A discussion on power of life and the strong interconnection between the various organisms and the socio -economic and cultural existence of society

1. NEW IDEA FOR NEXT CENTURY
THE TRAGEDY OF BLACK DEATH
AND THE INDICATIONS TO NEXT
CENTURY
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL

2. What is black death
 Black death is the biggest death of people of
Europe in 14th century.1346-1353, 61-63 69-71,
74-75, 90 .1400
 Called great mortality
 Caused by plague…spread by black rats and
fleas
 Yersinia pestis
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL

3. Bubonic plague
 The infection caused infection of lymph
nodes
 Bulging of lymph nodes of arm pit neck and
thigh
 After the incubation period of three days the
people use die?
 Later the plague spread to other area which
was also pneumonic
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL

4. The bacteria
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL

5. Flea bite
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6. 1894 by Alexander Yersin
 Swiss-born French
bacteriologist and one of the
discoverers of the bubonic
plague bacillus, Pasteurella
pestis, now called Yersinia
pestis
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL

7. Electron microscope picture of
Yersinia pestis
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8. Death toll
 33% OF THE POLULATION OF EUROPE
succumbed between 1346 – 53,
 Britain is often quoted as losing 40%.OF
POPULATION
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL

9. Biological war?
 The Black Death was one of the worst
pandemics in human history.
 In the 14th century, at least 75 million people
on three continents perished due to the
painful, highly contagious disease.
Originating from fleas on rodents in China,
the “Great Pestilence” spread westward and
spared few regions.
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL

10. Socio –religious impact
 In Europe’s cities, hundreds died daily and
their bodies were usually thrown into mass
graves. The plague devastated towns, rural
communities, families, and religious
institutions. Following centuries of a rise in
population, the world’s population
experienced a catastrophic reduction and
would not be replenished for more than one
hundred years.
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL

11. Economic effect
 The Black Death finally lapsed in approximately
1350, and profound economic changes took
place. Worldwide trade declined, and wars in
Europe paused during the Black Death. People
had abandoned farms and villages during the
plague. Serfs were no longer tied to their
previous plot of land. Due to a severe labor
shortage, serf survivors were able to demand
higher wages and better working conditions
from their new landlords. This may have
contributed to the rise of capitalism. Many serfs
moved to cities and contributed to the rise in
urbanization and industrialization.
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL

12. Society reaction
 Medieval society did not know what caused
the plague or how it spread. Most blamed the
suffering as a punishment from God or
astrological misfortune. Thousands of Jews
were murdered when Christians claimed that
the Jews caused the plague by poisoning
wells. Lepers and beggars were also
accused and harmed. Art, music, and
literature during this era were gruesome and
gloomy. The Catholic Church suffered a
credibility loss when it could not explain the
disease. This contributed to the development
of Protestantism.
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL

13. How to react ?
 The change in each living organism affects
the other
 Micro organisms have the ability of shifting
the ecological order
 Beliefs are created and shifted at a sudden
crisis and fear.
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL

14. Future forces …
 Microbes created in laboratories
 Modified organisms and plants especially the
micro organisms
 The shifting power centeredness
 Evolution of individual based religion than
the mass based religion
 New paths to explore life than the scientific
methods .
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL

15. Be sure to compete for
welfare of all
 Homeostasis and
Ecological Cooperation is
the best model of nature.
 Don’t intervene to
distort the natural forces
KURIAN ADHIKARATHIL