CLOUD COMPUTING: A NEW ERA TOWARDS FUTURE TECHNOLOGY

CLOUD COMPUTING
A New Era Towards Future Technology

Agenda
Cloud Computing – General overview
What is cloud?
Evolution &Market Drivers
Service types in details
Getting Started in the Cloud
Pros & Cons
Dr.K.L.Baishnab,Asst.Prof,NITS 09/02/15
2

Cloud ComputingGeneral Overview

What is Cloud Computing
4Adopted from: Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm by peter Mell, Tim Grance
• Shared pool of configurable computing resources
• On-demand network access
• Provisioned by the Service Provider

Cloud Service Models
5
Software as a
Service (SaaS)
Platform as a
Service (PaaS)
Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS)
Google
App
Engine
SalesForce CRM
LotusLive
Adopted from: Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm by peter Mell, Tim Grance

History
 Concept evolved in 1950(IBM) called RJE
(Remote Job Entry Process).
 In 2006 Amazon provided First public cloud
AWS(Amazon Web Service).
6

Cloud Computing-Definition
 "Cloud computing is Internet-based computing, whereby shared
resource, software, and information are provided to computers and
other devices on demand, like the electricity grid.”
--
 “Cloud computing, often referred to as simply ‘the cloud’, is the
delivery of on-demand computing resources, everything from
applications to data centres over the Internet on a pay-for-use
basis.” --
 “Cloud computing is a new approach that reduces IT complexity by
leveraging the efficient pooling of on-demand, self-managed virtual
infrastructure, consumed as a service” --
7

Cloud Computing-Definition
 A standardised IT capability (services, software or infrastructure)
delivered via internet technologies in a pay-per-use, self-service way
--
 Cloud services are shared services, under virtualised management,
accessible over the internet
--
 A style of computing where massively scalable IT-related capabilities
are provided “as a service” using internet technologies to multiple
external customers
--
8

Cloud Computing Example
 Eg: Yahoo!, GMail, Hotmail-
Instead of running an e-mail program on
your computer, you log in to a Web e-mail
account remotely. The software and storage
for your account doesn't exist on your
computer -- it's on the service's computer
cloud.
9

Cloud Computing Example
 American multinational Computer
Technology Company Dell is currently
working on a project called “Ophelia”, a
potentially game changing device that is
essentially a virtual computer that can be
accessed anywhere. Project Ophelia
would allow a user to access their own
computer and its applications on any
connected devices.
10

Why cloud computing? Cont…
 Traditional Software Vs Cloud computing
11

 Dynamic- One of the keys to cloud
computing is on-demand provisioning
 Massively scalable- The service must react
immediately to your needs
 Multi-tenant- Cloud computing, by its nature,
delivers shared services
 Self-service - As a user, you can use the service
as you require

 Per-usage based pricing model - You should
only ever pay for the amount of service you
consume
 IP-based architecture - Cloud architectures are
based on virtualised, internet based technologies

Traditional Infrastructure Model
Forecasted
Infrastructure
Demand
Time
Capital
14

Acceptable Surplus
Forecasted
Infrastructure
Demand
Surplus
Time
Capital
15

Actual
Infrastructure
Demand
Time
Capital
16

Unacceptable Surplus
Surplus
Time
Capital
17

Unacceptable Deficit
Deficit
Time
Capital
18

Utility Infrastructure Model
Actual
Infrastructure
Demand
Time
Capital
19

Lets switch to Cloud
 So Now, it is Time For Every
Organizations to Concentrate on
Providing Pro-active Services and Move
From General Service to Personalize
Information Services to the Users for the
Benefit of Academic Community rather
than Hunting for Technology to Deliver
the Services.
21

Cloud Computing Market Leaders,
2015
Challenger
s
Leaders
Niche Players Visionaries
Source: http://www.webopedia.com
22

Some Commercial Cloud Offerings
23

Microsoft’s Cloud Platform
Global Foundation
Services
Cloud Infrastructure
Services
Building Block
Services
Finished Services &
Solutions
Dev Tools
Dr.K.L.Baishnab,Asst.Prof,NITS 09/02/15 24

Cloud ComputingTechnical Overview

Cloud Service
09/02/15 Dr.K.L.Baishnab,Asst.Prof,NITS
26

What is Software as a Service?
(SaaS)
 SaaS is a software delivery
methodology that provides licensed
multi-tenant access to software and its
functions remotely as a Web-based
service.
 Usually billed based on usage
 Usually multi tenant environment
 Highly scalable architectureDr.K.L.Baishnab,Asst.Prof,NITS 09/02/15
27

SaaS Examples
28

Infrastructure as a Service
(IaaS)
 IaaS is the delivery of technology
infrastructure as an on demand
scalable service
 Usually billed based on usage
 Usually multi tenant virtualized
environment
 Can be coupled with Managed Services
for OS and application supportDr.K.L.Baishnab,Asst.Prof,NITS 09/02/15
29

Example of IAAS Providers
 Amazon Cloud Formation
 Amazon Ec2
 Windows Azure Virtual Machines
 DynDNS
 Google Compute Engine
 HP Cloud
 Iland
 Joyent
 Rackspace Cloud
 Ready Space Cloud Services
 Terremark and NaviSite.
30

Platform as a Service (PaaS)
 PaaS provides all of the facilities required
to support the complete life cycle of
building and delivering web applications
and services entirely from the Internet.
 Typically applications must be developed
with a particular platform in mind
 Multi tenant environments
 Highly scalable multi tier architecture
31

PaaS Examples
32


09/02/15Dr.K.L.Baishnab,Asst.Prof,NITS
33

Virtual Machines
• VM technology allows multiple virtual
machines to run on a single physical machine.
Hardware
Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) / Hypervisor
Guest OS
(Linux)
Guest OS
(NetBSD)
Guest OS
(Windows)
VM VM VM
AppApp AppAppApp
Xen
VMWare
UML
Denali
etc.
Performance: Para-virtualization (e.g. Xen) is very close to raw physical
performance!
34

Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)
• Unlimited Storage.
• Pay for what you use:
– $0.20 per GByte of data transferred,
– $0.15 per GByte-Month for storage used,
– Second Life Update:
• 1TBytes, 40,000 downloads in 24 hours - $200,
35

Cloud Storage
• Several large Web companies are now exploiting the
fact that they have data storage capacity that can be
hired out to others.
– allows data stored remotely to be temporarily cached on
desktop computers, mobile phones or other Internet-
linked devices.
• Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) and Simple
Storage Solution (S3) are well known examples
– Mechanical Turk
36

Utility Computing – EC2
• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2):
– Elastic, marshal 1 to 100+ PCs via WS,
– Machine Specs…,
– Fairly cheap!
• Powered by Xen – a Virtual Machine:
– Different from Vmware and VPC as uses “para-virtualization” where
the guest OS is modified to use special hyper-calls:
– Hardware contributions by Intel (VT-x/Vanderpool) and AMD (AMD-
V).
– Supports “Live Migration” of a virtual machine between hosts.
• Linux, Windows, OpenSolaris
• Management Console/AP
37

Opportunities and Challenges
• The use of the cloud provides a number of
opportunities:
– It enables services to be used without any understanding
of their infrastructure.
– Cloud computing works using economies of scale:
• It potentially lowers the outlay expense for start up companies, as
they would no longer need to buy their own software or servers.
• Cost would be by on-demand pricing.
• Vendors and Service providers claim costs by establishing an
ongoing revenue stream.
– Data and services are stored remotely but accessible from
“anywhere”.
38

Opportunities and Challenges
• In parallel there has been backlash against cloud computing:
– Use of cloud computing means dependence on others and that could
possibly limit flexibility and innovation:
• The others are likely become the bigger Internet companies like Google
and IBM, who may monopolise the market.
• Some argue that this use of supercomputers is a return to the time of
mainframe computing that the PC was a reaction against.
– Security could prove to be a big issue:
• It is still unclear how safe out-sourced data is and when using these
services ownership of data is not always clear.
– There are also issues relating to policy and access:
• If your data is stored abroad whose policy do you adhere to?
• What happens if the remote server goes down?
• How will you then access files?
• There have been cases of users being locked out of accounts and losing
access to data.
39

Advantages of Cloud Computing
• Lower computer costs:
– You do not need a high-powered and high-priced computer
to run cloud computing's web-based applications.
– Since applications run in the cloud, not on the desktop PC,
your desktop PC does not need the processing power or hard
disk space demanded by traditional desktop software.
– When you are using web-based applications, your PC can be
less expensive, with a smaller hard disk, less memory, more
efficient processor...
– In fact, your PC in this scenario does not even need a CD or
DVD drive, as no software programs have to be loaded and
no document files need to be saved.
40

• Improved performance:
– With few large programs hogging your computer's
memory, you will see better performance from your PC.
– Computers in a cloud computing system boot and run
faster because they have fewer programs and processes
loaded into memory…
• Reduced software costs:
– Instead of purchasing expensive software applications, you
can get most of what you need for free-ish!
• most cloud computing applications today, such as the Google Docs suite.
– better than paying for similar commercial software
• which alone may be justification for switching to cloud applications.
41

• Instant software updates:
– Another advantage to cloud computing is that you are no longer faced
with choosing between obsolete software and high upgrade costs.
– When the application is web-based, updates happen automatically
• available the next time you log into the cloud.
– When you access a web-based application, you get the latest version
• without needing to pay for or download an upgrade.
• Improved document format compatibility.
– You do not have to worry about the documents you create on your
machine being compatible with other users' applications or OSes
– There are potentially no format incompatibilities when everyone is
sharing documents and applications in the cloud.
42

• Unlimited storage capacity:
– Cloud computing offers virtually limitless storage.
– Your computer's current 1 Tbyte hard drive is small
compared to the hundreds of Pbytes available in the
cloud.
• Increased data reliability:
– Unlike desktop computing, in which if a hard disk crashes
and destroy all your valuable data, a computer crashing in
the cloud should not affect the storage of your data.
• if your personal computer crashes, all your data is still out there in
the cloud, still accessible
– In a world where few individual desktop PC users back up
their data on a regular basis, cloud computing is a data-
safe computing platform!
43

• Universal document access:
– That is not a problem with cloud computing, because you
do not take your documents with you.
– Instead, they stay in the cloud, and you can access them
whenever you have a computer and an Internet connection
– Documents are instantly available from wherever you are
• Latest version availability:
– When you edit a document at home, that edited version is
what you see when you access the document at work.
– The cloud always hosts the latest version of your
documents
• as long as you are connected, you are not in danger of having an outdated
version 44

• Easier group collaboration:
– Sharing documents leads directly to better collaboration.
– Many users do this as it is an important advantages of cloud
computing
• multiple users can collaborate easily on documents and projects
• Device independence.
– You are no longer tethered to a single computer or network.
– Changes to computers, applications and documents follow
you through the cloud.
– Move to a portable device, and your applications and
documents are still available.
45

Disadvantages of Cloud Computing
• Requires a constant Internet connection:
– Cloud computing is impossible if you cannot connect to
the Internet.
– Since you use the Internet to connect to both your
applications and documents, if you do not have an
Internet connection you cannot access anything, even
your own documents.
– A dead Internet connection means no work and in areas
where Internet connections are few or inherently
unreliable, this could be a deal-breaker.
46

Cloud Deployment Models
Private Public
Combination
Hybrid
Internal IT
External
Provider
47

Deployment Models cont…
Public cloud
Public clo ud (off-site and remote) describes cloud
computing where resources are dynamically provisioned
on an on-demand, self-service basis over the Internet, via
web applications/web services, open API, from a third-
party provider who bills on a utility computing basis.
48

Private cloud
A private clo ud environment is often the first step for a
corporation prior to adopting a public cloud initiative.
Corporations have discovered the benefits of
consolidating shared services on virtualized hardware
deployed from a primary datacenter to serve local and
remote users.
49

Hybrid cloud
A hybrid clo ud environment consists of some portion of
computing resources on-site (on premise) and off-site (public
clo ud). By integrating public cloud services, users can leverage
cloud solutions for specific functions that are too costly to
maintain on-premise such as virtual server disaster recovery,
backups and test/development environments.
50

Community cloud
A co m m unity clo ud is formed when several organizations with
similar requirements share common infrastructure. Costs are
spread over fewer users than a public clo ud but more than a
single tenant.
51

ReliabilityLackof
Control
Lock -inSecurity
Scale &
Cost
Next
Generation
Architecture
Choice &
Agility
Encapsulated
Change
Management
52

The Future
• Many of the activities loosely grouped together under cloud
computing have already been happening and centralised
computing activity is not a new phenomena
• Grid Computing was the last research-led centralised
approach
• However there are concerns that the mainstream adoption of
cloud computing could cause many problems for users
• Many new open source systems appearing that you can install
and run on your local cluster
– should be able to run a variety of applications on these systems
53

Conclusion
Cloud Computing is outpacing the IT industry
Real business value can be realized by customers of all sizes
Cloud solutions are simple to acquire, don’t require long term
contracts and are easier to scale up and down as needed
Proper planning and migration services are needed to ensure
a successful implementation
Public and Private Clouds can be deployed together to
leverage the best of both
Third party monitoring services ensure customer are getting
the most out of their cloud environment
Security Compliance and Monitoring is achievable with careful
planning and analysis
54

CLOUD COMPUTING: A NEW ERA TOWARDS FUTURE TECHNOLOGY

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