Recidivism refers to repeating undesirable or criminal behavior despite experiencing negative consequences or punishment. It is commonly used in criminal justice to describe when an individual reverts to criminal acts after facing legal penalties for a previous crime. High recidivism rates suggest issues with how effectively a criminal justice system is rehabilitating individuals and discouraging future criminal behavior. Experts point to a variety of social and psychological factors that can contribute to recidivism, including one's environment, family background, substance abuse issues, and lack of treatment programs. Theories of behaviorism, social learning, and cognition explore how learning and mental processes shape recidivism through reinforcement, observation, and an individual's internal structure of thoughts and memories.

1. Oleh: ZA’IM AHMAD Kolej Undang2, Kerajaan & Pengajian Antarabangsa 0134402805 @ 049284215 [email_address]