1. SOUTH INDIAN CUISINES

2. • South Indian cuisine includes
the cuisines found in the four southern states
of India:
AndhraPradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil
Nadu.

3. Similarities and differences among
cuisines
• The similarities among the four states' cuisines
include the presence of rice as a staple food, the
use of lentils and spices, dried red chilies and
fresh green chilies, coconut, and native fruits and
vegetables including tamarind, plantain, snake
gourd,garlic, and ginger
• The four cuisines have much in common and
differ primarily in the spiciness of the food.
• Kerala, Tamil Nadu, south and
coastal Karnataka and most parts of Andhra
Pradesh use more rice.

4. Similarities and differences among
cuisines
• North Karnataka, on the other hand,
consumes more ragi and jowar, while
the Telangana region uses more jowar
and bajra.
• Consumption of rice is more common among
certain Brahmin communities.

5. Andhra food

6. • The cuisines of Andhra are the spiciest in all of
India. Generous use of chili powder and
tamarind make the dishes tangy and hot. The
majority of a diverse variety of dishes are
vegetable- or lentil-based.

7. Regional variations
• The three regions of Andhra Pradesh have their
own variations. Telangana region shares some of
the Central Indian and Vidharba region
of Maharashtra. The area has more jowar- and
bajra-based rotis in their main staple menu.
• The Rayalaseema district shares borders with
eastern Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, and its cuisine
has similarities to that of those regions.

8. • The more fertile Andhra coastal region has a long coastline
along the Bay of Bengal, and its cuisine has a distinctive
flavor with various seafood. Hyderabad, the capital of
Andhra Pradesh, has its own characteristic cuisine, which is
considerably different from other Andhra cuisines.
• The Nizams patronise the Hyderabadi cuisine, which is very
much like the Nawabs of the Avadh and Lucknowi cuisine.
• The only difference is that the Nizams of Hyderabad prefer
their food to be spicier, resulting in the Hyderabadi cuisine,
which includes kacche gosht ki biryani, dum ka
murgh, baghara baingan, and achaari subzi during the reign
of the Nizams.

9. Popular Andhra dishes

10. Vegetarian
• Tiffins: pesarattu (mung bean pancake), attu, bobbatlu, pulihora or
pulihaara (tamarind & lemon rice), upma
• Pickles (pachhallu):
cut raw mango) pickle,
maaghaya, gongura pachadi, pandumirapakayala pachadi, tomato
pachadi, allam (ginger) pachadi, dosakaya pachadi, dosavakaya,
chintakaya (tamarind)
• [Curry|Curries]] (kooralu): gutti vankaya, bendakaya fry, dondakaya
fry, cabbage pesara pappu, carrot fry
• Pappu (lentils)(
varieties: thotakura (amaranth – pigeon
pea stew) pappu, chukkakoora pappu, menthikura pappu, palakura
pappu (spinach – pigeon pea dal), dosakaya (yellow cucumber –
pigeon pea stew), tomato, beerakaya, sorakaya

11. vegetarian
• Pulusu: palakoora pulusu, sorakaya pulusu, thotakoora
pulusu, anapakaya pulusu, gongura pulusu koora
• Chaaru: tomato chaaru, miriyala chaaru
(pepper), ulava chaaru
• Chaaru and curd variations: perugupachadi/majjiga
chaaru with potlakaya (snake gourd), sorakaya (bottle
gourd)
• Snacks: sakinalu, chekkalu, murukulu, jantikalu, chakkil
alu
• Sweets: pootarekulu, kaaja, ravva laddu, boondi laddu,
pesara laddu, sunnundalu, thokkudu
laddu, ariselu, nuvvula laddu

12. Chutney and pickles
• Raw pachadi-vankaya pachadi, dosakaya
vanakaya pachadi, tomato pachadi, cabbage
pachadi, pickles of avakaya (mango), usirikaya
(Indian gooseberry), ginger, citroen, gongura, t
omato, garlic

13. Non-vegetarian
• Hyderabadi biriyani and various Hyderabadi
meat dishes make up part of Hyderabadi
cuisine. The rest of Andhra cuisine has a
various versions of lamb and chicken, and the
coastal region has extensive varieties of
seafood. Dishes include kodi iguru (chicken
stew), kodi pulusu (chicken gravy), chepa
pulusu (fish stew), fish fry and prawn curry.

14. Karnataka food

15. • Karnataka cuisine is very diverse.
• Described as the mildest in terms of spice content
of these four states' cuisines, there is a generous
use of Jaggery, palm sugar and little use of chilli
powder.
• Since the percentage of vegetarians in Karnataka
is higher than other southern states, vegetarian
food enjoys widespread popularity.
• Udupi cuisine forms an integral part of Karnataka
cuisine.

16. North Karnataka cuisine
• In north Karnataka the staple grains are jowar and bajra.
• Rottis made out of these two grains along with side dishes
made of eggplant, fresh lentil salads, spiced and stewed
lentils are popularly consumed.
• They also consume a variety of spicy condiments like
chutney powders and pickles.
• Of all the other regional cuisines in Karnataka, this is known
for its fiery spice level and heat.
• Eateries called Khanavallioften run by families serve
inexpensive but tasty home style food.
• Most of them are run by Veerashaivaa are therefore
vegetarian but Khanavallis serving non-vegetarian food are
not uncommon.

17. Coastal Karnataka cuisine
• The cuisine of coastal Karnataka is marked by
widespread use of seafood, coconut and coconut oil.
• Rice is the staple grain and is the centerpiece of every
meal.
• Gravies called 'Gassi' made from chicken, fish, meats
are served with rice.
• Lentils and vegetables cooked with coconut, spices and
tempered with mustard, curry leaves, generous
asafoetida, called Huli, is also served with rice
• A Rasam-like preparation is called Saaru, which again
is served with rice.

18. Coastal Karnataka cuisine
• The meal will also contain vegetable side dishes
called Palya.
• Other accompaniments include curd-based Tambli,
sweet-tangy Gojju, pickles and Happala,
Sandige(Fryums) or Papads.
• Some of the distinct breakfast foods served here
include Bun, Biscuit rotti, Goli Bajji, and Patrode
• Chutney and pickles: Pickles popularly are
Appemidi(found in Dandeli forest), Bettada nelli,
lemon, Amateykai, and Mixed vegetables. Chutneys:
Ground nut Chutnety, Cocnut Chutney, Onion Chutney,

19. Coorgi cuisine
• Coorgi cuisine is very distinct from the other
regional cuisines of Karnataka, much like their
culture. The hallmark of Coorgi cuisine is the
widespread use of pork, game, and meats.
• They also use kokum generously in their cooking.
While the staple food remains rice and rice-based
preparations like kadambattu, steamed
rice dumplings and rice rottis, their expertise in
cooking non-vegetarian foods is unmatched.

20. South Karnataka cuisine
• The south Karnataka or the old Mysore cuisine is dominated
by Ragi or finger millet and rice. Ragi in the form of Ragi mudde of
dumplings or steamed rice is the centerpiece of a meal.
• Often served with these two dishes are vegetable sides or
Palya, Gojju, pickles, Tovve – mildly spiced lentils laced
with Ghee, Huli – the lentil curry and Tili Saaru, a peppery thin
watery curry almost likeRasam.
• Certain preparations like Bas saaru, which is a spiced lentil with
vegetable or greens' stock along with seasoned vegetables or
greens, Upp Saaru which is another lentil stock based
accompaniment to rice or mudde, Mosoppu, which is mashed
spiced greens, Maskai, which is mashed spiced vegetables, are
typical home style food from this region.

21. South Karnataka cuisine
• Avare Kal (or Indian beans) is a popular vegetable
consumed during winter. They are used in a variety of
dishes like Usali, Upma, Huli, Hitakida Bele Saaru, etc.Rice
preparations usually served as the second course of a
traditional meals include Bisi bele
baath, Chitranna, Hulianna, etc.
• Yogurt is a typical part of every meal in all the regions of
Karnataka and is probably the most popular dairy product.
Generally yogurt with rice constitute the final course of a
meal. Buttermilk laced with spices and curry leaves is also
popularly served with meals especially during summer.
• Ghee and butter are also popular cooking mediums for
those who can afford them, and are mostly reserved for
festivals and special occasions.

22. Udipi hotels
• The credit for popularising these foods elsewhere in India
goes to Udupi hotels.
• In fact, in north India, Udupi hotels are often synonymous
with south Indian food, even though the range of foods
they serve is mostly restricted to the Karnataka cuisine.
• These small establishments serve inexpensive vegetarian
breakfast dishes throughout the day, all over India.
• These were mostly run by people native to
the Canara region.
• The famous Masala Dosa traces its origin to Udupi
cuisine and was subsequently popularised by Udupi
restaurants.

23. Most famous food items
• People from Karnataka are notorious for their sweet tooth. Mysore
Pak, Obbattu/Holige, Dharwad pedha, Pheni, Chiroti are popular sweets.
Apart from these sweets there are other lesser known sweets like
'Hungu', Kajjaya, Coconut Mithai, karjikai, Rave Unde, sajapa, Pakada
Pappu, Chigali, a variety of Kadubus, Tambittu, Paramanna, and
Hayagreeva. Most of these sweets are not milk-based, unlike the popular
sweetmaking tradition elsewhere in India. Most of these sweets are made
using Jaggery and not refined sugar.
• Some typical Breakfast dishes include Masala Dosa, Ragi rotti, Akki
rotti, Vangi Baath, Menthya Baath, Tamato Baath, Khara Baath, Kesari
Baath,Shavige Baath, Davanagere Benne Dosa, Uppittu, Plain and
Rave Idli, Mysore Masala Dosa, Kadubu, Poori, Avalakki etc. Lunch items
include (sambar)Huli, (rasam)thili, Kootu, Gojju and a delicacy called Bisi
bele baath, Chitranna, Kosambri(Salad), Pachadi or Mosaru bajji
• Snack Items: Kodabale, Chakkali, Nippatu, Maddur Vade, Aamb Vade, Golli
Bajji, Mangalore Bun,

24. Kerala food

25. • Kerala cuisine is quite diverse.
• The diversity is best classified on the basis of the various
communities.
• Most of the food is vegetarian but with the higher Christian and
Muslim population than other states, non-vegetarian dishes are
also common.
• The Hindus, especially the Namboodris and Nairs have a
predominantly vegetarian cuisine, whilst the Christian and the
Muslim communities have a largely non-vegetarian cuisine.
• The Syrian Christian dishes and Malabari Muslim dishes are famous.
Since Kerala's main export is coconuts, almost all of the
dishes, irrespective of the variety in the cuisines of the different
communities, have coconuts associated with them, either in the
form of shavings or oil extracted from the nut. Seafood is also very
popular in the coastal regions and eaten almost every day.

26. Most famous food items
• Vegetarian: olan, paalpradaman, nendarangai
chips, aviyal, pulissery, erucherri, sambar, rasam, kalan, upperis, pachady,
kichadi.
• Non-vegetarian: shrimp coconut curry, fish curry (various versions
depending on the region), fish fry, chicken fry with shredded coconuts, fish
pickle, podimeen fry, meen thoran (fish with coconut), Karimeen (pearl
spot fish) pollichathu, shrimp masala, chicken stew, mutton stew, duck
curry, malabari fish curry, kakka (shells)
thoran, kalllumekka, crabs, malabar biriyani, thalassery biriyani, pearl spot
fish, jewel fish, mussels, squid, kappa boiled, kappa (tapioca) vevichathu
with non- vegetarian curries.
• Malabar biriyani is a rice cuisine the difference is it uses Khyma rice
instead of basmati rice.
• The main variants are Thalassery biriyani and Kozhikode biryani.[1]
• Pidi with mutton curry or chicken curry.
• Porotta with chicken curry or mutton curry.

27. • Snacks: upperi, payasam, banan fry (ethaykkappam or
pazham pori), ullivada, kozhukkatta, avalosunda,
unniyappam, neeyyappam, unnaykka, thira, churuttu,
boli, modhakam, paal vazhaykka, cutlets, halwas,
cakes, vattayappam, kinnathappam, irattymadhuram.
• Breakfast: Puttu (with banana or kadala curry, egg
curry, or beef fry).
• Appam (velayappam, palappam) with curry, vegetable
stew, fish molee, chicken or mutton stew, beef curry,
duck roast, pork masala. Idiyappam also with same
curries.
• Pidi with mutton curry or chicken curry.

28. • Idli, dosai with chutney.
• Kanji with dry beans, pickle, pappad and made
with coconut.
• Typical Indian masala dosa (Kerala style): It is a
combination of shredded, cooked, and fried
vegetables with Indian sauce and a lot of spices
as the basic stuffing, enveloped by a thick brown
dosa made out of a dal and rice batter. To
embellish this unique preparation, it is served
with hot sambhar and coconut chutney.

29. Tamil food

30. • A typical Tamil meal consists of many spicy and nonspicy dishes.Except Brahmins and a couple of nonBrahmin castes, tamils eat more non-vegetarian.
• Many of these dishes are typically mixed and eaten
with steamed rice, which is the staple food of the
region.
• Tamil cuisine groups dishes under five slightly
overlapping categories. First are the dishes that
necessarily are mixed with rice;
various Kuzhambu, Sambhar, Paruppu, Rasam, Thayir, K
adaiyalsand the likes belong to this category.

31. • Tamil cuisine groups dishes under five slightly
overlapping categories.
• First are the dishes that necessarily are mixed with rice;
various Kuzhambu, Sambhar, Paruppu, Rasam, Thayir, K
adaiyalsand the likes belong to this category.
• The second are the side dishes that accompany such
mixtures; Kootu, Kari, Poriyal, Pickles, Papads fall into
this category.
• Third are the short snacks and their
accompaniments; vadai, bonda,bajji, soups, various ch
utneys, thayir pachadi and the likes belong to this
category.

32. • The fourth category is usually the rich, sweet dishes that serve as
desserts; Payasam, Kheer, Kesari and a plethora of Indian sweets
belong to this category.
• The fifth category includes "tiffin", or light meals.
• This include various types of idlis, various types of dosai, poori,
types of pongal, types
ofuppma, idiyappam, aappam, adai, parotta, paniyaram etc.
• Preparations from the fifth category are served for breakfast and
dinner, usually not as midday meal.
• Tamil cuisine mainly offers light breakfast, lighter dinner, a heavy
midday meal and evening snacks, often served with tea or coffee.
• Third to follow will be the Rasam again, mixed with rice, one usually
eats this accompanied by crisps.
• The last of the courses will invariably be rice with curd or yoghurt;
this is usually taken along with pickles

33. •
•
•
•
•
Throughout the meal, the side dishes are served and eaten with
the courses, depending upon one's taste or choice; side dishes are
constantly replenished during any meal.
As a last course, the desserts are served.
Finally guestsIn eitherto the typical meal (Lunch conclude the meal with
retire case, a living room and or Dinner)
banana and freshlyserved on a banana leaf. Mealsbetel leaves, betel nuts
will be made paanconsisting of are
and lime. paan is considered a digestive aid. and
often accompanied by various pickles
The situationappalams. with Tamil non-vegetarian meals, except that
is similar
the first and second courses are usually replaced by
various Biryanis and non-vegetarian gravies.
In either case, a typical meal (Lunch or Dinner) will be served on a
banana leaf. Meals are often accompanied by various pickles and
appalams.

34. • Food is generally classified into six tastes –
sweet, sour, salt, bitter, pungent and astringent and traditional
Tamil cuisine recommends that you include all of these six tastes in
each main meal you eat.
• Each taste has a balancing ability and including some of each
provides complete nutrition, minimises cravings and balances the
appetite and digestion.
• Sweet (Milk, butter, sweet cream, wheat, ghee (clarified
butter), rice, honey)
• Sour (Limes and lemons, citrus fruits, yogurt, mango, tamarind)
• Salty (Salt or pickles)
• Bitter (Bitter gourd, greens of many kinds, turmeric, fenugreek)
• Pungent (Chili peppers, ginger, black pepper, clove, mustard)
• Astringent (Beans, lentils, turmeric, vegetables like cauliflower and
cabbage, cilantro)

35. Chettinad cuisine
• Chettinad cuisine is famous for its use of a variety of spices used in
preparing mainly non-vegetarian food
• The dishes are hot and pungent with fresh ground masalas, and
topped with a boiled egg that is usually considered an essential part
of a meal.
• They also use a variety of sun-dried meats and salted
vegetables, reflecting the dry environment of the region.
• The meat is restricted to fish, prawn, lobster, crab, chicken and
mutton. Chettiars do not eat beef and pork.
• Most of the dishes are eaten with rice and rice based
accompaniments such as dosais, appams, idiyappams, adais and
idlis. The Chettinad people through their mercantile contacts with
Burma, learnt to prepare a type of rice pudding made with sticky
red rice.

36. • Chettinad cuisine offers a variety of vegetarian
and non-vegetarian dishes. Some of the
popular vegetarian dishes include idiyappam,
paniyaram, vellai paniyaram, karuppatti
Most famous food items
paniyaram, paal paniyaram, kuzhi paniyaram,
kozhakattai, masala paniyaram, adikoozh,
kandharappam, seeyam, masala seeyam,
kavuni arisi and athirasam.

37. Most famous food items
• Vegetarian: kevar
kalli, idli, sambar, vadai, rasam, dosa, thayir
sadam (yogurt rice), thayir vadai (yogurt-soaked
fritters), kootu(vegetables in wet style), poriyal/kari
(vegetables in dry
style), murukku, uthappam, idiappam, appalam (deep
fried lentil-flour crisps) andpapadum (baked lentil-flour
crips), freshly made thayir pachidi (yogurt mixed with
fresh vegetables).
• Non-vegetarian: karuvattu kuzhambu (salted, dried fish
in sauce), chettinad pepper chicken, fish fry, and Kanji
with "old fish" gravy.