THE ILIAC ARTERY AND THE SUPPLIES

1. THE ILIAC ARTERY
AMAN KUMAR
GROUP:-C
SEMESTER-3 (ANATMOY)

2. THE ILLIAC ARTERY
●The iliac arteries are three arteries located in the region of the ilium in the pelvis at
the level of fourth vertebra of lumbar spine originates from abdominal aorta.
• Common iliac artery – forms at terminus of the aorta
• External iliac artery – forms when the common iliac artery bifurcates, continues as
the femoral artery at the inguinal ligament
• Internal iliac artery – forms when the common iliac artery bifurcates, supplies the
perineum and sexual organs.

4. COMMON ILIAC ATRTEY
• These two arteries travel down and
to each side of the body for about
five centimeters towards the edges
of the pelvis. They then each split
again into internal and external iliac
arteries at the pelvic inlet, the area
where the abdomen ends and the
pelvis begin

7. FUNCTION OF COMMON ILIAC ARTERY
• The common iliac arteries give off small branches to the psoas major,
peritoneum, extraperitoneal connective tissue, ureters, etc.
Occasionally, it may give off branches to the iliolumbar and
accessory renal arteries.
• that play a major role in blood supply to the pelvis and the lower
limbs.

9. INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
• Also referred to as the Hypogastric artery.
• Mainly responsible for the blood supply to the pelvic region.
• Its anterior division is divided into the visceral branches that supply blood to the
external genitalia and the organs in the pelvic cavity.
• The posterior division divides into the parietal branches, which are involved in
supplying blood to the pelvic wall and gluteal muscles.
• The anterior division is longer than the posterior division.

12. THE BRANCHES OF THE ANTERIOR DIVISION INCLUDE:
SUPERIOR VESICAL ARTERY (SUPPLIES VAS DEFERENS IN MALES)
OBLITERATED UMBILICAL ARTERY (CONTINUATION OF SUPERIOR VESICAL)
INFERIOR VESICAL ARTERY
THE AFOREMENTIONED BRANCHES SUPPLY BLOOD TO THE BLADDER.
ITS THREE VISCERAL BRANCHES INCLUDE:
MIDDLE RECTAL ARTERY
UTERINE ARTERY IN FEMALES
VAGINAL ARTERY IN FEMALES (CORRESPONDS TO THE INFERIOR VESICAL ARTERY IN MALES)
IT HAS THREE PARIETAL BRANCHES THAT INCLUDE:
OBTURATOR ARTERY
INTERNAL PUDENDAL ARTERY (TERMINAL BRANCH)
INFERIOR GLUTEAL ARTERY (TERMINAL BRANCH)
THE POSTERIOR DIVISION OF THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY HAS THREE PARIETAL BRANCHES. THESE INCLUDE:
ILIOLUMBAR ARTERY
LATERAL SACRAL ARTERY
SUPERIOR GLUTEAL ARTERY

13. BRANCHES AND SUPPLIES OF INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
Division Branch Sub-branches To/through
Posterior Iliolumbar artery lumbar and iliac branches
psoas major
muscle, quadratus
lumborum muscle, iliacus
muscle
Posterior Lateral sacral artery
superior and inferior
branches
anterior sacral foramina
Posterior Superior gluteal artery -
Greater Sciatic foramen
(Superior to piriformis)
Anterior
Obturator artery (occasionally
from inferior epigastric artery)
- obturator canal
Anterior Inferior gluteal artery -
Greater Sciatic foramen
(Inferior to Piriformis)

14. Division Branch Sub-branches To/through
Anterior Umbilical artery
Artery to vas
deferens (male)
and Superior vesical
artery (usually, but
sometimes it branches
directly from anterior
medial umbilical ligament
Anterior Uterine artery (female) vaginal branch uterus
Anterior
Vaginal artery (female) The artery
usually takes the place of the inferior
vesical artery present in the male
-
vagina and the base of
the bladder
Anterior Inferior vesical artery - urinary bladder
Anterior Middle rectal artery - rectum
Anterior Internal pudendal artery
many branches - see
for details
Greater sciatic foramen
Anterior
Superior vesicular artery (though
sometimes from Umbilical artery)
Sometimes middle Bladder and ureters

15. EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
• The external iliac arteries begin at the common iliac bifurcation and take an
anterior course along the medial border of the psoas major muscles before exiting
the pelvic girdle posterior to the inguinal ligament.
• The exit point of the external iliac arteries is lateral to the insertion point of the
inguinal ligament on the pubic tubercle, approximately one-third the distance from
the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine. Distal to the inguinal
ligament, the external iliac artery becomes the common femoral artery.

17. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
• The external iliac arteries function as a short conduit for blood flow between the
common iliac and common femoral arteries.
• Although they do not directly supply a muscle or tissue, the external iliac arteries
give rise to two arterial branches that perfuse surrounding muscles:
• The inferior epigastric artery
• The deep circumflex iliac artery.

18. • The inferior epigastric artery :-
• originates from the medial side of the distal external iliac artery. It travels superiorly
along the posterior surface of the inferior rectus abdominis muscle.
• The deep circumflex iliac artery :-
• originates from the lateral side of the distal external iliac artery and travels laterally
along the superior border of the iliac crest. The common femoral artery is the
continuation of the external iliac artery as it passes posteriorly and inferiorly to the
inguinal ligament.

19. THANK YOU
#TUM HI KALO SARA KAAM:-D.S.