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2 The district judge for Linn County would like to estimate the costs of trying civil cases versus criminal cases. Most costs can be directly traced to one type of case or the other. However, the costs of operating the court clerk\'s office, the central records office and the court recorder pool are more problematic. A recent study revealed the following costs and percentages of time that each department spent servicing one another relative to actual court cases Court Clerk Central Records Recorder Pool Civil Criminal Ca Costs ses Cases $50,000 [ Clerk] 20,000 [Records].3 30,000 [ Pool] 2 4 A. Allocate the service[support] department costs to the two types of cases using the direct method. Show all your work. Solution A) Allocate Service Cost Using direct method First we have to calculate the factors to apportion service department overheads: We then multiply the service department overhead by the above factors to obtain the amount of overhead to be allocated to each production department. .

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1. Exercise 8-13 Basic Payback Period and Simple Rate of Return Computations [LO8-1, LO8-6] A piece of laborsaving equipment has just come onto the market that Mitsui Electronics, Ltd., could use to reduce costs in one of its plants in Japan. Relevant data relating to the equipment follow: Purchase cost of the equipment $ 682,000 Annual cost savings that will be provided by the equipment $ 110,000 Life of the equipment 10 years Required: 1-a. Compute the payback period for the equipment. 2. Problem 10-22 Performance Report for a Nonprofit Organization [LO10-1, LO10-4, LO10-6] The St. Lucia Blood Bank, a private charity partly supported by government grants, is located on the Caribbean island of St. Lucia. The blood bank has just finished its operations for September, which was a particularly busy month due to a powerful hurricane that hit neighboring islands causing many injuries. The hurricane largely bypassed St. Lucia, but residents of St. Lucia willingly donated their blood to help people on other islands. As a consequence, the blood bank collected and processed over 20% more blood than had been originally planned for the month. A report prepared by a government official comparing actual costs to budgeted costs for the blood bank appears below. Continued support from the government depends on the blood bank’s ability to demonstrate control over its costs. St. Lucia Blood Bank Cost Control Report For the Month Ended September 30 Actual Results Planning Budget Variances Liters of blood collected 880 700 Medical supplies $ 10,505 $ 8,365 $ 2,140 U Lab tests 12,359 10,185 2,174 U Equipment depreciation 2,020 1,800 220 U Rent 1,300 1,300 0 Utilities 286 260 26 U Administration 14,245 14,100 145 U Total expense $ 40,715 $ 36,010 $ 4,705 U The managing director of the blood bank was very unhappy with this report, claiming that his costs were higher than expected due to the emergency on the neighboring islands. He also pointed out that the additional costs had been fully covered by payments from grateful recipients on the other islands. The government official who prepared the report countered that all of the figures had been submitted by the blood bank to the government; he was just pointing out that actual costs were a lot higher than promised in the budget. The following cost formulas were used to construct the planning budget: Cost Formulas Medical supplies $11.95q Lab tests $14.55q Equipment depreciation $1,800 Rent $1,300 Utilities $260 Administration $12,700 + $2.00q Required: 1. Complete the performance report for September using the flexible budget approach. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance). Input all amounts as positive values. Do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answers to nearest whole dollar.) 3. Problem 11-14 Basic Variance Analysis [LO11-1, LO11-2, LO.

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Project 3: Recording Daily and Adjusting Entries, and Preparing and Evaluating Financial Statements [The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] Introduction Jones Widget Company (JWC) incorporated at the beginning of 2014. Below is the post closing trial balance as of 12/31/2014. Account Title Balance Cash 9,600 Accounts Receivable 8,300 Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 900 Inventory 12,060 Prepaid Rent 1,700 Equipment 26,000 Accumulated Depreciation 2,500 Accounts Payable 0 Sales Tax payable 550 FICA Taxes Payable 700 Federal Income Tax (FIT) Payable 550 Wages Payable 1,600 Unemployment taxes payable 350 Unearned Revenue 6,400 Interest Payable 300 Notes Payable 15,000 Common Stock 13,800 Add'l PIC 9,710 RE - December 31, 2014 8,900 Treasury Stock 3,600 Additional Information: • JWC establishes a policy that it will sell inventory at $160 per unit. Sales taxes are 6%. JWC will use the FIFO method and record COGS on a perpetual basis. • Employee wages are $4,100 per month. Employees are paid on the 16th for the first half of the month and on the first of the following month for the second half of each month. The income taxes withheld are $275 each paycheck, and the FICA taxes are $175 per paycheck. The withholding and the employer’s matching contribution are paid monthly on the second day of the month. In addition, unemployment taxes of $55 are accrued with each payroll. The taxes are paid on March 31. • The Beginning inventory of $12,060 consists of 180 units. • The Prepaid Rent balance is for January 2015. • The equipment was purchased on July 1, 2014. It is being depreciated using the straight line method. • Unearned Revenue is for 40 units ordered and paid for in advance by two customers in late December. One order will be filled in January, the remainder in early February. • The Notes payable represents a $15,000 bank loan received on October 1, 2013 at 8% annual interest. • The par value on the common stock is $2. • The treasury stock account has 600 shares. • Record all transactions to the nearest dollar. Below are transactions for January 2015 Jan 1 Paid December 31 payroll previously accrued. Jan 2 A $91,000 6% six year bond is issued. The effective yield is 7%. 6% 7% Present Value of $1 factors .7050 .6663 Present Value of an Annuity of $1 factors 4.9173 4.7665 Jan 2 A truck is purchased for $10,500 cash. It is estimated the truck will be used for 50,000 miles and will have no salvage value. (Record the purchase to the account "Vehicles"). Jan 2 Payroll taxes payable (FIT & FICA) recorded in December are remitted to the IRS. Jan 5 A $900 customer account is written off as uncollectible. Jan 6 Sales on account of 175 units of inventory occur during January. Include sales tax of 6%. Jan 10 Sales taxes of $550 which had been collected and recorded in December are paid to the state. Jan.

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Week 3 DQs LIFO vs. FIFO The controller of Sagehen Enterprises believes that the company should switch from the LIFO method to the FIFO method. The controller’s bonus is based on the next income. It is the controller’s belief that the switch in inventory methods would increase the net income of the company. What are the differences between the LIFO and FIFO methods? Depreciation A variety of depreciation methods are used to allocate the cost of an asset to all of the accounting periods benefited by the use of the asset. Your client has just purchased a piece of equipment for $100,000. Explain the concept of depreciation. Which of the following depreciation methods would you recommend: straight-line depreciation, double declining balance method, or an alternative method? Assignment 1. Specific identification method. Boston Galleries uses the specific identification method for inventory valuation. Inventory information for several oil paintings follows. Painting Cost 1/2 Beginning inventory Woods $21,000 4/19 Purchase Sunset 21,800 6/7 Purchase Earth 31,200 12/16 Purchase Moon 4,000 Woods and Moon were sold during the year for a total of $35,000. Determine the firm’s a. cost of goods sold. b. gross profit. c. ending inventory. 2. Inventory valuation methods: basic computations. The January beginning inventory of the White Company consisted of 300 units costing $40 each. During the first quarter, the company purchased two batches of goods: 700 Units at $44 on February 21 and 800 units at $50 on March 28. Sales during the first quarter were 1,400 units at $75 per unit. The White Company uses a periodic inventory system. Using the White Company data, fill in the following chart to compare the results obtained under the FIFO, LIFO, and weighted-average inventory methods. FIFO LIFO Weighted Average Goods available for sale $ $ $ Ending inventory, March 31 Cost of goods sold 3. Perpetual inventory system: journal entries. At the beginning of 20X3, Beehler Company implemented a computerized perpetual inventory system. The first transactions that occurred during 20X3 follow: · 1/2/20X3 Purchases on account: 500 units @ $6 = $3,000 · 1/15/20X3 Sales on account: 300 units @ $8.50 = $2,550 · 1/20/20X3 Purchases on Account: 200 units @ 5 = $1,000 · 1/25/20X3 Sales on Account: 300 units @ $8.50 = $2,550 The company president examined the computer-generated journal entries for these transactions and was confused by the absence of a Purchases account. a. Duplicate the journal entries that would have appeared on the computer printout under FIFO & LIFO b. Calculate the balance in the firm’s Inventory account under each method. c. Briefly explain the absence of the Purchases account to the company president. 4. Inventory valuation methods: computations and concepts. Wild Riders Surfboard Company began business on January 1 of the current y.

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1Experimental Chemistry Data Analysis 1. How do you know when to name something as an ionic compound? 2. How do you know when to name something as a molecular compound? 3. How does naming an ionic compound differ from naming a molecular compound? 4. How do you know when a polyatomic ion is present? Why do we include a Roman numeral in the name for compounds containing a transition metal and not for main group metals? 5. Solution 1. Ionic compounds contain ionic bond. When an electropositive metal (preferably groups 1 and 2) forms a compound with an electronegative element, it is an ionic compound. Eg- NaCl 2. Molecular bonds are formed by sharing of electrons. We can identify a compound as molecular compound if it has two or more non metal elements. 3. Naming of molecular compounds includes naming the first Atom as such and the second atom with a suffix of -ide. The number of atoms is also mentioned . Eg- carbon dioxide Ionic compound naming involves naming the first atom as such and attaching -ide with the name of second atom. Number of atoms is not mentioned. Eg- sodium chloride 4. If the ion has more than 1 atom, it is polyionic. We can see that by checking the number of non metal in the compound. If there is more than 1, it is polyatomic ion. Eg- carbonate ion has carbon and oxygen. 5. The Roman numeral represents the coordination number of the transition metal which is not applicable in case of main group metals as they don\'t form ligands. .

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18) Explain why oil and water do not mix. A) Water is not able to ionize in oil. B) The dipole-dipole force between water and oil molecules is too strong. C) Water molecules are polar and oil molecules are not polar D) Oil molecules cannot break the ionic bonds in water E) The viscosity of oil doesn\'t allow mixing of the water molecules. 19) Place the following aqueous solutions of nonvolatile, nonionic compounds in order ot decreasing (highest to lowest) osmotic pressure. I. 0.011 M sucrose II. 0.00095 M galactose III. 0.0060 M glycerin A)I > 111 >11 C) II > III >I 20) Why isn\'t pentanol (CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH) very soluble in water? A) Pentanol cannot engage in hydrogen-bonding interactions. B) Pentanol is too viscous so it cannot mix with water. C) Pentanol\'s ion-dipole interactions with water are not strong enough. D) Most of the pentanol molecule is nonpolar, so it exhibits mainly dispersion forces, making it difficult to dissolve in water. E) Most of the pentanol molecule is polar, so it exhibits mainly dipole-dipoles forces making it difficult to dissolve in water. Solution Ans 18 : C) Water molecules are polar and oil molecules are not polar Since water molecule are polar and oil molecules are non polar, they are attracted to each other more than the other oil molecules , in accordance with the general solubility rule that \"like dissolves like\". Moreover oil being less denser than water , floats over the top of water surface . .

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17. Calcium sulfate has a soluble form in water, formed according to: Ca 2+ (aq) + SO4 2- (aq) ?CaSO 4 (aq) K = 7.7Ã—103 CaSO 4 (s) itself, however, is poorly soluble and has the following solubility product: CaSO 4 (s) ?Ca 2+ (aq) + SO4 2- (aq) Ksp = 3Ã—10-34 If we dissolve CaSO 4 (s) in water until CaSO 4 (s)precipitate is left in equilibrium with the solution, (a)Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â What is the concentration of Ca 2+ (aq)? (b)Â Â Â Â Â Â Â What is the concentration of the soluble complex CaSO 4 (aq)? Solution Ksp = [M] 2 where [M] is concentration of Ca 2+ (aq) and SO4 2- (aq) . [M] = (3x10 -34 ) 0.5 = 1.73x10 -17 K = [CaSO 4 (aq) ] /([Ca 2+ (aq) ]x[SO4 2- (aq)]) 7.7x10 3 x ([M] 2 )= [CaSO 4 (aq) ] 7.7x10 3 x3x10 -34 = [CaSO 4 (aq) ] [CaSO 4 (aq) ] = 23.1 x 10 -31 .

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2. Does evolution violate the second law of thermodynamics? Why or why not? 3. The heat capacity of compound B is two times greater than the heat capacity of compound A. If one mole of each compound (A and B) absorbs 100 Joules of heat, which compound will exhibit the larger temperature rise -A or B? Why? 4. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The entropy change of a system is necessarily zero if the process causing the change is performed reversibly. Please state why you agree or disagree. Solution 1. No, it doesn\'t. The Second Law of Thermodynamics is one of the most fundamental laws of nature: evolution really would be in big trouble if it broke it. Put not particularly simply, the Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the entropy (the amount of disorganisation) in a closed system tends to increase with time. Put more simply, this means that matter does not tend to organise itself in a particular location unless there is some external energy source powering it. Evolution can be seen as matter organising itself. Evolution-deniers who cite the Second Law of Thermodynamics as proof against evolution happening on our planet either conveniently forget to mention, or do not realise, that the earth is not a closed system: it has a rather massive external energy source, namely the sun. If we were to consider the entire solar system to be a closed system (which, to all intents and purposes, it is), then the occurrence of evolution on any of the planets would not break the Second Law of Thermodynamics, because, while evolution represents a local decrease in entropy, the burning of fuel within the sun represents a far greater increase in entropy .

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2. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using the following commodities as money. A. Bricks B. Corn C. Pearls Solution Type Definition Examples Advantage(s) Disadvantage(s) Commodity Physical assets with a relatively high degree of liquidity due to their uniformity, durability, divisibility, portability, and ease of authentication Clamshells; tobacco; gold Self-equilibrating Inelastic supply; storage, transportation, division, wastage, and authentication costs Representative Claims on commodities in the actual physical possession of the money issuer Tobacco notes; gold deposit notes Easier/cheaper to store, transport, divide, safekeep, and authenticate than the underlying commodity Default and counterfeiting risk; supply elasticity limited by the underlying commodity Credit Claims on the general assets of the money issuer and NOT fully backed by commodity, fiat, or other monies Bank deposits; banknotes Supply elasticity limited only by the reserve ratio Default and counterfeiting risk; some inflation risk Fiat Legal tender enforced by government decree Federal Reserve Notes Extremely elastic supply Inflation risk; counterfeiting risk .

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2. Compare teh payment of cash divididends, stock dividends and purchase of treasury stock from existing shareholders. What are the similiarities and differences? If you were a corporate treasurer, which method would you recomend for returning funds to stock holders? Solution Dividends are payments made by a corporation to its shareholder members. [ It is the portion of corporate profits paid out to stockholders.[1] When a corporation earns a profit or surplus, that money can be put to two uses: it can either be re-invested in the business (called retained earnings), or it can be distributed to shareholders. There are two ways to distribute cash to shareholders: share repurchases or dividends.[2][3] Many corporations retain a portion of their earnings and pay the remainder as a dividend. stock dividend A dividend paid as additional shares of stock rather than as cash. If dividends paid are in the form of cash, those dividends are taxable. When a company issues a stock dividend, rather than cash, there usually are not tax consequences until the shares are sold. Companies often buy back their own stock which lowers the number of shares outstanding. When a company does a stock buyback, the stocks they purchase on the open market become known as treasury stock. These stocks do not pay dividends nor do they have voting rights. Treasury stocks are not included in shares outstanding calculations. When a company buys back its own shares, it can either be advantageous to the shareholders or a detriment depending on the motivation for buying back the shares in the first place. If the company is seeking to boost its financial ratios such as their P/E ratio or earnings per share ratio, then the shareholders .

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2 The district judge for Linn County would like to estimate the costs.docx

1. 2 The district judge for Linn County would like to estimate the costs of trying civil cases versus criminal cases. Most costs can be directly traced to one type of case or the other. However, the costs of operating the court clerk's office, the central records office and the court recorder pool are more problematic. A recent study revealed the following costs and percentages of time that each department spent servicing one another relative to actual court cases Court Clerk Central Records Recorder Pool Civil Criminal Ca Costs ses Cases $50,000 [ Clerk] 20,000 [Records].3 30,000 [ Pool] 2 4 A. Allocate the service[support] department costs to the two types of cases using the direct method. Show all your work. Solution A) Allocate Service Cost Using direct method First we have to calculate the factors to apportion service department overheads: We then multiply the service department overhead by the above factors to obtain the amount of overhead to be allocated to each production department. Department Civil Cases Criminal Case Clerk 0.2/0.7 0.5/0.7 Record 0.4/0.5 0.1/0.5 Pool 0.2/0.4 0.2/0.4

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