Ch. 7 Deviance

1. Today’s Journal…
 Look at the italicized paragraph on page
204. What types of things considered
deviant in 1969 would you say are no
longer deviant? Why? Would you add
anything to the list?

2. Deviance and
Social Control
Ch. 7, Sec. 1 & 2, pp. 108-119

3. Deviance and Social Control
Deviance-behavior that departs from
norms
Deviance changes from time and
place

4. Types of Deviance
Negative Deviance- behavior that
fails to meet accepted norms
Positive Deviance- Over-conformity
to the norms to a state of imbalance
and extreme perfectionism

5. Social Control
The ways a society promotes
conformity to norms
Internal Social Control-Lies within the
person and is acquired through
socialization
Internalization is most effective
method of control

6. Social Control
External Social Control- Based on
rewards and punishments designed to
encourage a desired behavior
Sanctions play a major role here

7. Costs and Benefits of
Deviance
Negative Effects of Deviance
Erodes peoples’ trust in you
If not corrected at an early age
deviance will grow
Cost of fixing behavior is expensive
to society (Schools vs. Prisons)

8. Positives of Deviant
Behavior
Helps others understand what is
deviant behavior and hopefully
shapes more positive behavior
Can act as a temporary safety valve
to relieve stress
Promotes social change

9. Strain Theory (Merton)
Occurs when there is a gap between
culturally desirable goals and the
legitimate way of obtaining them
What happens when you don’t have
the skills to reach goals or financial
means to obtain them??

10. Deviant Responses to
Strain Theory
Innovation-person accepts the goals
but uses illegal means to reach them
Ritualism-person rejects goals
knowing they can’t reach them, but
continue to use legal means

11. Deviant Responses to
Strain Theory
Retreatism-the person rejects both
the means and the goals so they drop
out of society
Rebellion-reject goals and the
approved means to get them, so they
substitute a new set of goals and
means to achieve them

12. Control Theory (Hirsch)
Conformity to social norms depends
on the presence of strong bonds
between individuals and society.
The weaker the bonds the more
likely deviance is going to happen
People conform to “save face” with
family and friends

13. Social Bond Characteristics
Attachment-the stronger your
attachment to a group the more likely
you are going to conform
Commitment-the greater your
commitment to the social goals and
values of the group the more likely
you are to conform

14. Social Bond Characteristics
Involvement-the greater your
participation in socially approved
activities the more likely you are to
conform
Belief-if a person believes in the
norms and values and what the
society stands for, they are more
likely to conform

15. HIRSCHI ESSAY
 Write a 1 pg. essay that explains, with
examples, how schools use Hirschi’s
4 social bond characteristics (p. 212)
to get you to conform to their norms.
STOP!!!

16. Symbolic
Interactionism and
Deviance
Ch. 7, sec.3, pp. 214-217

17. Differential Association
Theory
Emphasizes the role of primary
groups in transmitting deviance
Deviance is learned (primary groups)
Purpose of Juvenile Detention
Centers?

18. Characteristics of Theory
Individual who knows mostly deviants
is more likely to learn deviant
behavior
If significant others are deviant, the
individual is more likely to copy
behavior
Young children learn deviant
behaviors more quickly than older
children

19. Labeling Theory
Deviance is relative to time and place
The same behavior from two different
people may be labeled differently
Social classes are not always labeled
equally
The more affluent class you are in the
more breaks the system give you

20. Degrees of Deviance
Primary Deviance-occurs when a
person engages in an isolated act of
deviance
Don’t consider themselves to be
deviant
Secondary Deviance-deviance is a
person’s lifestyle. Chosen the life of a
criminal

21. Conflict Theory and
Deviance
Ch. 7, Sec.4, pp.218-223

22. Deviance in an
Industrialized Society
Deviance occurs b/c of conflict
between those in control and those
who lack control
The rich define deviance as acts
which threaten their position
Defined as those who criticize the
system or are unwilling to work within
it. Punished severely.

23. Race, Ethnicity, and Crime
Conflict Theorists believe minorities
receive unequal treatment before the
criminal justice system.
Minorities are more often convicted
and serve more jail time and more
death sentences

24. Race, Ethnicity, and Crime
Minorities don’t have economic
resources to buy good legal services
Crimes against whites are punished
more severely
Victim Discounting-seriousness of the
crime is reduced by the general
society if it is directed at members of
a lower social class

25. Today’s Journal…
 What is your opinion on capital
punishment? When should it be used?

26. White Collar Crime
Any crime committed by respectable
individuals, that have high statuses in
society, in the course of their
occupation
Sentences are less, usually probation
or repayment
Crime of Opportunity

27. Crime and Punishment
Ch. 7, Sec. 5, pp. 224-232

28. Measure of Crime
Crime-acts in violation of statute law
(2,800 classified federal crimes)
Violent crime in the U.S. is greater
than most other industrialized nations
Uniform Crime Report-(FBI)-annual
report which collects crime reports
National Crime Victimization Survey-gives
an indication that many crimes
go unreported

29. Juvenile Crime
Crimes committed by people
under 18
Violent juvenile crime has
decreased
Why do you think that is?

30. 4 Approaches to
Crime Control
Deterrence-threat of punishment to
discourage criminal actions. Works if:
Criminals are likely to get caught
Punishment will be severe
In our justice system the
punishment is not certain, swift, of
severe

31. 4 Approaches to
Crime Control
Retribution-punishment intended to
make the criminal pay compensation
for their acts
Incarceration-puts criminals in prison
and removes them from society
Rehabilitation-an effort to break this
pattern of criminal behavior and
replace it with better behavior