1. CRITICALEVERYDAYLIFESOGIOLOGIES
PROBLEMATIZINGTHEEVERYDAY
MICHAELE.GARDINER
PINARŞİMŞEKID501

2. KarlMarx
“Marxadmonishesustoturnourthoughtsawayfromarcane
theologicalandphilosophicaldebatesinordertograspactual
socialpracticesandrelationshipsasthesearelocatedin
thesphereofdailyexistence.”

3. KarlMarx
“AccordingtoMarxcapitalismhadtransformed
personelworthintoexchangevalue.”
cashnexus
human
activities
human
interaction

4. KarlMarx
“Thespontaneous‘commensense’generatedbycapitalism
preventusfromlookingbeyondthesurfaceappearance
ofthecommoditysoastograsptheunderlying
socio-economicrelationsthat,inreality,producedit.”
commodity
fetishism
cognitive
dislocation
collective
amnesia

5. KarlMarx
AsMichaelBillignotes,Marxlocatestheconcealmentofsocio-economisrealitiesin:
theintercourseofeverydaylife.Custom,orhabit,fixesapricetocommodities;
and,inconsequence,thehiddensecretdisappearsfromawareness.Marx’s
briefremarkscontainanimplicitpsychology:customsetsroutines,forwhich
weuse‘obvious’commonplacenotions,butthesenotionsdrivefrom
awarenessthefullnatureoftheseroutines.Inthisway,thereisalinkbetween
customandlackofawareness,sothatanunconciousnessisbuiltinto
theaccomplishmentofsocialcustoms.theaccomplishmentofsocialcustoms.

6. KarlMarx
T”hesupposedautonomyofideologicalsystemsmustberejected
decisively,andreplacedbyempiricalsocio-historicalresearch
intotheproductionandreproductionofhumanlifewithin
particularhistoricalcircumstances-whatMarxreferedtoas
the‘studyofactuality’.”

7. GeorgSimmel
“AlthoughMarxdidformulateinitiallythetheoriesofalienation
andcomodityfetishism,hefocusedprimarilyonhow
theserelatedtocapitalisteconomicprocess.Simmel,
bycontrast,soughttograspmodernityasadistinct
socio-culturelformationthattransformeddailylife
engenderedawiderangeofnewaffective,
behbehaviouralandsensoryeffects.”

8. GeorgSimmel
“Simmelsoughttounderstandthevery‘everydayness’
ofmundanesocialexistence,notonlytosee
intheobjectsandpassingmomentsofdailylifeasign
ofsomething‘deeper’ormore‘fundemental’.”

9. GeorgSimmel
MARXvsSIMMEL
“ThemaindifferencebetweenSimmel’saccountofreification
andMarx’stheoryisthatthelattertendedtorestrict
alienationtocommodity-formandaconomicproduction,
whereasforSimmel-presciently,tosaytheleast-
itpermeatesalldomainsofmodernsociety.”

10. GeorgSimmel
“Technicalconsiderationsofefficiencyandnarrowly
goal-orientedbehaviourtendtosupplant
relationshipsofanethicalandqualitativenature.”

11. GeorgSimmel
“Everydaylifebecomesakindofindividualproject,a‘workofart’
constitutinganendtoitself,accomplishedthrough
therefinementofindividualtastesanddispositions
symptomaticofthegeneral‘aestheticization’of
dailyexistenceundermodernity”

12. GeorgLuckacs
“whatGeargeLuckashimselfoncedescribedas
‘romanticanti-capitalism’,thebeliefthatmoderncapitalism
hadcreatedasoulless,mechanicalcivilizationintheplaceof
anorganicandintegratedpremoderncommunity,
wasverywidespreadatthetime”

13. GeorgLuckacs
MichaelLöwyhasidentifiedtwocentralfeaturesoftheMessianic
impulseduringthisperiod:
Restoration:AheartfeltyearningforalostEdenicpadiseor‘GoldenAge’
Utopia:Thedesiretoreestablishthisparadisiacalconditionatsomefuturetime

14. GeorgLuckacs
“TheeverydaywasviewedincreasinglybyLukacs,notsomuchas
asphereofmetaphysically‘inauthentic’existence,butas
theprimarysocialterrainwhereinclasscontradictionswere
manifestedandamilitantlyanti-capitalistconsciousness
mightbegenerated.”

15. GeorgLuckacs
Simmel:“Capitalistexistencethepossibilityofenhencedpersonal
freedomandself-expression,inwhichasuccessfulbalance
couldbeachievedbetweensocialinterestsandindividual
desiresandimpulses.”
SIMMELvsLUKACS
Lukacs:“Thedailylifeofmodernitywassodebasedthat
redemptionwouldonlybepossiblebysuperseding
theeverydaycompletely,throughaleapintoacompletely,
througha‘leap’intoacompletelydifferentkindofcommunity.”

16. WalterBenjamin
“Itwastheeverydayworlditselfthatwasopentoredemption,
topositivetransformation,althoughhewouldhardlydispute
thenotionthatthehighestachievementsofartor
criticalintellectualinquirywereintegralto
afullylivedhumanexistence.”

17. WalterBenjamin
“BoredomwasforBenjaminapeculiarlyrefusaltoconfromto
theomnipresentcompulsiontoconsumepassively
anever-expandingrangeofgoodsandservices,
andhencewasanexpressionofnon-alienatedexperience”

18. WalterBenjamin
BenjaminagreeswithSimmelthattheexprlorationofmodern
everydaymustoccurontwodifferentlevels:
First:Intermsofmaterialcultureandthebuiltenvironment
Second:Withrespecttohowthisurbansettingsimpactson
humanpsychology,bodiesandsocialinteractions.

19. WalterBenjamin
“Benjamindoesnotpromptustolookbackwardsata‘GoldenAge’
ofpresumptivelygenuinecommunity,butrathertodetectthepuls
ofutopianenergiesinthehereandnow,totapintotheseforces,
revivifythem,andlinkthemtotransformativepoliticalpaxis.”

20. CommonGround
Determinationnottoregardtheeverydayasa‘backdrop’
Theytendtoseetheeverydayasacrucialsiteofideological
contestationandtheformationomassconsciousness
Theeverydaydoesnotconsistonlyinhabitualizedor
taken-for-grantedbehaviourandattitudes