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Viscosity:Newton’s law

           y
                         A                  F

                                                 F    dv
                                                   =η
                                                 A    dy
                       v=0
                                                                Velocity gradient
                                   x

          z




Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)




                          Cylinder-type Viscometer
                                  The ViscoTester 550 is a rotational viscometer for
                                  sophisticated and automized quality control giving
                                  absolute viscosity data at defined shear rates and
                                  accurate temperature control. It is suitable for the
                                  complete characterization of Newtonian and non-
                                  Newtonian fluids including the measurement of yield
                                  points or thixotropy.

                                  Specifications:
                                  Viscosity range (mPas)       1 - 1 000 000
                                  Torque range (mNm)           0.1 - 30
                                  Speed range (rpm)            0.5 - 800
                                  Temperature range (°C)       -20 - 100
                                  Sample volume (cm3)          8 - 80
                                  Typical testing time (min)   1
                                  Reproducibility (+/- %)      1
                                  Comparability (+/- %)        2-4
                                  Remarks                      absolute viscometer
                                    http://www.thermo.com
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
Cone and Plate Viscometer




             http://www.brookfieldengineering.com/support/documentation/Dial_85_150_N898.pdf
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)




                           Cone and Plate Viscometer

                                    - highly viscous liquid and paste

                                    - butter
                                    - Binding agent, resins, ink, paste solder
                                    - resistance paste

                                    Cone rotate thus shearing the test sample
                                    The torque of the rotating cone depends on the
                                    viscosity of the fluid.

                                    - measurement at the different angular velocities
                                      enables the viscosity measurement as a function
                                      of shear rate




                                    http://www.thermo.com
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
Rotational-Type Viscometer
                        The ViscoTester 7 instrument is a classic rotational
                        viscometer for the fast determination of viscosity as defined in
                        ISO 2555 and many ASTM standards. The results are 100%
                        compatible to the Brookfield method. It features an RS232
                        interface for data transfer to PC or printer, digital display with
                        viscosity readout, windows software (optional) for data display
                        and evaluation, a complete set with spindles, stand and
                        carrying case and a 24 month full warranty with optional
                        extension via service contract.

                        Specifications:
    measurement         Speed steps (rpm)            0.3, 0.5, 0.6, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5,
    employs a spindle   6, 10, 12, 20, 30, 50, 60, 100, 200
    immersed in the     Number of spindles           L 1-4, R 2-6
                        Temperature range (°C) up to 150
    fluid sample to
                        Sample volume (cm3)          650
    sense torque
                        Typical test time (min)      1 to 2
    resistance when
                        Mains                        115-230/50-60Hz
    running at
                        Repeatability (+/- %)        0.5
    constant speed.
                                    http://www.thermo.com
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)




                              Portable Viscometer




                            http://www.hydramotion.com/visc3.html
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
Falling Ball Viscometery




                                A fluid sample - in almost all cases it is liquid - is contained in a glass
                                measuring tube (1) surrounded by a jacket (3) to allow an accurate
                                temperature control by means of a constant temperature circulator. This
                                tube is positioned in a 10° inclination with respect to the vertical. The
                                tube has two ring marks A and B spaced apart by DL = 100 mm. A ball
                                (2) is allowed to fall through the fluid sample. Falling from the starting
                                position (speed v = 0) at the top of the tube the ball first accelerates
                                along the distance Lv to allow the ball to reach a steady-state speed
                                providing a uniform shear flow of the liquid in the sickle-shape gap
                                surrounding the ball. The time Dt required for the ball to pass between
                                the two ring marks A and B is measured. The value Dt can be used to
                                calculate viscosity in the absolute units of [mPa·s]. The instrument is
                                calibrated by means of Newtonian liquids of known viscosity.
                                       http://www.thermo.com/
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)

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Aem Lect14

  • 1. Viscosity:Newton’s law y A F F dv =η A dy v=0 Velocity gradient x z Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004) Cylinder-type Viscometer The ViscoTester 550 is a rotational viscometer for sophisticated and automized quality control giving absolute viscosity data at defined shear rates and accurate temperature control. It is suitable for the complete characterization of Newtonian and non- Newtonian fluids including the measurement of yield points or thixotropy. Specifications: Viscosity range (mPas) 1 - 1 000 000 Torque range (mNm) 0.1 - 30 Speed range (rpm) 0.5 - 800 Temperature range (°C) -20 - 100 Sample volume (cm3) 8 - 80 Typical testing time (min) 1 Reproducibility (+/- %) 1 Comparability (+/- %) 2-4 Remarks absolute viscometer http://www.thermo.com Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
  • 2. Cone and Plate Viscometer http://www.brookfieldengineering.com/support/documentation/Dial_85_150_N898.pdf Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004) Cone and Plate Viscometer - highly viscous liquid and paste - butter - Binding agent, resins, ink, paste solder - resistance paste Cone rotate thus shearing the test sample The torque of the rotating cone depends on the viscosity of the fluid. - measurement at the different angular velocities enables the viscosity measurement as a function of shear rate http://www.thermo.com Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
  • 3. Rotational-Type Viscometer The ViscoTester 7 instrument is a classic rotational viscometer for the fast determination of viscosity as defined in ISO 2555 and many ASTM standards. The results are 100% compatible to the Brookfield method. It features an RS232 interface for data transfer to PC or printer, digital display with viscosity readout, windows software (optional) for data display and evaluation, a complete set with spindles, stand and carrying case and a 24 month full warranty with optional extension via service contract. Specifications: measurement Speed steps (rpm) 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, employs a spindle 6, 10, 12, 20, 30, 50, 60, 100, 200 immersed in the Number of spindles L 1-4, R 2-6 Temperature range (°C) up to 150 fluid sample to Sample volume (cm3) 650 sense torque Typical test time (min) 1 to 2 resistance when Mains 115-230/50-60Hz running at Repeatability (+/- %) 0.5 constant speed. http://www.thermo.com Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004) Portable Viscometer http://www.hydramotion.com/visc3.html Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
  • 4. Falling Ball Viscometery A fluid sample - in almost all cases it is liquid - is contained in a glass measuring tube (1) surrounded by a jacket (3) to allow an accurate temperature control by means of a constant temperature circulator. This tube is positioned in a 10° inclination with respect to the vertical. The tube has two ring marks A and B spaced apart by DL = 100 mm. A ball (2) is allowed to fall through the fluid sample. Falling from the starting position (speed v = 0) at the top of the tube the ball first accelerates along the distance Lv to allow the ball to reach a steady-state speed providing a uniform shear flow of the liquid in the sickle-shape gap surrounding the ball. The time Dt required for the ball to pass between the two ring marks A and B is measured. The value Dt can be used to calculate viscosity in the absolute units of [mPa·s]. The instrument is calibrated by means of Newtonian liquids of known viscosity. http://www.thermo.com/ Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)