yang satu orang anut dan mempengaruhi
tingkah laku.
TerminalValues & InstrumentalValues :
Terminal : Fokus ke akhir.
Instrumental : Bagaimana sampai ke akhir.
Alternative ethical views :
 Utilitarian
Delivers the greatest good to the most people
 Individualism
Advances long-term self-interests
 Moral rights
Maintains fundamental rights of all human beings

29.  Cultural Issues :
Relativism, Universalism, Ethical Imperialism
 Ethical Dilemma : Dimana hal yang dilakukan
dan beneficial (untuk diri sendiri/organisasi)
dianggap tidak etis.
 Ethical Framework : Ada guidelines untuk
decision making yang etis

30.  Codes of Ethical Conduct : Kode etis yang
dinyatakan secara formal dalam satu organisasi
mengenai tindakan dan keputusan apa yang
akan diambil.
 Manajers : Immoral, Amoral, Moral
 Whistleblowers : Membongkar tindakan yang
“salah”

31.  Social Entrepeneurship :
Berusaha menyelesaikan dan mengatasi isu – isu
sosial.
 CSR : Corporate Social Responsibilty
Tindakan yang dilakukan untuk kesejahteraan
bersama. Korporat tidak hanya
memperhitungkan keuntungan pribadi saja.