British Library Labs Presentation at British Fashion Council Teatum Jones Event

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@mahendra_mahey @BL_Labs @BL_DigiSchol
mahendra.mahey@bl.uk & labs@bl.uk
http://www.bl.uk/projects/british-library-labs
Funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation
Mahendra Mahey

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http://www.bl.uk/projects/british-library-labs
Funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation
Mahendra Mahey
Experiment with our
Digital Collections
Mahendra Mahey

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Competition
Awards
Projects
Tell us your ideas of what to do with our digital content
Show us what you have already done with our digital
content in research, artistic, commercial and learning and
teaching categories
Talk to us about working on collaborative projects

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The British Library
Inside the British Library
Space for 1200 readers, around 400,000 visitors per year
Building 37 uses low oxygen and robots
Reading room and delivery to London
Document Supply and Storage at Boston Spa
Stockton-on-Tees
Author right to payment each time their books
are borrowed from public libraries.
St Pancras, London, UK
Many books are stored 4 stories below the building
UK Legal Deposit Library – Reference only

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Collections – not just books!
> 180*million items
> 0.8* m serial titles
> 8* m stamps
> 14* m books
> 6* m sound recordings
> 4* m maps
> 1.6* m musical scores
> 0.3* m manuscripts
> 60* m patents
King’s Library *Estimates

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What about Digital?
Born Digital Digitised

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Born digital
Data all around us!
/
Knowledge Quarter London
80 knowledge organisations within 1 mile radius of
Kings Cross, http://www.knowledgequarter.london
http://www.turing.ac.uk (Headquartered at the British Library)
UK Web Archive and e-legal deposit (2013)
http://www.webarchive.org.uk/ukwa/
Born digital
Data all around us!

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All our physical
items are digitised
right?

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#bldigital
1-2 %* digitised
* estimate
Digitisation
Partnerships
Commercial & Other Organisations
Amount
increasing rapidly
Bias in digitisation
http://goo.gl/bR9UJL
Sample Generator

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• Digitisation costs time & resources & access can depend on
restrictions imposed by funders …
• Still…nearly 700 Digital Collections!!
But not all found through Google or even online!
• @BL_Labs dialogue is either:
– you are ‘lucky’ & we have the digital content
/ data relevant to your research
– we don’t have exactly what your looking for,
but is there anything of interest? Let’s talk…
• Artists / Creatives find this dialogue easier, we tend to
attract researchers with ‘fuzzier’ research boundaries
• Access easier for openly licensed content
• More challenging for on-site, in-copyright, non-print legal
deposit, data protected, old content media & contemporary material
https://goo.gl/qpCLlk
So little digitised…why?
© £ 
https://goo.gl/Y5zCXg
©
https://goo.gl/wMTS3Z
What type of engagement does @BL_Labs have with
researchers?

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Have you got X?
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Real_wuerzburg.jpg
Looking for Physical Content in the British Library

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Have you got X digitised?
http://www.yorkmix.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/mr-simms-sweet-shoppe-york.jpg
Looking for Digitised Content in the BL

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Playbills, Books, Newspapers
Digital collections and Datasets
Book Records
http://bnb.data.bl.uk
http://sounds.bl.ukhttp://dml.city.ac.uk/
Music (Recordings & Sheet) & Sounds
http://goo.gl/frSMJt
Broadcast News (TV and Radio)
http://goo.gl/cwThHw
http://goo.gl/pBkisZhttp://goo.gl/E8aRyQ
Data
Images, Manuscripts & Maps
http://www.qdl.qa/
Qatar Digital Library
http://idp.bl.uk/
International
Dunhuang
Project
Maps
http://www.bl.uk/maps/
Hebrew Manuscripts
http://goo.gl/4sbCp9
Flickr &
Wikimedia Commons
https://goo.gl/LZRmaZ

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Finding Open Cultural Heritage Datasets
Collection Guides (182 as of 23/10/17)
https://www.bl.uk/collection-guides/ (includes some digital)
Digital Collection Guides
(120 as of 23/10/17)
http://labs.bl.uk/Digital+Collections
Datasets
Datasets about our collections
Bibliographic datasets relating to our published and
archival holdings
Datasets for content mining
Content suitable for use in text and data mining research
Datasets for image analysis
Image collections suitable for large-scale image-analysis-
based research
Datasets from UK Web Archive
Data and API services available for accessing UK Web
Archive
Digital mapping
Geospatial data, cartographic applications, digital aerial
photography and scanned historic map materials
https://data.bl.uk
Download collections as zip files
NOT all discoverable via Google!

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Openly Licensed Digital Content?
15% Openly
Licensed
Around 80%*
available online
Working through to make more open…
Though some collections will always only be available onsite due to ©
Breakdown by collection*
Manuscripts 59%
Books 9%
Maps and Views 7%
Newspapers 3%
Archives and Records 3%
Paintings, Prints and Drawings 2%
*Based on number of digitisation projects (over 690 as of 23/10/17)
Largest proportion of funding
Public / Private Partnership
15 %* Openly Licensed – most online
85 %* Available onsite only at the moment
*Estimates

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The Story of the Digital Collection…
Digital
Collection
Curator
Who paid for the digitisation?
Who did the digitisation?
Technology used
Born digital?
Published
Unpublished
Where is it?
Can it still be accessed?
Generates income
Reputational risk in using?
Legalities
Politics when digitised
Personalities involved
Surprises (e.g. gaps)
Descriptive information
Old format not supported
What media was the
digitisation done from?
Is there any background documentation?
No Descriptive information
Inconsistent descriptive information
Still there?
Tip! Good to know the background of a
Digital collection if you want to use it for research and make conclusions…

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65,000 digitised 19th Century books
Image: Artwork by Alicia Martin 2007 / 2008
Paid for by:
For a full list:
https://goo.gl/HqPQMS

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Coverage in the collection?
• Download entire list of books with descriptions
• https://goo.gl/HqPQMS (Excel Spreadsheet)
(Health warning over 65,000 rows!)
• 1789 to 1876
• Subjects include:
– Philosophy
– Poetry
– History
– Literature

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30 August 2012

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002819694
Unique number

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OCR XML Generated by ABBY Fine Reader
Optical Character Recognition

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Images from books captured too!

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@BL_Labs is all about experiments with
our Digital Collections
So…we ate our own dog food!
We did some experiments…

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Ben O’Steen of @BL_Labs after Hack Event, August 2013

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1,020,418
images
needed identifying!

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One major problem!
•We haven’t described or identified them
•How will we find them later?
(We will come back to this later, it affects you!)
•How can we do that with 1 million images?
•Try a few experiments!

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Running face recognition
on the images
Face Recognition Algorithm
Trained on Photographs

Late August 2013

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Face Recognition
Algorithms worked
better for female
faces than men’s

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The Mechanical Curator
Snipped image posted
almost randomly
every hour…
on a Tumblr blog
One of our early followers was…
Ben O’Steen, 30 September 2013
Has a slight ‘mood’…
once image published,
tries to find 8 similar images
e.g. ‘slanty’, ‘circular’ etc.
& then gets ‘bored’
follow…
@MechCuratorBot

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British Library Flickr Commons
Why Flickr Commons?
• Free!
• Each image has it’s own unique website, easy to share
• Can Tag images
• Has Application Programming Interface (API)
Late August 2013

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Worked better for female faces than men’s
Press
http://mechanicalcurator.tumblr.com
Posts image every 30 minutes
http://www.flickr.com/photos/britishlibrary/
1,020,418 images
need tagging!
Creative uses of images
Face recognition
Algorithms based on photos
Mechanical Curator
with an algorithmic brain
(Circles, Squares and Slanty etc)
http://goo.gl/qPPgxX
Wikimedia
Flickr Commons
Individual URL & API
Snipping out images
from 65,000 Digitised Books*
>600,000,000* views
>20,000,000* tags
https://goo.gl/FgZ4HM
Work @ BL by Ben O’Steen, Labs
and Digital Research Team*Matt Prior - http://goo.gl/j29Tnx
Since Dec 2013
Tumblr
*Estimates

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Tagging, Tagging, Tagging…
To help find images

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Tagging a million images
Iterative Crowdsourcing
http://goo.gl/j6fxac
Cardiff University’s
Lost Visions Project
http://www.metadatagames.org/
Metadata Games
James Heald
Mario Klingemann
Chico 45
Use computational methods
Using Flickr API
Human Tagger
Top British Library Flickr Commons Taggers
18 hard core taggers
How to reward and keep motivated this ‘small group?
Average for ‘crowd’ is 1 tag per person
What kind of ‘task’ can this ‘crowd’ do?
Mobile games for ‘Ships’, ‘Covers’ and ‘Portraits’ Interface for tagging

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Adam Crymble (2015)
Crowdsource Arcade
http://goo.gl/LBfJ4W
http://goo.gl/OH9pOZ
https://goo.gl/7z0j8p
30 mins talk
Labs Symposium (2015)
https://goo.gl/SSRsdd
5 min interview (2015)
http://goo.gl/0APpE8
Game Jam
Using Arcade Games
to help Tag images
‘Art Treachery’ and ‘Tag Attack’

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Special Jury’s Prize (2015)
James Heald – Wikimedia and Map work
https://goo.gl/WYZCB2
http://goo.gl/HNQq5e
https://goo.gl/VPgffL
https://commons.wikimedia.org/
https://goo.gl/djtm1b
Labs Symposium (2015)Geotagging maps
54,000 Maps
Found in Flickr 1 million
Human & Computational Tagging
& Community engagement
Geo-referencing work
https://www.bl.uk/georeferencer

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SherlockNet: Competition Winner 2016
Karen Wang, Luda Zhao and Brian Do
Using Convolutional Neural Networks to Automatically Tag and Caption
the British Library Flickr Commons 1 million Image Collection
12 categories
>15 million tags added
>100,000 captions
bit.ly/sherlocknet
Pooled surrounding
OCR text on page
from similar images
Used Microsoft COCO (photographs) &
British Museum Prints and Drawings
collections as training sets.
Tags Captions

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Artistic / Creative Works
http://goo.gl/dM8ieA
Mario Klingeman (2015)
Code Artist / Curator
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3SBxO34Zlc
David Normal 2014 and 2015
Collages/Paintings & Lightboxes
http://goo.gl/bNxGZZ
Kris Hoffman (2016)
Animation for Fashion Week 2016
https://goo.gl/QilqqT
Jiayi Chong 2016 - Animation tool
https://www.facebook.com/RealmlandStory/
Paul Rand Pierce 2016
Graphic Novel on Facebook
A Hat on the Ground Spells trouble
Tragic Looking Women
44 Men who Look 44
(Notice the direction faces)

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Hey there Young Sailor!
Ling Low 2016 – Hey there Young Sailor
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bcOP1E5bRE0VIMEO.COM/SWEETANDLOWFILMS
@SWEETNLOWFILMS ON INSTAGRAM
@SWEETNLOWLING ON TWITTER
The Impatient Sisters

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Imaginary Cities – BL Labs Project 16-17
Michael Takeo Magruder
https://goo.gl/4ARwTy
An artistic exploration seeking to create provocative fictional cityscapes for the Information Age
from the British Library’s digital collection of historic urban maps

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Elizabeth Emmanuel

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Commercial (2015)
Etsy project by Dina Malkova
https://www.etsy.com/shop/DinaMalkova
https://goo.gl/OfJujM
Labs Symposium 2015
http://goo.gl/pbxZUv

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British Library Flickr Commons
https://www.flickr.com/photos/britishlibrary/
Kind of a precursor to Instagram
Used for photo sharing
Flickr Commons has items from
Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums (GLAM)
(Mostly Public Domain)

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Flickr Commons (100 + GLAMs as of 23/10/17)

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Getting an account on Flickr
•Get a Flickr / Yahoo account
(https://login.yahoo.com/account/create)
•You can then tag, organise favourites, make
your own albums and galleries from Flickr
images online or uploaded
•You get 1TB for free!
•You could reference your own Flickr account
for the competition?

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Using British Library Flickr Commons
•How do we find things in this collection?
•Remember snipped out images from books
with no description?
•Not straightforward…

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How is Flickr Commons Organised?
• Photostream
• Albums
• Faves
• Galleries
• Tags

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Flickr Photostream
https://www.flickr.com/photos/britishlibrary/
Kind of the home page for the collection!
Usually displays images with most recent activity!

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Flickr Albums
Curated by the British Library – specifically Nora McGregor
She works with the public to add images or create new ones!
440 Albums as of 23/10/17 – Mostly Maps!

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Flickr Faves
Most favorited image first in descending order
To favourite an image requires an account

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Flickr Galleries
More useful if you have an account
You can create a Gallery of Flickr images to share with everyone
Gallery is tied to your account

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Flickr Groups
Community based – for sharing and discussing images
We might create a group for the competition – watch this space!

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Adding Tags in Flickr
Be the next ‘Chico45’!

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Searching within the collection!

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The Anatomy of a BL Flickr Record
Download
high res
300dpi image

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When you log in to Flickr Commons

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Refers to the
Physical Copy of
the Item

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Physical and Digital Copy
Number relates to Physical Copy

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You can’t beat the Physical Copy!

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Now for the Digital Copy!

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Warning – can be large file!
It’s aPDF
You can do Ctrl F in it to find text
But health warning about OCR!

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Page numbers don’t always correspond!
Page numbers
Don’t always correspond
Page 132 on Flickr?
Is Page Number in PDF
In PDF of
book
Page number
in book

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Plain Text from Books?
Not working
But can be obtained from https://data.bl.uk/digbks/db14.html

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All illustrations in book / books in same year!
All the illustrations in this book Other illustrations books published
in the same year

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Views and Favourites

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Galleries
•Personal Galleries which you can share.

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Exchangeable Image File Information!
For Geeks only!

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Tags!

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Adding Tags!
•You have to have an account to add tags!
•Could you be the next Chico 45?

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Generated from book
Description
Generated from user

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Generated by Flickr

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Generated by SherlockNet!
bit.ly/sherlocknet

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Sherlocknet has a search interface!

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SherlockNet Search for ‘people’

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Advanced Search in SherlockNet!

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Using the Wikimedia Synoptic Index
• Created to help find all the maps in the books
• Great resource if you want to find things by place!
https://goo.gl/zuxRnG

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Searching for Books about Egypt

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37 books about Egypt

British Library Labs Presentation at British Fashion Council Teatum Jones Event

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