3. Y.lIK 373.167.1:811.161.1
BBK 81.2.Pyc.·922
B91
06pa30B8TeJlLHsg CHCTeM8 .mKOJI8 2100.
PEKOMEH,llOBAHO MHHHCTEPCTBOM QBPA3QBAHHH
I< HAYKI< POCCHRcKOR <l>E.lEPA1HH
Hay<IHblH pe,/UU:TOp - aK~eMI1K PAD A.A. JIeoHTbea
PYKOBO,ltHTeJIb ASTOPCKOro KOnJIeKTHS8 - AOu.eHT E.B. ByueeBa
ByneeB P. H ., BYHeeBaE. B.o KOMHccapoBaJI.IO., TeKyqes8 H. B.
B91 PyCCKHK HaWK. Y'IetiHHK AJUI 5-1'0 KJl8cca OCHOBHOH WKOJIhi. B 2 RH. KH. 1/
no,ll; Hay'!. peA. 8X8.,!I;. PAC A. A. JIeOHThes8. - 113.t. a-e, HCUp. - M. : Banacc,
2008. - 192 C., ".II. (06paaOSflTeJIbHas:CHCTeM8 .mKQJI8 2100., CeplfH .Cso6o,lt-
HhiA YM.).
ISBN 978-5-8:5939-661-0 (o(jUl..)
ISBN 978-5-85939-662-7 (tell. I)
Y'Ie6HHK npe,llU83S8'1CH AJlH Y'!SIltKXCJI 5-1'0 lUI. 06w.e06pa30B8'n!J1bHoA WKOJILI. Coar-
BeTCTSye-r qJeAepam.HOIq KO~"OHeHT)' rocYAAJlC'!'BeHHOro C'I1lHA8vr8 06w.ero 06pa30BIlBHH,
RBJlJleTCII DpOAOJDKeBHe/O! HenpepLlBHoro Kypca pyCCKOro Jl:3bUUl AJlH HfttUUU.uol!: IIlKOJihl H
COCTIlBHOJi: "I8CThlO f{ONDJleK1'8 OI5P&30B8T1'!JU.1I0A CIlCTeMbi .WIIOJIa 21()(h.
TIPOAOJI)f(8eT OCHOBHble JlIIHHIl pa3BIITJUl y'la~KXCll CpeACTUMK IIpe.!{MeTB .PYCCIIH!
fl3YII_: 4lopMHpofI8.HHe ¢lYHIIIl,.IIOH8JI'bHOii rp8MOTUOCTH, lIaBYKOB H YMeHHti pa3JIII'lHblX
BIIAOB ycTHOti H DHCbMeHHoA pe'lll, op¢iorpa¢lK'leeKoti II nYIIKryB.qKOIlHOA rp8MOTHOCTII,
coo6uteUKe H CKCTeNaTK3all,lIf1 311AHHA 0 M3YKe, pa3BKTlle 'I}'1JCTBa fl3b11U1.
Y.lIK 373.167.1:811.161.1
BBK 81.2.Pyc,·922
)l;aHHblii yqe6HHK B lI,eJlOM H BHK8K8S1 ero 'IBeTh He MOryT 6blTh
CKonHpoBBHbl 6e3 p83peweHHSf BJI8,.Il;eJIhll,a 8BTOPCKHX npall
ISBN 978·5·85939·661·0 (06",.)
ISBN 978·5·85939·662·7 (HH. 1)
C P.H.SYlIeeB, E.B.BYlleeBa, JIJO.KoMuccapoB8,
H.B.TeKY<feaa, 1999,2000,2005
to KOBlI,enll,lISI Y'le6HlIl(a - P.H.SYlleel'l, E.B.Syueeu,
1999.2000.2005
C 000 .SaMCC., 1999. 2000, 2005
D
Y CnOBHble 0603Ha'leHHR
BOnpOCld, KOTOplde nOMOraJOT nOHHTh TeMY,
C,1l;eJIRTb BldBO.n;.
::lTO HymHo 3aTIOMHHTb.
,I{onOJIHHTeJIhHlde CBe,lJ;eHHH 0 H3ldKe.
06paTH oc06oe BHHMRHHe!
MaTepHaJI ,1l;JIH HR6JIIO,1l;eHHH.
YnpamHeHH.R ,lJ;JIH pa3BHTHH YCTHOH peqH.
(Pp) YilpalKHeHH" lIJI" pa3BHTH" IIHChMeH-
HOH peqH.
YnpamHeHHH ,1l;JIH ,lJ;OMamHeH pa60TbI.
TeKCTld B3HTld H3 npOH3Be.n;eSHH, BKJIlOqeHHhlX B
yqe6HHK-xpeCTOMaTHIO no JIHTepaType .mar 3a ro-
PH30HT> (5·il: KJIacc).
3HaKH OKono enoB 0603Ha'iaIOT:
gCHblii
1
BldIIOJIHH qx,HeT1{tIecKHH pa360p CJIOBa.
BemIKO,lJ;ymHbI~ BbillOJIHH pa360p no COCT8.BY If CJIOBO-
06pa30BaTeJIbHhlH pa360p CJIOBa.
~e,llpOCTb3 BbIllOJIHH MOPCPOJIOrH'tJ:eCKlfH pa360p
(pa36epH CJIOBO KaK '!aCTh pe,!H).
A BOCTOR BCe
•ropHT, pa3rOpaeTCg,
,llOCTOgHUe*
BhlrrOJIHH cHHTaKCHlleCKHH pa360p
rrpe,lJ;JIOjl(eHHH.
3HalleHHe CJIOBa 06'bHCHHeTCH B TOJIKO-
BOM CJIOBape B KOHu;e yqe6HHKa.
3
4. C8emJloil naM..Jlmu uawezo YllUmeJlR
npocjJeccopa
M uxaU.Jla TpOcjJuJ<o8U~a BapaH08a
noc8J",{aeJ< .my pa6omy.
BBE.tEHHE. lbl H3Y'IaeWb PYCCKHH 1I3blK
1. npOYHTaH OTPblSOK 1013 KHHrH 11.B. YcneHCKoro «enOSO 0 cno-
sax». nonblTaHCSI npOAOn>KHTb Mblcnb aSTopa nocne MHOrOTO'"4HSI.
B HOMepe KaKOrO-TO mypHaJIa MBe norraJICH paCCKa3 Kyrr-
pHHa. Ha3bIBaJICH OB ~BeqepHHH 1'0CTb)).
HaCKOJIbKO SI rrOMHIO, paCCKaa Be rrpOH3BE:!JI HR MeHH 60JIb-
IDOI'O Bne'tJaTJIeHHH; Terrepb H ,o;ame He CKa.my BaM TOqHO, 0
qeM TaM 1'0BOPHJIOCb. Ho O,o;B8 MaJIeHbK8..R: c:u;eHKa H3 Hero Ha-
BCel',o;a BpeaaJIaCb MHe B naMSITb, XOTH B Te ,o;HH MHe 6b1JIO em;e
OqeHb HeMHOI'O JIeT - ,o;eCHTb HJIH ,o;BeHa,ll;:u;aTb, He 6oJIee.
l{TO MeHH B Heft nOpaaHJIO?
B KOMHaTe CH,lI;HT qeJIOBeK, a co ,o;Bopa K HeMY KTO-TO H,lI;eT,
KaKOM-TO • BeqepHHH 1'0CTb)). .
~ •••BOT cKpHIIHyJIa KaJIHTKa••• BOT np03ByqaJIM rnaI'M rro,o;
OKH8MH••• 51 CJIblIIIy, KaK OTKpbIBaeTCH ,o;Bepb, - IIHmeT Kyrr-
pHH. - Ceihlac OR Boii:.Jl;ih, H Mem.n;y RaMH npOHaoii,n;ih' caMas
06L1KHOBeRRas H caMas HenOBSTRaH Be~b B MHpe: Mid
RaqReM paarOBapHBaTL. rOCTb, H3,o;B.BaH aBYKH paaHOH BhIeo-
Thl H CHJIhI, 6y,n;eT Bhlpa.maTb CBOH MbICJIH, a H 6y,o;y CJIymaTb
3TH 3BYKOBlde KOJIe6aRHH Boa,n;yxa H pa3r8AIdBaTb, 'liTO OBH
3UaqaT... Hero MLICJIH CTaHYT MOHMH MldCJUIMH ••• 0, R3R Ta-
HHCTBeBBId, Raft CTpaBHhI, !taR HenOBHTHId ,ll;JIH Hac caMlde
npOCTlde mH3ReUHwe JlBJIeHHH!))
IIpoqHTB.B TOr,ll;a 3TH CTPOKH, Sl OCT8.HOBHJICSI B cMyrn;eHHH.
CHaqa.na MBe nOKa3aJIOCb, qTO aBTOp CMeeTCSI BaAo MHOH•••
• 4TO >Ke Ha3blBaeT AJ1. KynpHH «caMOH 06blKHoseHHOH 101 ca-
MOH HenOHSITHOH sew,bK> B MHpe»? • KaKYK> Mblcnb npOHl1l1K>CTPH-
posan Y'"4eHbIH-Sl3bIKoseA 11.B. YcneHCKHH C nOMOll..J.bK> OTpblSKa 1013
paCCKa3a KynpHHa? • KaK 6bl Tbl ccpopMynHposan TeMY Hawero
nepBoro ypOKa pYCCKoro S'l3bIKa? CAenaTb 3TO Te6e nOMO>KeT
TeKCT ynp. 2.
2. npO'"4HTaH OTPblSOK 1013 noseCTH 11.A. KaCCHIlSI «6YAbTe ro-
TOBbl, Bawe SbICO'"4eCTBO». 4TO Tbl MO>KeWb CKa3aTb 0 repoSlx?
• nonpo6YH npeAnOnO>KHTb, KaK 6YAYT pa3SHSaTbCS'I C06blTHSI B
nOBeCTH.
- Hy, - CK8aaJI Bo.maThlH* IOpa, rrpe,ll;CTaBHB rOCTSl pe6S1-
TaM B03JIe rraJIaTKH HOMep qeTblpe, - BOT BaM HOBeHbKHH. KTO
OH TaKOH, BbI Bce yme aBaeTe. Ha,n;eIOCb, C)l;pymHTeCb. H no-
meJI nOKa, a BbI TyT rrOKamHTe I'OCTIO Ham JIarepb.
X"Tep 6LIJI BOlKaThlH! 06"'HB"JI " ymeJI. )J;OTOJIKYHTeCL,
MOJI, caMHI
MHHYTbI TpH BepHblX ,lI;JIHJIOCh MOJPI8HHe. ,[(eBO~n(H YKpa,n;-
KOH nOrJISI,lI;blBaJIH Ha npHH:u;a. MaJlhllHmKH B yUop paCCMaT·
PHBaJIH el'O. A TOT CTOHJI, BblCOKOMepHO 3a,ll;paB rOJIOBY, HO
q aCTO nOMapl'HBaSl rrpHcrrym;eBHblMH BeKaMH.
HruwHeI TapaCKa pem"JICH.
- ExaH-6xaii! - rrPOH3HeC OH HeYBepeHHO.
OT rrpHH:u;a OTBeTa He rrOCJIe,ll;OBaJIO. Ho TYM8Ka OT HpocJIa-
Ba TapacKa nOJIyqHJI.
- I'yll lIeH, MaH q,peHII! ,lJ;y 10 CIT"K "HrJI"m? - CTapaTeJIL-
HO Bbll'OBOPHJI nHoHep*, XBaCTaBIDHH, 'liTO OH rOBopHT
nO-aHI'JIHHCKH.
- Hec, aH ,lI;y, - paBHo,n;ymHo H BSlJIO OTBeTHJI npHuD;.
5. TapaCKa pemHJI, 'tITO OH ,lI;OJImeH nOMO'tlb:
- IIapJI'; By <>paBe';?
- me napJIb, Me Tpe MaJIb. - IIPHHIJ, rJISlHYJI H3-no,o; nOJIy-
onym;eHHblX BeR Ha TapaCKY H OTBepHYJICSI.
- YJero, 'tIero OB CKa3aJI? - 3ameIITaJIH nHoHepbI .
- rOBOpHT, 'tITO rOBopHT, TOJIbKO, rOBopHT, IIJIOXO, - 1I0SlC-
HHJIa I03S1, KOTOPaSI ytIHJIa B mKOJIe <pP8HII;Y3CKHH Sl3b1K.
- HH'tIero ce6e nJIOxo, C XO,ll;Y pemeT, - 3aMeTHJI C yBame-
HHeM TapaCKa.
IIpHHIJ, B,lI;pyr BCKHHYJI rJIa3a H npOCHTeJlbHO 06BeJI HMH
pe6"T.
- A, y-3TO, no-pyccKy HeJIb3S1? - C Ha,ll;em.,lI;OH cnpOCHJI
OR. - .H IIOHHMalO BCe rOBopHTb IIO-PYCCKyl
CnepBa Bce 060MJIeJIH, a nOTOM TaKOH pa30M raJI,lI;em no-
meJI, ttTO XOTb H no-pyccKH roBOPHJIH, HO nOHSlTb, KTO npo 'tITO
TOJIKyeT, 6bIJIO HeB03MQ)KHO.
• KaKYtO Mblcnb aBTopa Tbl «npOYI-ITan Me>KAY CTPOK» B 3TOM
TeKcTe? KaK OHa CBSl3aHa C TeMoi1 YPOKa?
(Pp) 3. nOBTOpeHl-le npl-l3HaKOB TeKCTa • • n03HaKOMbCSI
C MaTepl-lanOM B paMKe. OH nOMO>KeT Te6e nOBTOpl-ITb npl-l-
3HaKI-I TeKCTa 1-1 Tl-lnbl peYI-I.
TeKCT - 3TO HeCKOJIbKO npe,ll;JIOmeHHH Ha onpe,ll;eJIeHHYIO
TeMY, CBSl3aHHbIX Mem,ll;Y C060H no CMbICJIY. B HeM pe8JIH3yeT-
CSI 3B.MblCeJI aBTopa - OCHOBHaSi MbICJIb. Ie TeKCTY MomHO IIO-
,lI;06paTb 3arOJIOBOK, KOTOPbIH IIepe,o;aeT ero TeMY HJIH OCHOB-
HYIO MbICJIb.
B TeKCTe BhI,o;eJISIeTCH HattaJIO (BcTynJIeHHe), OCHOBHaSl
Q8CTh H KOHIJ,OBKa (3aKJIIOQeHHe).
ECJIH B TeKCTe CO,ll;epmHTCSI C006m;eHHe 0 pa3BHTHH C06bI-
THH, TO T8KOH TeKCT H83b1BaeTCSI HOBeCTBOBaHHeM.
ECJIH B TeKCTe onHCblBaeTCH npe,ll;MeT lIJIH rrpe,ll;MeTbI B HX
OTHomeHHH ,lI;pyr K ,lI;pyry, TO TaKOH TeKCT H83bIB8eTCSI OHHca-
BHeM.
ECJIH B TeKCTe CO,ll;epmHTCSI CTporaSl nOCJIe,o;oBaTeJIbHOCTb
MbICJIeH, KOTopaH npHBO,ll;HT K BbIBO,ll;Y, TO TaKDH TeKCT H83bI-
B8eTCSI paccym.n;eHHeM .
IIoBeCTBOB8HHe, onHcaHHe, paccym,n;eHHe - :lTO THnbI pettH.
n"n.;.I• CocTaBb YCTHO He6011bwoi1 paccKa3nOBeCTBOBaHl-le) Ha 0AHY
1-13 npe,a,nO>KeHHbIX TeM:
1. nepBaSi BCTpeya C MOI-IM APyrOM.
2. KaK SI CTOI1KHYI1CSI C Heo6xOAI-IMOCTbtO 1-13yyaTb PYCCKI-li1 (I-IHO-
cTpaHHblH) Sl3blK.
3. BCTpeya C He3HaKOMbiM CI10BOM.
4. npOYI-ITaH TeKCTbl. 06paTI-I BHI-IMaHl-le Ha AaTbt Hanl-lCaHI-lSi Ka>K-
Aoro 1-13 HJ.1X.
PYCCKHH Sl3bIK
Bo ,lI;HH cOMHeHHii, BO ,lI;HH TSlrOCTHbIX pa3,l1;YMHH 0 cY,lI;b6ax
MoeH PO,ll;HHbI, - Tbl O,ll;HH MHe rrO,ll;,lI;epmK8 H OIlopa, 0 BeJIH-
KHH, Moryq1:lH, npaB,lI;HBbIH 1:1 CBo6o,ll;HhlH PYCCK1:IH H3bIK! He
6Y,ll;h Te6S1 - KaK He BnaCTb B OT'lIaHHHe npH BR,lI;e Bcero, 'liTO
COBepmaeTCH ,lI;OMa? Ho HeJIb3S! BepHTh, qT06bI TaROH Sl3bIK He
6bIJI liaR BeJIRKOMY Hapoilyl
(H.C. Typtel<eB, 1882 t.)
CJIOBO
MOJIttaT rp06HHIJ,b1, MYMHH H KOCTH, -
JIHIDb CJIOBY mH3Hb ,lI;8H8:
11:3 ApeBaeH TbMbI, aa MHPOBOM norOCTe*,
3ByqaT JIHillb IIHchMeH8.
Ii HeT Y Hac RHoro ,ll;OCTOHHbH*!
YMeHTe me 6epe'lb
XOTb B Mepy eRJI, B IIHR 3JIo6bI " cTPllllaRbH.
Hall lIap 6eecMepTRbIH - pe'lb.
(H.A Byl<uI<, 1915 2.)
6. ,) ,
MymecTBo
MbI 3HaeM, liTO RhIRe JIemHT Ha Becax
Ii liTO COBepmaeTCSI RhIRe.
'lJac Mym.eCTBa np06HJI aa HallHX qacax,
Ii MY)KeCTBO Hac He nORHHeT.
He CTpamHO DOA nYJISlMH MepTBbIMH JIell}"
He roPbKO OCT8.TbCSI 003 KpOBa, -
II M.hI coxpaHHM Te6.a:, pYCCK8a PH'1b,
BeJIHKOe PYCCKoe eJIOBO.
l ~.'
CBo60,lJ;HhIM H lIHCTbIM Te6S1 npOHeceM,
II BHYK8M ,u;a,n;HM, H OT TIJIeH8 cnaceM
HaBeKH!
(AA. AxMamoea, lj>eepaJtb 1942 •.)
• 3aMenm n~ Tbl, liTO Bee Tp'" np0J.13BeAeHI-iSi B "ieM-TO C03SY4-
bl APyr APyry? B '"IeM Io1MeHHO? nonblTailcSl 06bSlCHHTb • • npOi.iIo1-
ai:1 onpeAeneHHR, KOTopble HaXOASIT J..1.C. TypreHee, I-1.A. 6YHJ.1H
A.A. AXMaToea K cnoeaM PYCCKMH R3bIK, pyccKaR pe'l{b, pyc-
Ro e CJIOBO • • CpaBHIo1 HX. LiTO Tbl 3aMeTHn?
5. npOI..IJ.1TaH OTPblBOK 1013 KHHnt H.B. roroml «MepTBble AYWIo1».
CepAneBe,neHHeM Ii MYAPhlM n03HaHHeM JKRaHn oT30BeTc~
JIOBO 6pHTRHn;a; JIerKHM IJJ;erOJIeM 6JIeCHeT H paaJIeTHTC.f[2
[eAOJIroBeQHOe CJIOBO q,paHn;yaa; a8TeHJIHBO npH.ll;YMaeT CBoe,
le BCHKOMY ,zr;OCTYIIHoe, YMHO-Xy,zr;OIJJ;aBoe CJIOBO HeMen;; BO BeT
:JIOBa, KOTopoe 6hIJIO 6bI TaK aaMamHCTO, 60HKO, TaK BbIpBa-
lOCb 6bI Ha-no,zr; caMOro cep,zr;n;a, TaK 6hI KHneJIO H »CHBOTperre-
'MO, K8.K MeTKO CKa3aHHOe pYCCKoe CJIOBO.
• np04HTaH, KaKHe SlpKHe onpeAeneHHSI, 06pa3bl Hawen
'i.B. roronb, rOBOpSi 0 cBoeo6pa3HH aHrflHHCKOro, CPpaH4Y3CKO-
'0, HeMeLJ,KOro, pYCCKoro Sl3b1Ka.
~ 6. nOAroToBb yeTHblH OTBeT Ha Bonpoc, Hy>KHO m1 4enOBe-
, Ky H3Y"laTb eBoH POAHOH Sl3bIK. ,UnA nOATBep>KAeHHSI eSOHX
I MbleneH MO>KeWb Hcnonb30saTb LV1TaTbl 1013 TeKCTOB, npO"lHTaH-
HblX Ha ypOKe.
•
cnOBO B Sl3blKE H PE'4H
nOBTopeHHe H yrny6neHHe Kypca Ha'fanbHOH WKOnbl
t. CnOBO H ErO 3BYKOBAH 060nO'IKA
§ 1. 3BYKH A3b1Ka. rnaCHble H cornaCHble 3ByKH
7. 3aMeHH S enose [COH] nepsblH 3ByK, 3aTeM BTOPOH 3SyK,
3aTeM TpeTHH 3BYK. MeHSIeTeA nH CMblen enoBa?
8. Y6epH 1013 AaHHblX enos no OAHOMY 3SyKy. KaKHe enosa
nonY"'HnHeb? • nO"leMY H3MeHHnCR eMblen enos?
BCJIaCTb, ropCTb, IIOJIK, CKJIOH•
9. A06asb OAHH 3SYK K AaHHblM enoaaM. liTO npOH30wno C
neKCH4eeKHM 3Ha"leHHeM enos?
KJla.n, oca, pal<, yKyC, /lap, map.
• KaKOH SblSOA Tbl MO>KeWb CAenaTb noene SbinonHeHHSI yn-
pa>KHeHHH 7-9? • npo4HTaa:1 TeKeT S paMKe. nOKa>KH Ha "PH-
Mepax 1013 ynpa>KHeHHA, "'TO 3SyKH nOMOraK>T pa3nH"IaTb enosa.
7. i
I
3eyK"" B pe"'tJ1 n03BOnJnOT pa3nlo1'"1aTb CMblcn enOB. B Sl3bl,Ke 3SY-
KH coeAHHSHOTCSI 8 C....CTeMy, KOTOpyto Ha3blsatOT ct»oHeTHKoH.
Pa3.Aen Jl3blK03HaHHSI, KOTOPbli1 3aHHMaeTCSI H3y...eHHeM 3BYKOB
Sl3b1Ka, TO>Ke Ha3blSaeTCJI 4»oHeTHKOH (OT rpe4. cnosa
«q,OHe» - 3BYK).
10. npOH3Hec .... cnOBa. KaKlo1e rnaCHble 3eyK'" Tbl cnblWIooIWb
nOA YAapeHHeM 101 B 6e3YAapHoM nono>t<eHHH B KopHe cnoaa?
• 3anJ1wl1 TpaHCKpHnLJ,Hto rnaCHblX 3SYKOB 8 KopHe enosa.
Q6pa3eu 3an",": '[O]M - ,[alMa.
Ber - 6emaTb, 6e,lJ;HblH - 6e)J;HSlR, 6HHT - 6HHTOB8Th,
B8JIbe - BaJIbCHPOB8Th,
1Y6 - ly6L1.
BoceMb - BoebMH, ,lI;blM - ,lI;blMHTb,
•
TpaHcKpHn n;HSI
TPSHCKPH6HPOB8 Th
11. npO"tHTaH nOCnOBHLJ,bl 101 noroaopKH. • Ha~ cnoaa C MStrKHM
cornaCHblM 3aYKoM Ha KOHLJ,e. nOA6epH K HHM napy C TaepAblM
cornaCHblM . • 3anHwH cnoaa no 06pa3LJ,y,
Q6pa3eu 3amtCIo1: yronb - yron [n'-n].
BbIJIb - He CR8aKS: Ha Bee CJIOBO He BbIKHHeWb.
BeCh K8K eCTb, C HRtIHHKOH H nOTpOXaMH*.
EJIb pO.D;HT mHmKH.
KOHb 6emHT, aeMJlJI ,lI;pOmHT.
• HaHAH H Ha30SH cnosa, Ha"tHHalOL4HeCSl co 3BOHKHX cornaCHblX
3ByKOS, nOA6epH K 3THM 3BYKaM napHble rnyxHe.
12. npO"tHTa~ CTlo1xoTBopeHHe C.st MapwaKa. 0 KaKHX oco6eH-
"IOCTJlX rnaCHblX H cornaCHblX 3aYKoB OH nHweT? TonbKO 11101 0 cpo-
"IeTH"tecKoH Cy~HOCTH 3aYKoa 3AeCb HAeT pe"tb? 4TO 3Ha"tHT a
10HHMaHHH aaTopa «npoAblwaTb cTHxoTaopeHbe»? J..1MeeT 11101
:THxoTBOpeHJ.1e n03Ta STOPOH, rny6J.1HHblH cMblcn? nOcTapaHcSl
:>acKpblTb ero. KaKlo1e cnoaa HMetoT HHOCKa3aTenbHoe 3Ha"teHHe?
• BblnHWH cnoaa, Ha"tHHalO~HecSl co 3SOHKoro cornaCHoro 3syKa,
1oA6epH K HeMY napHblH rnyxoH . • KaKHe 3ayKH OKa3amfCb 6e3
1apbll
-
Q6pa3eu .an",": AblXaH"e [A] - [T].
,r(hIXaHHe cBo60,lJ;HO B Kam.n;OM rJI8CHOM,
B corJI8CHblX - npepblBaeTCH aa MHr.
Ii TQJIbKO TOT rapMOHHH AOCTHr,
KOMY qepe.n;OBaHbe ex nO,l1;BJIaCTHO.
3BYQaT B corJIaCHblX cepe6po H Melb.
A rJIaCHbIe ,o;8HbI Te6e ,lJ;JUI neRhH.
M C'lIaCTJIHB 6Y)l;b, KOJIb MOntemb Thl nponeTb
Hnb .n;ame npOAhImaTb CTHXOTBopeHbe.
13. PaccMoTpH Ta6nHLJ,Y. Ha KaKHe rpynnbl AemnCSt 3ayKH
St3b1Ka? • 3anonHH Ta6nHLJ,y npHMepaMH.
3eYKH A3blKa
rJI8CHbIe CorJI8CHble
Y,ll8pHble 6e3Y,llapHble rJIyxHe 3BOHKHe TBE!p,llble M.RI'KHe
• C onopoH Ha Ta6nHLJ,y COCTaSb YCTHblH paccKa3 0 3BYKax
fl3blKa.
14. npO"tHTaH TeKCT. 1-13 CK011bKHX "taCTeH OH COCTOHT? no-
CTaSb K Ka>KAO~ "taCTH sonpoc. 3anlo1WH aonpOCbl B Ka"teCTBe
nyHKToa nnaHa.
CJIOBO COCTOHT H3 3ByKOB. 3TH 3ByKH 06pa3yIOT ero 3BY-
KOByro o6oJlO'IKY.
3By-KH H3blKa ,lI;eJIHTCH HS l'Jl8CHbIe H COl'Jl8CHble.
rJIaCHble 3BYKH 6L1BaIOT YllapHLlMH H 6e3YlIspHLlMH. IIOII
YllspeHHeM B PYCCKOM H3L1Ke BCTpeqalOTCH rJIaCHLle: [a]. [0].
[Y]. [3]. [H]. [LI].
COl'JI8CHbIe 3BYKH XSpaKTepHaYlOTCH no TBeP,lI;OCTH-MSll'KO-
CTH H 3BOHKOCTH-l'JIYXOCTH. OHH MOl'YT 06p8aOBbIB8Tb naphI
8. no TBepllocTH-MRrKocTH: [6]-[6'], [B]- [B'], [r]-[r'], [11]- [11'],
[a]-[a'], [K]-[K'], [JI]-[JI'], [M]- [M'], [H]- [H'], [n]-[n'],
[p]-[p'], [c]-[c'], [T]-[T'], [1jJ]-[IjJ'], [xl-Ix']; no aBOHKOCTH-
rJIYXOCTH: [6]- [n], [6']- [n'], [B]-[IjJ], [B']- [IjJ'], [r]-[K],
[r']-[K'], [II]-[T], [II']-[T'], [a]- [c], [a']- [c'].
He o6paaylOT nap lID TBep,lI;OCTH-MSlI'KOCTH TBep,lI;hIe [m),
[m]. [11] H MRrKHe ['I'], [lI'], [H'].
He 06paaYIOT nap no 3BOHKOCTH-I'JIYXOCTH I'JIyxHe [x)- [x'),
[11], ['I'], [lI'] H aBOHKHe [JI]-[JI'], [M]- [M'], [H]-[H'], [p]- [p'],
[H'].
• LITO HOBoro Tbl Y3Han 0 3SYKax Sl3blKa, np0I.I~1TaS 3TOT TeKCT?
• nepeCKamM TeKCT no nnaHy.
15. npOI.IMTaJ:1 TeKeT. KaKoe OTKpblTMe S HaYKe 0
PYCCKOM Sl3blKe CAenan B.K . TpeAMaKoscKMI1?
HayqHoe HCCJIe,ll;OB8.HHe PYCCKOro npoH3Home-
HHSI HaqaJI n03T H yqeHhIH BaCHJIHH KHPHJIJIO-
BH'I TpellHaKOBCKHH (1703-1769). B 1748 roilY
OH H3,l1;aJI KHHry {( Pa3roBop poccHiicKoro qeJIOBe-
Ka c qymecTpaHu;eM• •• ». (ha KHHra, ,lI;OCTynHO
HaTIHCaHHaH B q)QpMe pa3roBopa pyccKoro qeJIO-
BeKR C HHOCTpaHIJ,eM, 6hIJIa paCCQHTaHa He aa
CneU;HaJIHCTOB, a Ha {(npOCTbIX JIIO,lI;eii ••
¢OHeTHqeCKHe Ha6JIIO,lI;eHHSI Tpe,ll;H8KOBCKoro 6hIJIH 6JIec-
THID;H no TOqHOCTH H npOHHIJ,8.TeJIbHOCTH . ¥qeHhIH BIIepBhIe
,z:r;aeT HayqHylO KJIaCCH<pHKau;HIO 3BYKOB, ,lI;eJIHT HX aa rJIaCHhIe
H COrJIaCHhIe, a corJIaCHhIe - Ha TpH rpyrrIIhI: MHrKHe, TBep,ll;hIe
If Cpe,lJ;HHe. OB HaCTOiiqHBO pa3rpa HHqHBaeT 6YKBY Ii 3BYK
({(3BOH») Ii yrrpeKaeT cTapylO rpaMMaTHKY B TOM, qTO OHa «Ha-
6JIIO,lI;aeT TOKMO 6YKBhI, a He 3BOHhI, Ha6JIIO,lI;aeT OHa TOKMO
TeHb, a ,z:r;o Bem;H eii ,n;eJI8 aeT!". HacKoJIbKO TPY,AHO 3TO 6b1JIO
B TO BpeMH, rOBopHT XOTH 6hI TO, 'tJTO B KOHIJ,e XIX BeKa MHO-
rHe mKOJIbHhIe yqe6HHKH rpaMMaTHKH Ii ,lI;ame HaytIHhIe Tpy-
,lJ;hI He IIO,lJ;HHJIHCb ,n;o Toro ypOBHH, Ha KOTOPOM CTOHJI
B.K. TpellHaKOBCKHH B cepellHHe XVIII BeKa.
(IIo M .B. IIaltoBY)
-
16. npO"'tHTai1 CTHxoTBOpeHl1e A.A. <l>era. BCnOMHH, LiTO ra-
t(oe T04Hble pHcpMbl. KaKJ.1e pHcpMbl B CTHXOTBOpeHIo1H SlBIlHtOT-
CSI TOI.IHbIMH? • AOKa>KJ.1, "'4TO pHcpMa SHCRT - HapSIA HBnSlercS!
TO"tHOa1 • • HaHAH B reKcre cnosa B nepeHOCHOM 3Ha'-teHI-1H.
IIe'tlaJIbHaH 6epeaa
Y Moero OKHa,
II npHXOTb!O* Mopoaa
Paay6paHa OHa.
RaK rpOa,ll;bH BHHorpa.n;a,
BeTBeH KOHD;b1 BReST, -
iii p8,l1;OCTeH )1;JUI BarJUI.n;a
BeCb TpaypHhIiP aapH,lJ;.
JII06JIIO Hrpy .n;eHHHIJ,bI*
.H. 38.MeQaTh Ha HeM,
II .maJIb MHe, eCJIH IITHD;bl3
CTPRXHYT Kpacy BeTBeH.
• BblmtWH HMeHa cyw,ecTBHTenbHble. 0603Ha4b B HHX opcpo-
rpaMMy-6e3YAapHYto rnaCHYto 8 KopHe cnoaa, nposepSieMYto
YAapeHHeM • • HanHWH rpaHcKpHnu,HtO 6e3YAapHbiX rnaCHblX 3Sy-
KOD B KopHe 3THX enOB HaA 6YKsaMJ.1, I-tX 0603Ha4atoUJ,HMJ.1 .
K JIlO'IeBhIe CJIOBa TeMhl:
B3bIK
3BYKH
rJI8CHhIe
COrJIaCHbJe
CMblCJI
TpaHCKpHnu,lHI
§ 2. 3BYK H 6YKBa. ABoHHali ponb 6YKB e, e, to, •
17. npOI.IHTaJ:1 cnosa .
BoahI, Boa, B03HTb.
,D;BOP, ,lI;BOphI. Hoc, ROChl.
JIe6ellb, JIe6ellKa, JIe6ellymKa.
• KaKHe 3ayKH 0603Hal.latOT Ha nHCbMe 6YKSbi 3, 0, A?
3anHwH 3TH 3SyKH a TpaHCKpJ.1nu,J.1M • • BcerAa nM 6YKsa
0603Ha"taeT OAJ.1H J.1 TOT me 3aYK?
9. 18. npOliHTaH cnOBa.
ITJIhITL, CHHb, COJIb, BCT8Bh, 6pOCb.
~ 0603HaLfaer nJ-l 3BYK 6YKBa ..? KaKoH cornacHblH 3BYK 060-
3Ha"taer 6YKBa, CTOSl~aSl nepeA HHM? 3anHwH era 8 TpaHCKp",nUJo1H.
AnSI '"Iero cny>KHT II» B AaHHblX cnYLiaSlX?
19. np04HTa~ cnOBa.
C'beJI, MypaBLH, no,rt"bex8.JI, IIbeC8, OT'be3,rt.
• 0603Hal.falOT nH 6YKBbi b H ... 3ByKH Ha nHcbMe? AnSI I.fero
cnY>KaT b H ... B AaHHblX cnY4aSlx?
20. np04HTaH CJlOBa.
B eJlbI'H , 6IOP O, BSlJIhlH , BbIOH, B'be3,ll; , eprn , eJIb , eM , Me,rt ,
MSlTL, HeC, Mepa, JI1060Bb, aaex aTb, IIOIOT, 0 6 'bSlBJIeHHSI, HA,
IOMOp.
• B neBblH cTon6HK BblnHWH cnOBa, B KOTOPblX 6YKBbi e, e, 10, ,.
0603Ha4alOT ABa 3syKa, 8 npaBblH - CJlOBa, B KOTOPblX 3TH 6YKBbi
0603Ha4alOT OAHH 3BYK. • CcpOPMYJlHPYH BbIBOA.
BYKBbl e, e, 10, .H B H8q8JIe eJIQsa, nOCJIe rJI8CHOH Ii OOCJIe
pa3.ZJ;eJIHTeJIbHblX 'L II h 0603HaQruoT no ,lJ;B8 3BYJ(a [ ft' a] , [ft'o],
[H'Y], [H'8].
BYKBbl e, e, 10, H nOCJIe COrJIaCHOH 0603HaQaroT OJJ;HH rJI8C-
HhIH 3BYK [a], [0], [Y], [a] H M"rKOCT" Dpe,llhI~ero COrJI8C-
Boro.
21. OnpeAeJlIo1 Konlo14eCTBO 3BYKOS 101 6YKB B cnoaax: ceMbH,
ceMH, C"beJI, ceJI, HMa, npHMo, nOJIblO, npOnOJIIO, T~H, lllbeT.
I
22. Te6e npeACTOHT np04101TaTb TeKCT 0 6YKsax pyccKoro
Sl3b1Ka. 0 4eM, nO-TBoeMY, B HeM 6YAeT rOBopHTbCSI? • nOCIle
4TeHHR conOCTaSb caOH npeAnOIlO>KeHHR C cOAep>t<aHHeM TeK-
CTa • • AononHIo1 TeKCT caOHMH nplo1MepaMH• • 03arnaBb H nepe-
CKa>K101 TeKCT.
-
BYKBhl CJIy.m8T ,lJ;JIJI 0603HaQeHHH 3BYKOB pelJH aa I1HCbMe.
Pa3,lJ;eJI HayKH 0 H3b1Re, B KOTOPOM H3YQaeTCSl 0603HaQe_
BHe 3SYKOB U8 IlHCbMe, H83h1SaeTCH rpacIJHKoii (OT zpell.
.rpa<!>o. - DHDIY). -
BYRBhI B PYCCKOM Sl3bUte MoryT 0603HaQaTb JIH60 O,ll;HH
3syK, JIH60 HeCKOJIbKO. HarrpHMep, 6YKS8 6 MomeT 0603H8-
'laTh 3BYKH [6], [6'], [D], [D']: 6awHR [6], 6eper [6'], cyrp06 [n],
rony6b [n']. BYRBbl e, e, 10, JI MoryT 0603aallaTb JIH60 OAHB,
JIH60 ,lIBa 3BYKa: MeJI" [a]. eJIb [H'a]. BYKBhI ... H h He 0603H8-
lIaIOT 3BYROB aa nHCbMe.
BYRBhI, pacnOJIOmeHHhIe B onpeAeJIeHHOH nOCJIeAOBaTeJIb-
HOCTH, COCT8BJISIIOT aJItIlaBHT, HJIH aa6YRY. B PYCCKOM 8.JI<I>a-
BHTe 33 6YKBhI: 10 6YKB - ,lIJI" 0603Ha'leHHH rJIaCHhIX 3BYKOB,
21 6YKBa - ,ll;JlSl 0603HalleHHSI COrJIaCHhIX 3BYKOB, L H 'L 3By-KOB
He 060aHallalOT.
A B B r ~ E ~ jK 3 If ~ K
a 6. •• 1'3 A' e e >K3 3' K H Kp8TKoe K8
JI M H 0 II P C T Y <l> X ~ 'I
aJIL ,M '8 0 n. .p 3C T, Y :><> xa U' qe
ill III; ... hI b 3 10 H
IDa IU" TBepALlH bI MHrKHii:
• IO H
3H8K 3HaJ<
23. np04HTaH 101 nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT. HaHAIo1 101 np04101TaH npeArle-
>KeHlo1e, 8blpa>KalO~ee rnaBHYIO Mblcnb TeKCTa.
OT AOCKH AO AOCKH
3T0 BhIpruKeBHe CBH38.H0 C KHHroA. Y CT8pbIX KHHr t nepe-
IIJIeThI 6hIJIH MaCCHBHhIe. Hx AeJI8.JIH H3 n;eJIoro KYCK8 ,I1;epeBa
H 06TSlrHB8JIH KomeH. KHHrH HMeJIH 60JIbmyIO IeHBocTh,
IIOCJIe lITeHH.f.[ HX 3RnHpaJIH H a a8cTemKH.
IIpollHTaTb BCro K B Ury OT H8lIaJI8 .0;0 K OHn;a - 3HallHT npo-
lIHT8Th OT ,I1;OCKH ,11;0 ,I1;OCKH; OT KOPKH AO KOpKH.
(B.B. BOAuI<a)
• Ha~ 80 2-M a63au,e Io1MeHa cy~ecTBIo1TeJlbHble; nOCTaBb HX B
q,OpMY f.1.n. eA. 4. 101 3anlo1W~ s. an;>aBIo1THOM nopSiAKe.
.. I i ,:::::VL_;C:
10. 24. npOl.iI,nai:1 npeAllO>KeHHSI, HaHAH H Bbrnl-tWJ1 cnoaa c 6YKBa~
10101 It J.1 .... OnpeAenH, Atul '"Iera Hcnollb3YlOTCSI .. J.1 ... B cnoaax.
, 0603Ha"ib opq:,orpaMMbl: pa3AellHTel1bHbie It H 'II, ynoTpe6ne-
tHe It AllJl 0603Ha""leHHJI MJlrKOCTI1 cornaCHblX.
1. y JIYKOMOPhSl ~y6 aeJIeHhlH, 3JI8TaH n;enb l aa ~6e TOM.
2. OnacHO pa3'bea,mSTb no CBeTY•••
3. II TpHIIlaTlo BHTJl3en rrpeKpacHhlx "pelion H3 BOil BhlXO-
VIT HCHbIX, H C HHMH ,AH,zr;bK8 HX MOpCKOH.
4. CqaCTJIHBhIM nOJlb3YSlCb MrHOBeHbeM, K 06'bHTOH rOJIOBe
!M)1IIl;eHbeM, K8..K JIcTpe6, 60raThIpb JIeTHT.
5. C BOCTORa JTheTCSI HQ't{H TeHh' •• •
(A.e. IIywICuliJ
25. np041HaH npo ce6S1, a 3aTeM Benyx eTHxoTsopeHHe
~.A. npOKocpbesa. C nOMOwptO KaKHX 3BYKOS nOll e03AaeT sne-
jaTneHHe nepeKaTblBatOw,HXCft BonH? • Bbl6epH H BblnHWH B ABa
:Ton6HKa cnOBa: 1) C 6YKBaMH e, e, 10, ., 0603Ha'iatow,HMH OAHH
lByK; 2) C 3THMH me 6YKsaMH, 0603Ha'iatow,HMH ABa 3ByKa. Pac-
lonaraH cnOBa B ancpasHTHoM nopSiAKe.
BOJIHa, BOHHa - Bce 3BYKH BJUUKHbl,
,D;a H CJIHJmCh B OAHH pa3Max.
.H npoH3Hec ceHlIac HX ABam,o;LI
II OIIYTHJI HX Ha ry6axI
.H npoH3Hec HX CHOBa. BCKope
Ko MHe npHIDJlH H3,o;MeRa
BOJIHeRhe peR, ,lJ;LIXaHhe MOPH
If KOJIOKOJIhllHK pyqeHR8.
IIOBCIOA)' BOJIHLI, BOJIHbI, BOJIHLI,
BeJIHROH DJIarH BellRLIH nyTh.
TaKOB "3hIKI
Ii TpeneT nOJIHLIH
MOIO OXBaThIBReT rpYllb 'l
-
26. npO"iHTai:1 H nepeCKa>KJ.1 TeKel. HaHAH npE!Al10>KeHHe, Bbt-
pa>KatOU4ee rnasHYto MblCIlb TeKeTa.
KpacH8S1 CTpOK8
KHHI'H aa PYCH Haq JIB neqaTaTb aeMHOI'HM 60JIee qeThI-
pex B_KOB' Haa8.,ll;, a 11.0 3Toro HX rrepenHCblBaJIH
2 OT pyKH.
CaSQaJI8 TeKCT II_caneH CnJIOIDh ' , He pa3,o;_JIHJICH Ha
CJI_Ba H rrpe,a;JIOmeHHSI. Hal.l8JIo n_BecTBoBaHHSI JI_TOnHCe~
OTKPhIB8JI 6_JI_IDOH KpacHoH, 3aMhICJIOBaTO pa3pHcoBaHHoH
6YKBOH, KOTopaSi BhInHChIB8JIaCh C He6_JI_IDHM oTcTynoM OT
JIeBOrO KpaSi CTP_HHlJ,hI. TaKHe 6YKBhI HHor,o;a H Teneph BbI
BH,lLTe B RHHrax. KpacHaH 6YKBa H A_JIa .>KH3H_ Bblpame-
HHIO • UHcaTh C KpacHoH CTP_KH *.
(BB. BOAuliaJ
• CnHwH, BCTaSnSlft nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl. • 0603Ha'ib opcpo-
rpaMMbl Ha MecTe nponYCKOB. • Bo 2-M npeAllo>t<eHHH BblAenH rpaM-
MaTH'ieCKYtO oCHoay, rpacpHl.jecKH 06bftCHH nOCTaHOSKY 3anSlTb1X.
3BYK
3SYKonHCb
Kmoq eBble CJlOBa TeMLI:
0603H8l.JeHHe
6YKB8
§ 3. 3BYK H cnor
rpa<l""'·
8JI(PRBHT
27. np0l.jHTaH TeKeT. KaK Tbl AYMaewb, 3a'ieM Hy>KHO YMeTb
AenHTb cnosa Ha cnorH 8 YCTHOH H nHCbMeHHOH pe'tH?
TLI nepenJILIJI pellKy, a TBOH TosapHm; OCTMeH Ha TOM
6epery. Thl KpH'IHmb eMY: .IIe-TJlI IIJIhI-BH eIO-lIa!.
fuR ThI 3BOHHIDb no TeJIe<PoHY H, lIT06hI JIytlme paCCJIhlill8-
JlH TBOIO cpaMHJlHlO, Me,lJ;JleHHO H rpOMKO AHRTyemh: .nY-3hI-
peB••
B 060HX CJIyqaHx ThI pa3,o;eJIHJl CJIOB8 Ha CJIOrH. B 06hNHOH
Hameii pellH CJIOI'H TeCHO CuenJIeHhI APyr C ,1J;pyroM, HO BOT
D03HHKaeT He06xo,o;HMOCTh npoH3HecTH CJIOBO HJIH HecKOJIhKO
CJIOB rpOMKO H OTlIeTJIHBO, H Tor,o;a C~enJleHHe OCJIa6eBaeT,
CJIOBO pacnfl,ll;aeTCH Ha CJIOrH, pa3AeJIeHHble naY38MH.
(H3 «ih-lquKJl.oneoultecKo2o CJl.08apH IOHOZO r/JUJI,oJl,oza»
•
3BOHHTb
•
3BOHHT
•
3BOHHT
11. • HaHp,101 S TeKCTe cnosa C Halo1MeHbWIo1M 101 Halo160nbWIo1M KOnW.te-
CTSOM cnoros. Bblnlo1WIo1 Io1X, pa3Aemifi Ha cnorlo1.
28. npOl.llo1TaH 101 nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT, ccpopMynlo1pYH YCTHO Hnlo1
nlo1CbMeHHO ero rnasHYtO Mblcnb.
B ipeBHocTH nHCMH Ha nanHpyce. IIanHpyc pacTeT no 6e.
perllM peR H Ha OoJIOTax, HM BOIIOH nOiHHM8RlTCH H3HIIHhIe*
TpeXI'paHHhIe cTe6JIH TOJI~HHOH B PYltY H BhICOTOH ,lI;0 TpeX
MeTpOB. H8 BepxymKe cTe6JUI rryqOK ,lI;JIHHHhIX H TOHKHX KO-
JIOCbeB, HsnOMHH81OlIl;HX napHK*, H BCe paCTeHHe KameTCH
rpao;H03HbIM* H CTPOHHhIM C03,l1;8HHeM, 3~YM'IHBO nOK8l1RBa-
lO~HM I'OJIOBOH.
(A.Il. Ka:JICaan)
• Bblnlo1WIo1 sblAeneHHble Io1MeHa CYU4eCTslo1TenbHble S Ha"ianbHOH
cpopMe, 1013MeHIo1 Io1X no naAe>KaM, nOCTaSb YAapeHlo1e . KaK 1013Me-
Hlo1nOCb MeCTO YAapeHIo1f1? • CAenaH SbtSOA.
29. npOl.llo1TaH Yl.le6Ho-HaY"iHbIH TeKCT B paMKe• • 03arnasb
ero . J.13 CKonbKIo1X "iaeTeH OH COCTOIo1T? nOcTasb Bonpoc K Ka>K-
AOH l.IaCTIo1. 3anlo1wIo1 sonpoebl. ,QononHIo1 TeKCT CSOIo1MIo1 nplo1Me-
paMIo1 • • nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT, Io1cnonb3YfI sonpocbl.
CJIOBa ,lI;eJISlTCSI Ha CJlOrH.
enor MO}KeT COCTOSlTb 113 Q,ZI;Horo 3BYKa, H3 ,lI;ByX H 60nee.
B COCT8B CJIora B PYCCKOM H3hIKe 06R38TeJIbHO BXO,ll;HT I'JIac-
HhIH 3Byt(.
CJIoru 6hIB8RlT YilapHh,e H 6e3YllapHhIe.
Y,z:t;apeHHe - 3TO npOH3HomeHHe 0ABoro H3 CJIOI'OB C 60JIb-
meH CHJIOH. Y,n;apeHHe B PYCCKOM R3hIKe MO)KeT nMaTb Ba
JI1060H cJIor, OHO MomeT nepeMew;aTbcH C o,n;Horo Ha ,n;pyrOH
Cnor npH H3MeaeHHH CJIOBa.
30. npeAllO>KeHHble nepeHocbl cnos Henpaslo1nbHbt. ,QoKa>K101
3TO, Io1cnonb3Y" npaslo1na nepeHoca cnos.
'/ / I ~"= I~-. t 18 ...J 6~JIbIII!iS! I~ " 60JIbmasr .
~
C-6emaTh, MHOrOJI-HKHH, 6e3,n;-oMHhIH, C-'LeX8Tb,
BAP-yr, CTP8HH-bIH, C6-pOCHTb.
IIpaBHJIa nepeHoca CJIOB
1. ECJIR OCHOBa CJIOB8 COCTOHT He TOJIbKO 113 KopeH, Ta-
KHe CJIOBS Hy.mHO nepeHOCHTb, He pa36HB8H 'tI8CTH CJlOB8.
IIpd·~-rca, 6iei:U-JluBb/U.
3TO npaBHJIO He OTBOCHTCH K CJIOB8M, Y KOTOPblX KopeRh
Ha'!HHaeTCS! C 6YKBbl hi. PO-3bLZPbLLU (HeJIb3S! P03-bLZpbLLU).
2. ECJIH CJIOBO COCTOHT 113 KOpHR H OKOlN8HHR, ero HymHO
nepeHOCHTb no CJIOraM. Be-pe-3a. IIpH CTeqeHHH COrJI8CHhIX
MO)KeT 6blTb HeCKOJIhKO B8PH8HTOB nepeBOC8. Ce-cmpa,
eee-mpa, eeem-pa.
3. C 6YKB L, "L, ii He MO)KeT HaQHH8TbCSI ROBaR CTpOK8•
K01-Lb-KU. om'O-e3a, Mau-1Ca.
4. HeJlb3S1 OCT8BJUITb Ha cTpoKe HJIH nepeBocHTb o,n;ay
6YKBY. A1<mU6-nO, ap-MUJl (HeJIb3H a-1<mU6nO, apMU-Jl).
5. .lBe OIlHHaKOBhIe 6YKBhI pa36HBalOTcSI nepeHOCOM.
Mac-ca, 8aH.-HaR. 9TO np8BHJIO He OTHOCHTCSI K H8l18.JIbHblM
ABOHHhIM COrJIaCRblM KOpHR. Cco-pa, nO-CCOpUJl.UCb (aeJIb3R
e-copa, nOC-COpUJlUCb).
nOAYMaH, "ieM OTnlo11.1atOTCfI APyr OT APyra 3aKOHbi fl3btKa 101
npaslo1na nlo1CbMa.
r)O"ieMY He06xOAIo1MO 3HaTb npaslo1na nepeHoca enos?
31. npOl.llo1TaH 101 nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT. LITO 3TO, nO-TsoeMY: onH-
eaHlo1e Io1nlo1 noseCTsosaHlo1e? • KaKlo1e eU4e nlo1Cl.llo1e MaTeplo1anbl
Io1Cn0I1b30sanlo1Cb S ApesHOCTIo1?
IIHCQHM M8TepH8JIOM, ynoTpe6JlHBmHMCSI B ,n;peBHOCTH,
6hIJI8 Koma.
MbI He 3HaeM, Kor,ll;a HMeHHO H3 KO.mH CT8JIH H3rOTOBJISITb
nepraMea*. COXP8HHJIOCh npe,n;8HHe, 'IlTO ero HayqHJIHCb .u;e-
JI8Th B M8JI083HHCKOM ropo,n;e IIepr8..Me.
Ha PYCR HanHC8HHble a8 nepr8MeHe rp8MOThl B83hIB8JIHCh
Hepe,n;KO • KO)K8MH. lInH • TenHTHHaMH ••
19
12. • Bblm1wI1 CHa"iana ABycnO>KHble cnosa C YAapeHHeM Ha nepSOM
:nore, a 3aTeM C YAapeHHeM Ha BTOPOM cnore. • BblnHWH cnosa
: 60nbWJ.1M K01U1'"1eCTBOM enorOB, pa3Aemt HX Ha C110nt H AJlSl
1epeHoca.
IIop,liJoIC tjJonemu'tecICozo pa3(iopa
1. PS3..n;eJIHTb CJIOBO aa eJIOl'lI.
2. 3anHc8Th CJI0BO B TPaHCKPHUD;HH, nOCTaBHTb y,.n:apeHHe.
3. OxapaKTepH30BaTh 3BYKH no nopHIlKY. .D:JIH rJIaCHblX
VK8aaTb, Y,z:{apHhle 3BYKH HJIH 6eay,n;apHhIe, K8.KHMH 6YXBB.MH
)603HaQeHhI. ,ll;JISI COI'JIaCHhlX YK8a8Tb, 3BOHKHe BJIH r.nyxHe
:napHhle HJIH HenapHhIe), TBep,n;hIe HJIH MHI'Kue (rrapHhIe HJIH
:lenapHhIe); KaKHMH 6YKBaMH 0603HaQeHhl.
~
4. YKa3aTb KOJIH'IeCTBO 3BYKOB H 6YKB.
06pa3el{ tjJonemu'tecICozo pa360pa
Mapo3, MO-p03, 2 eJIOl'a.
[Mapac]
M - [M] - COI'JIaCHhIH, 3BOHKHH, HenapHbIHj TBep~blH, napHhIHj
o - [a] - rJIacHhIii, 6eaYiapHblii;
p - [p] - COI'JI8CBhIH, 3BOHKHH, HenapHLdij TBep,lJ;hIH, napHhIii;
0- [0] - I'JIaCBbIH, y.o;apHhIH;
3 - [el - COrJIaCHhIH, rJIYXOH, napBLIH; TBep)l;hIH, napHhIH.
5 6YKB, 5 3BYKOB
E~ npOYHTaH orpblBoK 1013 CTHXOTBOpeHHJI M.te. I1epMoH-
Tosa. KaKHe 3BYKH nOMOratoT 3pHMO npeAcraBHTb KapTHHY,
HapHcoBaHHYto TBOpyeCKHM Boo6pa>KeHHeM n03Ta?
PyCaJIK8 n JIblJIa no p_Ke r _JIy6oii,
0 3apHeMa nOJIHOH JIYHOH;
H CTapaJIaCb aHa ,n;onJI_ CHYTb ,n;o JIYUhIJ
Cep_6pHCTYIO' neay' B_JIHbI.
• CnHWH, SCTaSnJlJl nponYU4eHHble 6YKBbl, nOAyepKHH H3yyeH-
Ible opcporpaMMbl • • BblnHWH HMeHa npHnaraTenbHble, pa3AenH
IX Ha cnorH.
KJlIOQeBLle CJlOBS TeMbl:
aBYK YllapeHne
CJ10r npaBl1n8 nepeHoca cnOB
-
§ 4. OpcjlorpBMMB. Ono3HBBBTem.HbIH npH3HBK
opcjlorpBMMbl. YcnoBHSI Bbl60pa opcjlorpBMMbl
33. npOYHTaii TeKCT. KaK Tbl AYMaewb, nOyeMY I1l<1d~HOK no
np03BHU4Y .ntOABHr YeTblpH~Tblii He nOHJlI1 C80ero CTapwe-
ro 6paTa? YeMY npHAthcSI YYHTb I1tOASHra?
JIHcHTa BblUIMblrHYJIH H3 HOpbl.
- BOT aTO rpHo, - 3aSlBHJI JIa6aR, nOKa3blBaa JIanKOR aa
60JIbUIYIO KpacHByro IIIJIHnKY.
- I]lHnn? MeHH He 06MaHeIIIb, - paCCMeHJICH JIIOIIBHr 'Ie-
ThlpH8.A~aTblH. - Tbt XOqemh CKa3aTb, qTO ecJIH ee C'beCTb, 3TY
lliJIHnKY1 TO Momao 3a6oJIeTb?.
- Tbl rJIynee, qeM H ,lIYMaJI, - npepBaJI era JIa68.H. - .H He
HMeJI B BH,n;y HHKaKOH 60JIe3HH. :3TO rpHO. He rpHnn, a rpHo,
nOHHMaemb? ~a, MHorOMY Te6H npH,n;eTcH yqHTL.
(IIo Hny 31CXOJtbMY «Tymma KapJtccon, IIep6aJl
u eouncmeennast. JlIooeuz l1emblpnaOl4-amblU u opyzue»)
1. ECTb 11101 B BblAel1eHHblX CI10Bax 6YKBbl, He COBnolAatOU4He co .fjJ
3sYKaMH?
2. HY>KHO 11101 3HaTb KaKHe-I1H60 opcporpacpHyeCKHe npaBHl1a,
YT06bl He OWH6HTbCSI B HanHcaHHH 3THX 6YKS?
3. KaK Ha3blBaeTCSI HanHcaHHe, A11J1 060eHosaHHJI 8bl6opa KOToporo
HY>KHO npHMeHHTb opcporpacpHyeeKOe npasHl1o?
4. Ha30BH opcporpaMMy-eornaeHYto 6YKSY S SblAeneHHblX el1OBax.
BcnOMHH COOTBeTeTsytoU4ee opcporpacpHyeCKOe npaSHno. KaKaJl
eU4e opcporpaMMa-corl1aeHaJi eeTb B OAHOM 1013 BblAel1eHHblX enos?
KaK OHa Ha3blSaeTeJl?
S. BblnHWH SblAeneHHble enosa, nOA6epH K HHM npOaepOYHble.
0603HaYb opcporpaMMbl.
6. 3aKOHYH npeAl10>KeHHe: OpcporpaMMa - 3TO HanHcaHHe, AflJI
06ocHoBaHHJI sbl60pa KOToporo He06xoAHMO •.. HanpHMep •.•
Op<jlOrpaMMa - .TO HarrHcaHHe (6YKBa, np06eJI H liP·)·
l..{To6bI Bbl6paTh np8BHJI.bHOe HanHC8.HHe, Heo6xo,n;HMO npHMe-
HRTb oPcPorpacpHQeCKOe npaBHJIO. nQn~, cag, YCIHblii, n0A.-ro-
po•.
13. OPlPOrPaMMhI B CJIOBaX II Mem;:J;Y CJIOBaMli MOJKHO HaHTH no
OC06blM npHMeT8M - on0 3Ha BaTeJIhHblM npH3H8X8 M . Hanpa-
Mep, op<lorpaMMY- rJIaCHYIO 6YKBY MomHo HaliTH no 6eaYl1ap-
HOMY nOJIOmeHlUO I'JI8CHOrO 3ByKa B CJIOBe (n~n~), a optPorpaM-
MY-COI'JI8CHYIO 6YKBY Momao HaHTH Ha KOHU;e CJIOB8 (caA) HJlll
B CTeqeHHH COrJI8CHbIX (yctHbIH).
34. np0J.13HeCJ.1 Bcnyx AaHHbie cnOBa. Ha30BH cnOBa, B KOTOPblX
Her op<po rpaMM . • Ha30BH cnoaa C opcporpaMMoi1-cornaCHOH
6YKB0i1o 4ro n OMorno re6e B 3TOM n OHCKe ? • KaK np0J.13HOCSlTCSI
3BOHKHe cornaCHble layK'" Ha KOHLI,e cnoaa J.1 nepeA rnyXJ.1MJ.1 co-
rnacHblMH? A rnyxHe cornaCHble - nepeA 3BOHKHMH? 3anHWH 3TH
3SyKJo1 PSlAOM co cnOBaMH, B KOTOPblX eCTb opcporpaMMa.
Q6pa3eu 3an"C": cyrpoQ[n], HOl!lKa [w].
,Z:tblM, CTOJI6, rpOM, JIeB, MeA, rryx, JIyr, MOP03, Kopo6K8,
JI8BK8, 3ara,n;K8, HorTH, KOCb68, MOJIOTh6a.
• KaKHe cornaCHble 3SyKH Tbl 3anHcal1? KaKHX napHblx no rnyxo-
CTH-3S0HKOCTH cornaCHblX HeT cpeAH HHX? nOA6epH H 3anHWH caOH
npHMep c 3THMH 3sYKaMH.
35. np04HTaH CTHxoTsopeHHe-wYTKY 6.B. 3axoAepa. ~cnpasb
nYHKTya4HOHHble oWH6KH, paccTasb 3anfiTbie KapaHAaWOM S Y4e6-
HHKe . • HaHAH H BblnHWH Cl10sa C opcporpaMMoH- nposepfieMoH
corl1acHoH 6YKS0i:1 a KopHe Cl1osa. 0603Ha4b on03HasaTe11bHbie
npH3HaKH, KOTopble nOMOratOT Te6e Hai:tTH 3Ty opcporpaMMY, ra-
110"lKOH (V ) caepxy. • nOA6epH npOSepO"lHble Cl10sa K AaHHbIM.
KaKHe cnoco6bl nposepKH Tbl Hcnol1b30sal1? • 0603Ha"lb opcpo-
rpaMMy. ~
Q6pa3eu. 3an"C": IiPYt- APyq~·
rAe 110 CTaBHTb 38 U STYlO?
OqeH b-Oq eHb
CTpaHHblli BHI1:
Pe'lKa 38 ORHOM )
rOpHT~
qeii-TO AOM) XBOCTOM BHJISleT,
IIecHK
Ifa pymhH CTpeJIHeT,..
M 8JIb q HK
q yrb He CJIOll8JI
MbllliKY "
~
Ko'lj B QlIR8X CXB8THJl aepHO.,1
't.JHTaeT KHIDKKY"", ,IJ;a RaK KpHKH e T,
CTapblli l1el1, YJIeTaH:
BneTeJI B OKHC4, - B OT tITO 3 Ha"lHT
Bopo6eli} aalIRTaR!
Opcporp8.MM a .IIpoBepH eMble c o rJI8 CHble B K o pHe CJIOBa.
tIT06b1 npaBHJIhH O 0603H8QHTh H8 IIRChMe IIapHble IIO rJIY-
XOCTH-3BOHKOCTH CorJIaCHbIe B RopHe CJIOBa, HYJKHO H3Me-
HRTh CJIOBO HJIII rro,np6paTh K HeMY TaKOe O,ll;HOKOpeBHoe,
B KOTOPOM OOCJIe corJI8CHOrO CJIe,n;yeT rJI8CHblH 3By-K.
~ ~~v ~
IIoa8ul. - nOa8U£!!. VlaJ.KU - ZAa ;!'yK.
0 1103HaB8TeJIbHble npH3H8KH opcpor paMMbt - R OBen; CJIOB8
H CTeqeHHe c orJI8CHblX .
Bce 11101 napbl 3S0HKHX 101 rnyxHx cornaCHblX 3SYKOS npeAcTasl1e-
Hbl HH>Ke? ECI1H HeT, npOAOI1>KH 3anHCb.
[6] [8] [r] [)I(] [3]
I I I I I
[n] ['*'] [K] [w] [c]
36. K AaHHblM npHl1araTel1bHblM nOA6epH aHTOHHMbl C op-
cporpaMMo~-nposepfieMoH cornacHoH 6YKSOi:t S KopHe cnosa
101 npOSepO"lHble K HHM.
,lJ;8JIeKHH, llacTblH, m ecTRlfH, THJKeJIbIH, CMeJIblH.
• 0603Ha4b opcporpaMMY H ee ono3HasaTe11bHblH npH3HaK.
• CocTasb H 3anHWH npeAflO>KeHHe C ASyMfI np Hl1araTel1bHbIMIoo1-aH-
TOHHMaMIoo1, COCTaab ero cxeMy .
OpcporpaMMa «HenpOBepHeMbl e COrJIaCHble B Kop He CJIOB8.
IIp8Bo IIHc8HHe H enpOBepSleM bIX COr JI8CHbI X B R o pHe CJIOB8
Ha,n;O 38TIOMHH8Tb.
~,~.
OnOaHaBaTeJIhHhle npH3HaKH Op<lOrpaMMbI - KOHeI1 CJIOBa
H CTe'leHHe COrJI8CHblX.
37. np04loo1TaH. 06bflCHIoo1 3Ha4eHHe C110a , 3anHcaHHbiX HH)f(e.
• Ha~AIoo1 opcporpaMMy-corl1acHytO. Cnloo1wH, nOA61oo1pafl nposepo4-
Hble C110aa K AaHHblM. 0603H~a"lb 0f?CPorpaMMY ·
14. P06KHH (MaJIbIIII), pOnTaTL* (Ha CYIIL6y), Be3TH (6aralK),
BeCTH (pe6eHKa 3a PYKY), YB"IIIIIHH (I1BeTOK), YB"3IIIHH
(B cy rpo6e), H3MOPOCL (3a OKHOM), H3MOP03L (Ha BeTKax lIe-
peBLeB)_
• 1113 enOB, AaHHblX B cKo6Kax, Bblnlo1WH cnoaa C opcporpaMMOH-
npoaepfieMOH cornaCHOH B KopHe. 0603Ha'-lb opcporpaMMY.
3anOMHH H pa3J1lf'1aH!
po.Q.KIIH seaTH H3MOpO~h
pOIITaTb Be!eTli H3MOPO,tb
-38. npO'-lHTaH. Ha30BH opcporpaMMy I KOTopafl BCrpe'"laerCfI
B BblAeneHHblX cnoaax. no KaKoMY nplo13HaKY Tbl MO>KeWb HaH-
TH :ny opcporpaMMY? • BCnOMHJ.1 npaBJ.1flO npaaonHCaHIo1J1 He-
npOH3H001MbiX comaCHblx B KopHe cnoaa.
TIpa311HHK
KTO
6YKBY A
lIo6aBHJI
B eJIDBD
TIPA3AHllK?
HasepHoe, KaKoH-HH6~e
TIPOKA~HllK!
(K. MUI"caAAepc, nep. r. KpY:H<lCOea)
OpqmrpaMMa .HenpoH3HocHMhIe COl'JI8CHbIe B KopKe CJIOBat
'llT06bI He omH6HTbCSI B aanHCaHHH CJIOB8 C aenpOH3-
HOCHMbIM COI'JI8CHhIM, aymao nO,ll;06paTb T81(Oe O,lJ;HO-
KOpeRHOe eJIDBD, B KOTOPOM 3TOT COl'JI8CHbIH rrpOH3HO-
CHTCSl nepe,n; I'JI8CHblM.
~b(,it - ~umbl Qnuu - oQmb.
On03HaBRTeJIhHblH rrpH3HRK Op¢lOrp8.MMbI - CTeqeHHe
COI'JIaCHhIX.
39. np0I.UnaH. no on03HasaTenbHOMY nplo13HaKY HaHAIo1 s AaH-
HblX enosax opq:.orpaMMbl-eornaeHble 6YKSbl, 3aTeM SMeeTe
-
e nposepOliHblMIo1 enosaMIo1 3anlo1WIo1 Io1X S eOOTseTeTSYtow.yto KonOH-
Ky Ta6nIo1L.1,bI. • 0603Halib opcporpaMMbl. • K KaKIo1M enosaM Henb3R
nOAo6paTb npOSepO"'lHble?
,poBepHeMhIe cornaCHbIe
B KODDe CJIOBa
HenpoH3HOCHMhIe cornaCBhIe
B KODBe CJIOBa
IIoBSl3Ka, 3Be3,lJ;HLIH, MecTHhIH, nOAPy~Ka, JIeCTHHo;a, pe3-
KHH, HHTepecHblH, COJIHrr;e, YJIhl6Ka, CqaCTJIHBbIH, ,lJ;ep3KHH,
cep,I1;n;e, 3,11;paBcTByii, CKOJIb3KHH, meq,cKHH, qeCTHhIH, YCT-
HLIH, npeJIeCTHhIH, qyacTBoBaTb, yqacTBOBaTb.
• KaKoe 1013 enoB Tbl He 3anlo1ean HIo1 s OAHY 1013 KonOHoK?
nOlieMY? Ha30sIo1 101 3anlo1WIo1 HeeKonbKO enOB, B KOTOPblX HeT
Henpolo13Hoelo1Moro eornaeHoro.
40. K nplo1naraTenbHblM S AaHHblX enOBoeOlieTaHIo1RX nOA6eplo1 CIo1-
HOHIo1Mbl e Henpolo13Hoelo1MblMIo1 eornaeHblMIo1 B KopHe.
• 0603Halib on03HaBaTenbHblH nplo13HaK opcporpaMMbl 101 opq:.o-
rpaMMy.
Xpa6phIH BOHB, neqaJIbHhIH B3rJIH,I1;, mecToKHH npoTHB-
HRK, orpoMHhlH Meq, 3HaKOM8Ji p;opora, cKBepHaJI norO,l1;a.
IIOlIcKR3Ka: rpycTHLIH, I'HI'aHTCKHH, 6e3)KaJIOCTHhIH, ,11;06-
JIeCTHhIH, HeHRcTHLIH, H3BecTHhIH.
41. npO"'lIo1Ta~ . • Bblnlo1wlo1 OAHoKopeHHble enosa, pa36eplo1101x no
eoeTasy . • KaKlo1e opcporpaMMbl-eornaeHble 6YKBbi eCTb B 3TIo1X
enoBad 0603Halib opq:.orpaMMbl, 3anlo1WH nposepoliHble enosa K
AaHHbIM .
CnoBo HCKYCHldH BOCXOP;HT K CTapOCJIaBHHcKoMY HCKYC (H
HCKYC) - HCnhITaHHe, OIIhIT. HCKycHLIii - 3Ha'tlHT npome,o;IIIHii
HcnblTaHHe, XOPOIIIO 3HaIOlIHH cHoe lIeJlO, YMeJlblH. HanpH-
Mep, HCKycHaJI pa6oTa, HCKYCHhIH MacTep, repOllHH PYCCKOH
HapOIlHOH CKa3KH MapL"-HCKYCHHl1a.
B CJIOBe HCKYCCTBO BhI,I1;eJIJIeTCSI TOT me KopeHb, a BTopaa
6YKBa C npHHR,lJlelKHT CY<!><!>HKCY -CTB-.
15. • COCraBb npeAIlO>KeHHSI co CnOaaMI-i HCKYCHbIH, HCKYCCTBO Ioi
co Cll0aaMH, BKl1lO""IeHHbIMH B paMKy.
3anoMBH!
HenpOH3HOCHMoro COrJI8CHQro BeT B CJIOBax:
6JIeCHYTb IIJIe~yTb HCKy~h[ii
42. Cnlo1wH, BCTaBb, rAe Hy>t<HO, "pO"y~eHHble 6YKBbl.
Hanlo1wlo1 "pOBepo....Hble enOBa K AaHHbIM • • 0603Ha....b opcpo- .
rpaMMy • • HaHAH B Ka>t<,qoH rpynne enOB OAHO nlo1WHee enoBo,
nOA'"IepKHH ero.
1. JIec_HHu.a, yq:aC_HHK, oKpec_HocTb.
2. Y m8c_HhIH, npeJIeC_HblH, BKYC_HhIH.
3. Iloa_HRB, :3Se3_HbIH, MOP03_HhIH.
4. l.Jec_Hhlu, qY,lI;eC_HblH, HCKYC_HbIH.
• B KaKoi:1 rpynne 11Io1WHero enOBa He OKa3anoeb?
I 43. npO....J.1Tai1 OTPblBOK 1013 eTJ.1XOTBOpeHIo1f1 1<..0.. 6anbMOHTa
• «OceHb». l<aKoH BIo1AIo1T no:n oeeHb? Ha30BJ.1 C110Ba (10111101
enOBoeo....eTaHIo1S1), nOMoraKl~lo1e no:ny npeACTaBHTb oeeHb KaK
)t(l.1BOe cyw,eCTBO.
IIocneBaeT 6pycHHKa,
CTMH AaH XOJlO,ll;Hee,
If OT UTJl1ILerO KpHK8
B cep~e TOJIhKO rpycTHee.
<...>
COJlB~e peme CMOOTCH,
HeT B ~eTax 6JIaroBOHbS. *
CKOPO Ocem. npOCHeTCH
Ii aanJIaqeT cnpOCOHbS.
• B BblAeneHHblX cnoaax 0603Ha""lb 3HaKOM V on03HaaarenbHbie
npH3HaKH opcporpaMM. Bee IlH H3seCTHbie re6e on03HaaarenbHbie
"pH3HaKH BCrpenmJ.1Cb B AaHHblX cnoaax? • nOA'"IepKHJ.1 H Ha30S'"
opcporpaMMbl, KOTopble Tbl Hawen no on03HaBaTenbHbiM nplo1-
3HaKaM.
OnucaRHe - TIm peql{, B KOTOPOM paCKphIBaRlTCH nP1{3Ha·
KH npe,ll;MeTOS, HBJIeHHH, mHBOTHhIX, 'tJeJIOSeKa.
OnHcaHHe MomeT JIH60 H8'tJHH8TbCSI C o6m;ero n pH3H8Ka,
JIH60 3aKaffllHB8TbCSJ HM. 06hI'tJHO B OIIRC8HHH rosOPHTCH O,ll;-
HOBpeMeHHO 0 HeCKOJIbKHX npH3HaKax.
~
TeKCT-OIIHC8HlIe CTPOHTCSI TaR:
1. 06~ee BIIeq8TJIeHHe 0 npe,ll;MeTe, SlBJIeHHH, RapTURe.
2. PacKpblTHe rrpH3H8KOB 3TOro npe,nMeT8, .R:BJIeHHSI, Rap-
TRHhI B onpe,ll;eJIeHHOH IIOCJIe,ll;OB8TeJIbHOCTH.
3. OueeR8 npe,o;MeT8, HBJIeHHH, KapTHHbI: BhIpaateHHe CDO-
ero oTHoDIesHSI K HeMY (K Heft).
(Pp) 44. nOAP06Hoe H3no>t<eHHe TeKeTa-onHeaHHR.
1. npO....HTaH 3arnaBHe. liTO Tbl Mo>t<eWb npeAnonO>t<HTb 0
eOAep>t<aHHH, 0 THne TeKCTa no 3arnaBHKl?
2. npO....HTaH TeKeT. l<aKHe nplo13HaKIo1 rOBopfiT 0 TOM, ....ro 3TO
TeKCT-onlo1eaHlo1e?
3. OnpeAenlo1 TeMY TeKeTa 101 TeMY Ka>t<,qoH ....aeTH. CoeTaBb 101 3a-
nlo1wlo1 nnaH. BblAenlo1 B Ka>t<AoH ....aeTIo1 KnKl....eBble enOBa.
OceHHHe ,lI;HH
HscTynserr oceHb. Ha JIHCTbHX H TpaBe no YTP8.M JIemHT xo-
JIO,ll;HaSi cepas poca. TpaBa H JIHCTbH yme meJITOBSTble, no,ll;-
COXLllHe. BblrJISIHeT COJIan;e, H aOJIOTble JIRCTbSl a8TpeneW;yr aa
<poHe rOJIy60ro He6a.
BeTep YHOCHT JIHCTbSl. OaH IIoxomH Ha MeJIKHX llTHqeK,
KOTopble HecyTcSI B TenJIble Kpax. B TRXYIO noro,ll;Y JIHCTbSl
na.a;alOT, menqyrcH , npow;alOTCS HaBCer,ll;a.
Ha onymKe JIeca pacTyr MOJIO,ll;ble OCHHKR. OceHblO Bce OHM
CTaHOBHTCH paaHOIJ,BeTHbIMH. KameTCSI, 'tJTO B JIecy HM XOJIO,n-
HO. BoT H BbIlliJIH OHH norpeTbCSI aa COJIBbIIDKO.
XJIe6 CnOJIeii yme y6paH. qepHhIe rpa'<H 6poIIHT no 3eMJIe,
Hm;yT yn9.BIIIHe aepHa. XJIOnOTJIHBhIe COpOKH ceMbSlMH ROp-
MSJTCSJ OKOJIO 60JIbIDHX ,lI;opor. M8JIeHbKHe H8XOXJIHBIIIHecSJ
Bop06bH c6HsalOTCH B CT8HKH. XOJIO,ll;aeT. CROPO y,ll;apHT nep-
ShIH Mopoaen;.
(Ilo MM. IlpUWBuny)
4. nepe""Ta>i Ka>K,lYto YaCTb. 06paT" BH"MaH"e, KaKHe KapT"-
Hbl nHcaTe11b pJ.1cyeT enOBaMJ.1, KaKJ.1e npH3HaKJ.1 oeeHIo1 onHeblBaeT,
Ha KaKHX AeTa11f1X oeTaHaB11J.1BaeT eBoH B3r11f1A.
5. nepeeKa>t<H Ka>KAYKl ....acTb TeKeTa e onopoH Ha n11aH J.1 K11Kl-
....eBble e110Ba.
16. 6. 06pant BHHMaHl-le, KaKlo1e npeA"O>KeHHSI (npocTble, npOCTble c
OAHOPOAHblMH "UleHaMH, cnO>KHble) Hcno11b3yeT aSTop. npOaHanJ.oi3H-
pya:t nocTaHoBKY 3HaKOB npem1HaHHSI.
7. nOA'"IepKHH H 06bSlcH.... B cnoaax H3BecTHbie Te6e op¢>orpaMMbl.
45. PaccMoTplo1 Ta6n1014Y. C onopoH Ha cOAep>+<aHlo1e Ta6nlo1-
4bl COCTaab YCTHblH paccKa3 «no KaKJ.1M npJ.13HaKaM MO>KHO
HaHTIo1 opcporpaMMbl a cnoaax 101 Me>KAY cnoaaMIo1».
Op<j>orpllMMbI
rJIftCHble
6YXBbI
COrJIaCHlde
6YXBbI
6YXBbI " H 'h
60JIbWHe
6YXBbI
npo6eJI
On03HOaTeJIhH.hJe
npH3HaKH
otxboroaMM
6eaYllapHoe
IIOJIOmeHHe rJIac-
Horo 3BYKa;
mHnHnl're nepell
I'JI8.CHhIMH;
KOBen; CJIOBa;
CTelleBHe corJIftc-
HhIX;
MSIJ'KHe corJIftCHble
Ha KOHn;e H B cepe-
,o;HBe CJIOBa;
aByx [H') nOCJIe co·
I'JIaCHhIX IIepe,o;
rJIftCHblMH;
IIpHMepbI
~ . r7'-. ::lV '
MQPSI - MQPe, A!leXaTb,
qHT~ (.qHtiTb - I cnp.);
v v
mYKa, LHH.3Hb;
~.- GbI:
fpyc"IHblA-~~~T;
v v •
oceHll, BOJIhHhIH;
", [A'] ..,,,,[A']
JI~m, £1l~3,o;;
v v
mHIISlIQHe Ha KOHn;e HO~h (3-e CKJI.), Mopm (2-e
CJIOBa; CKJI.);
v
IIl] "" xOHIe rJIllroJIOB; Y'lHThCH (Heonp. cp.);
HMSI co6cTBeHHoe; Bepa(co6cTB.),focCHSI
(s06CTB.);
Ha,,8.JIO npeIlJIO>Ke· IXcepllueH C Xa>KllbiM
HHSI;
IIpe,o;JIOI'H;
qaCTHIJ,a He
AHeM rJISlmy B CJIOBapb.
(C.H. MaprnBx)
v •
nO,lLropoH;
He XOqV (m.
~
46. PaccMoTpH H npoaHanH3Hpya:t rpacpwolecKoe o603Ha-
'-IeHJ1e B cnoaaX-npJ.1MepaX Ta6mtL..I,bl ynp. 45.
1. 4TO o603Ha4aeT 3HaK V?
2. 4TO 0603Ha'-leHO OAHOH 4epToa:t? A AByMSI "'IepTaMH?
3. nO'-leMY He BO Bcex npHMepax eCTb 3HaK YAapeHHR?
4. n04eMY He BO Bcex npHMepax 0603Ha'-teHa ....acTb cnoaa,
e KOTOPOH HaXOAHTCSI opcporpaMMa?
5. 4TO 3anHcaHO B cKo6Kax PSlAOM C HeKOTOpblMJ.oi cl1oBaMH?
6. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, KaKOH CMbtCn CKpblT B rpaqntyeCKHX 060-
3Hal.(eHHSlX?
7. lIro Tbl MO>KeWb paCCKa3aTb 0 HamtCaHHH C110B, onlo1paSiCb Ha
HX rpacpw-teCKoe 0603Hal.{eHlo1e?
Oco6eHHOCTH CJIOB, KOTopble IIOMorruoT OlIpe,o;eJIHTb, liTO
CJIe,o;YeT IIHCaTb B TOM HJIH HHOM CJIyqae, Ha3bIBaIOTCSI yenoBH-
HMB Bbl60pa opcporpaMMhI. HanpRMep, B npBBRJIe °HanRca·
HHH npOBepSleMhIX corJIaCHbIX B KopHe CJIOBa RX Bbl60p 3ftBH-
CRT OT ,o;ByX YCJIOBHH: OT nOJI~H IIe~JIaCHblMH H OT
HftXOJKAeHHSI B KopHe CJIOBa. 'KopOQKa -"'K0POQ2YKa.
47. npOI.{J.1TaH cnoaa • • PacnpeAenJ.1 J.1X no KonOHKaM, BcraanJu"
rAe He06xoAJo1MO, HY>KHYtO 6YKay. npOaHanJ.13lo1PyH AaHHbie a 06-
pa3~e rpacpJ.1yeCKlo1e ycnoaJ.1S1 8bl60pa opcporpaMM, c J.1X nOMO-
UJ,btO acnOMHIo1 opcporpacplo1l.{eCKlo1e npaalo1na Hanlo1caHHSI 6YKB .. 101 ....
• rpacpJ.1yeCKJ.1 0603HaYb ycnoBIo1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMM.
b Ha ROHu;e H B
cepe,ll;HHe CJIOBa nOCJIe
6YJCB. 0603Hft'llaIOJJJ;Hx
MHI'KHe COrJIaCHbIe
CO'lleTaHHSI
'IK, qa, U, JI1I,
nr;a, HIQ;. PW;
Pa3,ll;eJIHTeJIbHLIe
'hUh
06pa3eu 3anIo1CJ.1: CTe~!l.
KO~~U.O
nO"T08b'" (6e3 b)
rOHWHK (6e3 b)
CeM!l.~
~ ..CbeMKa
=-=
En_, nOll_ Ta, 30p_Ka, pym_e, HO'tl_HOH, MM_ qHK, TIOJIeH_,
C60P_IIJ;HK, rop_KHH, B_lOmHbIH, alIeJI CHat nOA_e3,o;,
XJIOII_H, IITeH_qHK, Me,o;Be,lL, KaMeH_m;HK, 06_HBJIeHHe,
•
II!lBHJIbOH
~
17. 3,rt;opoB_e, 60raTblp_ , npoc_6a, MOIILHbIH, .z:r;OQ_K8, Bopo6_H,
flOA-eM, naBRR_ oH, 6YRh_H.
Opq,orpaMM8 4: YnoTpe6JIeHHe L AnSI 0603HaQeHHH
M.HI'KOCTH COrJI8CHhlX 3SYKOB Ha rrHCbMet
BYKBa b 0603HaQaeT MHI'KOCTb COI'n8CHbIX 3BYKOB aa
nHCbMe Ha KOHne H B CepeiHHe CJIOBa.
J J
TIOAe.!!-b, Kane:!!:bKa.
BYRnR L He ITHmeTCSl B COQeT8HHRX corJI8CHhIX 'tIK, lIB,
'IT, fill , J.IJ;H, IIID;, pm;.
o J , V
IImu'tICa, H..Il.H.ltUmb, nO.MO~UIC.
On03H8SaTeJIbH bIe npH3H8KH opq>orpaMMbI - MJUKHe
COI'JI8CHhle aa KOHII,e CJlOBa H B CTeqeHHH COrJI8CHbIX.
Op<porpaMM8 "Paa,lJ;eJUiTeJlbHble 1) II b*
Paa,n;eJ1I1TeJIbHbIH 'b DHlIleTCSJ TOJIbKO nOCJIe npHCT8BOR,
OKaB"tIHBarom;HXC.fI aa COl'JIaCHbIe, nepe~ 6YKBaMH e, e,
10, 11 .
Od:{,,,-3a, noltjiM.
Pa3,lJ;eJIHTeJIbHblH b IIHmeTCH BHyTpH CJIOB IIOCJIe
6YKB, 0603HaQalOJIViX COl'JI8CH ble 3ByRH ( He n OCJIe
npHCT8.BOK), nepe,lJ; 6YKB8.MH e, e, 10, H , H , a T8.KJKe B
aeKOTOpblX HB01l3bNHbIX CJIOBRX nepe,lJ; 6yt<BOH O.
v v v ~ ~BblOn, apY~b~. COJl.O~bU, nOlima!l gn. 6Yf} _n .
On03HaB8TeJIbHbtii np"3HaK opq,orpaMMhl - 3BYK [il']
nOCJIe COrJI8CHbIX H nepe,lJ; I'JI8CHbtMH .
- - - ---
KJIIO'IeBbJe CJIOBa TeM.bJ:
opq,orpaMMa
ono3H8BaTeJIbHblH npJ.i3H8X opcpOrpaMMbJ
YCJIOBIUI BhlfioP8 op<llOrpaMMhl
48. CocTaBb YCTHblH paccKa3 no TeMe «OpcporpaM-
Ma», HenOflb3YSl enOBa TeMbl H HX OnpeAeI1e-
~
HIo1S1 . BKntO'"l101 B paCCKa3 caOH nplo1Me pbl• • .lloKa>KH, "4TO AIlS! Toro,
I.tTo6bl HaY'"IHTbCSI npHMeHSlTb opcporpaq:n1'"1eCKHe npaBHna Ha npaK-
TIo1Ke, Heo6xOAHMO 3HaTb nOHSITHSI, npeAcrasneHHble B 3TOM napa-
rpacpe.
(Pp) 49. TeKCT-Onl-tCaHlo1e. npOYIo1Tai1 TeKCT, 03arl1aBb ero.
KaKoe HaCTpoeHlo1e Bblpa310111 aBTop? nOAyepKHIo1 CI10Ba, KOTo-
pble nOMorl1H HapHcoBaTb KapTHHY oceH",.
TIPHI'JI .fIAHCb xopomeHhKo - RaK x o pom , K8K KpaCHB
OCHHOBblH JIec , oco6eHHo B .fICH bIe oce H HH e ABU. B nypnyp-
HO-KpaCBbIH li 30JIOTHCTbIH ll,BeT OKpame aa JIHCTB8. ~BeTBbIM
KOBPOM paCCTHJIalOTCH rro,lJ; ,nepe Bb.flMli orr8Bmlie JIHCTb.fl, a
KOe-I'Ae BHAHbI KpaCBOBaTbIe III8.IIKH rr03AHHX rpu60B-nO,lJ;OCH-
BOBUKOB. Em;e ll,BeTyT rrOCJIeABHe D;BeTbI, CJIbIWBhI nTH'IhH
I'OJIoca. I Ii TOJIhKO XOJIO,ll.HbIe o ceHHHe HOQU npeABelll,8IOT CKO-
phIe 3a Mop03KH.
(IIo H .C. COICoAo8y-MuICumo8Y)
• BblnHwH OAHoKopeHHbie cnoBa, BblnOI1HH HX pa360p no co-
CTaBY·
(Pp) 50. COYHHeHHe-onHcaHHe no nHYHblM BneyaTneHHflM.
HanHwH C04HHeHHe-onHcaHHe Ha TeMY «OceHHHH nec».
1. nOHa611fOAaH 3a npHpoAoH, 3a KpacKaMIo1 H 3BYKaMH oceHH.
2. nOAYMai1 HC!A 3aMblCI10M C04HHeHHfI, ccpopMynHpyi1 H 3anH-
WH rnaBHYIO MblCl1b, pa604Hi1 nnaH.
3. nOAYMaH, KaKHM 06~HM npH3HaKOM oceHH 6YAeT HaYHHaTb-
CSt TBOe onHcaHHe, KaKHe npH3HaKH Tbl 6YAewb onHCblBaTb.
4. HanHwH nepBblH BapHaHT TeKCTa Ha 4epHoBHKe, 3aTeM npo-
Bepb, cooTBeTcTByeT I1H TeKCT nl1aHY, nonYYHnOCb nH onHcaHHe
(onHeaHbl 11101 npH3HaKH oceHH B npHpoAe, Ha3BaH nH 06~HH npH-
3HaK B Ha4ane HnH B KOH4e e04HHeHHSi, Bblpa>KeHO I1H CBOe OTHO-
weHHe K KapTHHe oceHH). CAenaH Heo6xOAHMbie HcnpaBneHHSi.
5. npoBepb HanHcaHHe el10B, nOCTaHOBKY 3HaKOB npemtHaHHfI.
6. nepenHwH TeKCT Ha 4HCTOBHK.
18. § 5. HOPMbl npoH3HoweHHII 3BYKOB pe'lH
51. Bbl6epH 1013 B03MO>KHbIX SapJ.oiaHTOB
enOB npaBJ.1nbHbl~ • • 06bSlCHH eBOH Bbl6op.
BOlla - B [O]lIa
---- B [a]lIa
_II [0] pa
IIopa ----II [a] pa
'Ia,lHTb ./ 'I [H]IIMTh
"'I [a]IIMTb
l11aBeJIb /"111 [H] BeJIb
'111 [a] BeJIb
npOH3HoweHI,HI
rpH6(rpH [6]
rpH [n]
/ po [r]
por" po [K]
po [x]
52. npOLlJ.1Taa1 MY>KCKlo1e J.1 >KeHCKHe OT'"IeCTBa. CosnaAaeT
m1 npolo13HoweHHe C Ham1caHHeM? liTO npOHCXOAHT C 3nlMH
CI10BaMH npJ.1 n pOH3HoweHHH? nOyeMY Tbl J.1 X np0J.13HOCHWb
HMeHHO TaK?
AHTOHOBHl:J, CeMeHOBl-PI, CTenaHOBH't{, cI>e,l1;OpOBHQ, Ba-
CHJIbeBHa, EBreHbeBHa, TPOc:pHMOBHa, AHToHOBHa.
53. np04J.1Tai1 u.enOL.tKH CIlOB. KaKoH 3syK o603Ha4eH B
6e3YAapHoM n0110>KeHIo1J.1 6YKsaMJ.1 a H 0 nacne TsepAblx co-
rnacHblx? • V13MeHH cnoaa TaK, 4T06bl 6e3YAapHbll1 rnacHblH
6bln nOA YAapeHHeM. KaKHe 3syKJ.1 B 310M cnyyae 0603Ha4aK>T-
CSI 6YKsaMJ.1 a J.1 o?
,l1;aBHo - Ka3HHTb - MaJIbIm - marrYH - caMa.
Bo,n;a - Hora - GOJIeTb - XO,n;HTb - rOCTHTb.
54. npO'"lHTaH u.enO'"lKH enoa. KaKoH 3SyK 0603Ha'"leH
a 6e3YAapHoM nono>+<eHHH 6YKaaMH A, e, H noene MS'lrKHX eo-
rnaeHblX? • J..13MeHJ.1 enoaa TaK, '"ITo6bl 6e3YAapHblH maCHblH
6bln nOA YAapeHHeM. KaKHe 3SyKH a 3TOM enY'"Iae 0603Ha'"latOT-
eS'l 6YKBaMH A, e, H?
THHYTb - B3aJIa - KJIHJIaCb - cHami.
Be,n;a - JIeCOK - ce,n;oH - 3eMJIa.
BHceTb - CH,n;eTb - JIHCTaTb - 3HMa.
55. npO'"lHTaa:i TeKeT S paMKe. 03arnasb ero. • Pa36eH
TeKeT Ha CMblenOSble '"IaCTH. nOcTaBb K Ka>t<AoH 4aeTH 80-
npoc. COCTaBb nnaH . • nepeCKa>KH TeKCT no nnaHy. KaKHe ,~
Hoabie caeAeHHS'I Tbl nonY'"lHn? r~
JIHTepaTYPHhIH H3bIK HMeeT HOPMbI (IIpaBHJIa) npOH3-
HomeHHa . HopMaMH npOH3HomeHHa H y,n;apeHHa 3aHHMaeT-
ca HaYKa op«l>oanHH (OT zpett• •op<pOC» - npaMOH, npaBHJIb-
HhIH H .anOC» - pe'tJ:b). OHa orrHChIBaeT He TOJIbKO HOPMbI
rrpOH3HomeHHH, ocoGeHHocTH 3BY'tJ:aHHa HeKOTopbIX CO'tJ:eTa-
HHH 3BYKOB, rrpaBHJIbHylO nOCTaHOBKY y,n;apeHHH B PYCCROM
H3hIRe, HO H Bce pacxom,n;eHHa B HanHcaHHH H npOH3Home-
HHH CJIOB.
BOT HeCKOJIbKO op<jlosIInqeCKHX HOpM (npaB"JI) PYCCKOro
H3hIRa.
B IIepBoM npellYllapHoM CJIore [a] H [0] nOCJIe TBeplloro co·
rJIaCHOrO IIPOH3HOCHTCH KaK [a]: S[O]lIhI - B[a]lIa, K[O]ChI -
R [ a] ca. STO Ha3hIBaeTCH (c aKaHbeM» •
B nepBOM rrpe,n;Y)J;apHOM CJIore nOCJIe MHfROfO COfJI8CHOrO
[a], [e], [0], [H] npon3HOCHTCH KaK [H]: [T'it]HeT - T[n]HYTb,
[6'a]lIhI - 6[n]II", [II'M]meT - n[H]caTb, [T'O]K - T[n]KJIa.
STO Ha3hIBaeTCB 4: HKaHbeM» •
B KOHn;e CJIOB H B HX Cepe,lI;HHe nepe,n; r JIYXHMH corJIaCHbI-
MH 3BOHRHe COrJIaCHhIe orJIymalOTCH: HCTpe[G]bI - HCTpe[n],
Tpa[B]it - Tpa[<jl]Ka.
QTo6bI JIy'tJ:me 3HaTb HOpMhI rrpOH3HomeHHH, HymHo
nOJIb30BaTbCH op<po::mHQeCKHM CJIOBapeM.
56. npOH3HeeH cnoaa a eOOTBeTCTBHH e HOpMaMJ1 npoH3Howe-
HHS'I. EenH eOMHeBaeWbCS'I, nOCMOTpH B opcpo3nH'"IeeKOM enoaa-
pe HnH • KOHLe y"e6HHKa Ha c. 196.
llTo, 'tJ:To6hI, nOHHJI, 3eJIeHoro, 6aJIOBaTbCH, TBOpOf, ap6Y3,
,n;OKYMeHT, KpaCHBee, o6ecrre'tJ:eHHe, cJIyqaH, CTOJIHp.
• COCTaBb ABa npeAflo>+<eHHS'I e 3THMi-1 CnOaaMJ.1 . nOA'"IepKHH
rpaMMaTH'"IeCKYtO oeHoay.
19. 57. npOl.jJo1Ta~ TeKel, 03arnaSb. C>+<aTO 1013110>+01 era cOAep>+<a-
HHe. • CnHwIo1, BCTaBnsu~ nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl. 0603HaLtb opcpo-
rpaMMbl Ha MeeTe nponYCKoB. KaKosa HopMa npoH3HOWeHI<i~
cnoaa Aocyr? BblmtWH era, nOCTaSb YAapeHHe . • KaKHM
opcp03m1....ecKHM HopMaM nOALtJ.1HSleTCfI npoH3HoweHHe BblAeneH-
HblX enos?
IIpeiCT_ BJUllO, KIIK BbI Y/LBHTeCb, eCJlH Y3S8_Te, qTO mKO-
JIa no-rpeqeCKH 3Haq_T •.zr;ocyr••
He npaBi8 JlH CTpaHHO: mKOJIa - H BiPY_ iocyr?
AeJIo B TOM, 'tfTOI rpeKH no,o; ,n;ocyroM nOApaaYMeB8.JIH He
6e3iem.e, a CB_ 60iHble, Ha iocyre, D_CeiL1' MYiP_nOB-<PHJlO-
CO$OB* co CB_HMH yq_ HHKaMH 0 pa3HbIX HaYKax.
BHa'llaJIe npOBJ];HJIHCb TOJI_KO 6_ce.n;hI, HO n03,l{Hee nO_BH-
JlHC& CaMbIe HaCTOJlIr(He aaHSlTHSI, r.zr;e ,o;eTJlM npenO,lLBBJIH
QTeHHe, nHC_MO, ClJeT,
opaTopCKoe* HCKYCCTBO.
rHMH8CTHKY, MY3hIKY, n033Hro,
• (B.B. BOAuIla)
,lQcyr
qlHJIOCOIj>
58. CmtWH. nOA....epKHH H3BeCTHbie Te6e opq:,orpaMMbl.
• CocTaeb H 3anHWH ceOH npeA110>KeHHfI co cnoeaMH OtcYHH H
OKY"", nOA....epKHH B HHX rpaMMaTH....ecKylO OCHOBY.
MHe CJIOBO l:;rYAHo l
H3MeHHTb HeTpYiHO:
CKopeH, ceCTpa, Ha phI6
IIoCTaBHM YiapeHHe Ha 0 -
HCqe3JIO qy,n;HO,
B3rJIHHH,
DOnaJIHCh aa KproQOK2
OHH,
B BeiepKO PYKY OKYH",
POAHJIOCh qY,lJ;HO J
• He 60HC.a:: aTO OKYHH.
(9. K03A08CICUU)
KJIIO'leBbie CJIOBa TeMLI:
rrp0113HOWeBHe
Y,lIapeHHe
HOpMhl
- § 6_ 6YKBbi 0, e nocne WHnAIqHX • KopHe enOBII
59. npOLtJ.1TaH cnoaa Bcnyx. KaKoH rnacHblH 3SyK CllbIWJ.1TCSI
nOA YAapeHHeM nocne WHnJlw,ero B KopHe Bcex cnoB? A Ka-
KHe 6YKBbl nHwYTcfl?
• CcpopMynHpyii npaBHno caMOCTOfiTenbHO. AononHH rpaqnt-
....ecKoe o603Ha....eHHe ycnoBHii Bbl60pa opq,orpaMMbl.
QhIH ~ ~
~ fuopOx ~HhIH
~hIH illoil ~blH
~Ka ~------~v__------_____
UCKA.
OpqlOrpaMMa .BYKBbI 0, enocJle mHnlllIHx B KopHe f-I_ _- - ,
CJIOBa.
ECJIH B RopHe CJIOB8 oocJle m Hrr.R:m;erO nOA YAa p eHHeM
CJIhImHTC.R: [0], TO H8.,lI;O OHC8Th e.
.--------;----- ~ r---., ~
l1cKJUOQeHHSl : KPbl:JICQ8H. U IC, ULQP OX, W Q8, "anIOUL~ H.,
~ -~-
Ma~gp H.bLU. :tQnopn bLU.
f!ii;;;c08bLU; ~ (UCKJI.).
Orr03H8.BaTeJIhm.I..H IIpH3HaK o pqmr psMMbI - mHII~He
nepe,n; rJIaCHhIMH.
nonp06yii nOA06paTb K cnoeaM Hdinn.IH, wenoT, '4epHblH OA-
HOKopeHHbie cnoea-rnaronbl, a K cnoey aqenKa - OAHOKOpeH-
Hoe cy~ecTeHTenbHoe . KaKYIO 3aKOHOMepHocTb Tbl 3aMeTHn?
• EcnH Tbl CAenaewb eepHblii BblBOA, TO OTKpoeWb e~e OAHH
BapHaHT opcporpaq:,H....ecKoro npaSHna.
27. • OAHO 1013 3THX cnOB SlBIlSleTCSI Ha3BaHIo1eM CTHXOTBopeHHSI 60plo1-
ca 3axoAepa. BcnoMHIo1 Io1IlH nepeLtIo1Tai:1 ero (KHHra AIlSl LtTeHIo1J1
«B OAHOM CLtaCTIlHBOM AeTCTBe», KH. 1). Ha LteM nocTpoeHa Hrpa
cnOB 8 3TOM CTHXOT80peHHH? nonp06yi:1 06bSlCHHTb HaYLtHblM Sl3bl-
KOM, HcnOIlb3YSl C80H IlHHr8HCTHLteCKHe 3HaHHSI.
84. npOLtHTaH TeKCT. 06paTH 8HHMaHHe, KaKHM cnOBOM «Hr-
paeT» aSTop. B KaKHX neKCHLteCKHX 3HaLteHHSlX ynoTpe6IleHo
3TO CIl080? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, KaKoe 1013 3THX 3HaLteHHH npSlMoe,
a KaKoe nepeHOCHoe? KaKaSi CMblcn08aSl C8S13b Me>KAY 3THMH
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qTO 3TO 6hlJI8 a8 KallIal KCT8TH, HMeHHO KaIIIa -
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HaJIHCh . KJIaCCbl ry,o;eJlH, 6YPJIHJIH. OT,1l;eJlbHhIe rOJloca 6YJlh-
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2. OTen, TOJIbKO tITO BepHyJlcH ,o;OMOH H3 60JlhHHU;hI C ollepa-
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T
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Hoe.
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4eHHH, a B KaKOM - a nepeHocHoM. EcnH COMHeBaeWbCSl, YT04HH
no TonKoBoMY cnoaaplO . • 06bSlCHH, Ha 4eM OCHOBaH nepeHoc
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HyeTcH; Mope BOJlHyeTcSI; *BOJIByeTcH meJlTelOm;aSl HHBa ••
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ocenb) II T.,o;. IIepeHocHoe 3HatIeHHe CJlOBa Bcer,ll;8 CBSlaaHO C
npSlMhlM.
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,o;ame He 3aMetIaeM SToro: u8em 80:HC8b, 8peMR JLemum, MO.n.O-
KO y6e:HCa.n.0. TaKoe CJlOBoYlloTpe6J1eHHe ,ll;JlSI Hac npHBbIqHO.
Ho BOT MhI qHTaeM y JIbBa KaCCliJIJI: .rpOM8.,1HhIe KpyrJIhIe
OllKU,aeM1tbtX no.n,ywapuu CMOTpeJlH co CTeHbIt. TaKOH yBH)1;eJl
M8JIbqHK, repoH KHHrH, reorpa<pH"lIeCKYIO KapTy nOJlymapHH.
nHCaTeJlh ynoTpe6HJI 3TO BblpameBHe B nepeHocHoM 3HatIe-
HRR, If MbI y,ll;HBHTeJlbHo SlCBO npe,o;cT8BHJlH 3TY KapTY, ee
l (JIA. KaCCUJlb.J.e<Konoyum u ill6aM6panuJw ) ' . Ih- _ ...
BllCT.!16tOJIb 7 a.::s:; -r 7 I ' 7 ,-"51
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MeTsctmpa - SpRoe, HeofihIl.{aOe, 06pa3Hoe BhIpameHHe. 3,lI.eCb
CJIOBO ynoTpe6JIeHO B nepeHOCHOM 3HaQeHHH, OCHOBaHHOM Ha
CXo.o;CTBe. JI.A. KaCCHJIb He CKaaaJI npHMo, "lTO KapTa nOJly-
mapH:ll noxoma Ha 60JIbllHe Ot{IUi, HO MhI YJIOBHJIH :lTO CKPhl-
Toe cpaBHeHHe.
MeTa<jlQPa
nOl.leMY CIlOB B Sl3blKe 3Ha'-lJ.1TenbHO MeHbwe, 4eM npeAMeToB,
• JlBneHHi:1, Aei:1cTBHi:1, npH3HaKoB - TO eCTb Bcero, 4TO HY>+<HO
• Ha3blBaTb? nonp06yi:1 06bJlCHHTb , Hcnonb3YJl CBOH 3HaHHR no
neKCHKe .
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BHHMaHHe Ha 3amaBHe CTHXOTBOpeHHJI . '-ITO nOMomo n03TY HapH-
COBaTb 06pa3 «AOMa, rAe 11I05J1T Hac»?
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Ii no JIlo6oii MYApeHoii KapTe
MhI STOT CTP8HHblM ,I:(OM H8H,lJ;eM -
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r,n;e paBHO - B ,lJ;eKa6pe Ii B MapTe -
BCTpe'tIalOT
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(H.ll. YmKUH)
• 3anHWH cnOBOC04eTaHHR, B KOTOPblX 6bl cnOBO conHe'tHblH
ynoTpe6nRnOCb B nps:lMOM 101 nepeHOCHOM 3Ha4eHHH • • nOA6epH 101
3anHWH CHHOHHMbl K npHnaraTenbHOMY COnHe"lHbIH B TOM 3Ha4e-
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1
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KOBbl oco6eHHocTH TeKCTa-OnHCaHJ.1S1 . HamlwH 0 xapaKTepe,
AyweBHblx Kal.leCTBaX 6nJ.oi3KOrO, Aopororo Te6e l.IenOBeKa.
nOCTapaHcfI J.1CnOnb30BaTb B om<1CaHJ.1H HeKOTopble H3 AaHHblX
enOB B nepeHocHoM 3HayeHHJ.1 (cpOPMY cnosa, eCTeCTseHHO,
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06JIatJHblH2, OTKpblTbIH.
KJllOlJeBbie CJlOBa TeMLI:
xY.IlOmeCTBeHHbrt'r TeRc'r
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qeJIOBeRa H Ha MOp,ll;e y mHBOTHhIX. IIpRoMou noc. 2. IIepe,IJ;-
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3KHIIaml, -a, oM. JlerK8H HerpY30B8H nOB03K8, ROJIHCR8.
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• ECTb 11101 4TO-TO 06w.ee Me>+<AY neKCH4eCKHMH 3Ha4eHHs:lMH
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3KHna)t(? • KaK Tbl AYMaewb, nO"'leMY 0 cnOBe HOC HanHcaHa OAHa
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53
29. 90. npo"no1Ta~ WYTOI.IHOe CTHxoTBopeHHe M. MIo1TpeHtU1Ha.
I 06pant BHHMaHHe Ha BblAeneHHble cnoaa. OnpeAel1J.1, 3AeCb
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110>KeHHJI no TOIlKOBOMY cnoaaptO.
CMOTPHT 3aHRa KOCOR,
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3a peQHOIO KOCOK
TpaBhI ROCHT KOCOK.
• nOHa6ntOAaH, '-fTO o61..1.4ero Y BblAeneHHblX enOB H l.IeM OHJ.1 01-
llHyatoTCJI.
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rrpOH3H OCSiTCH, 80 Me*,lI;Y H X JIeK CIilJ.eCKHMH 3Ba'tJeHHSIM H B eT
HHK8KOH CBSl3H.
91 . npOYHTaH npeAn0>KeHHR. B KaKOM 3Ha4eHHH ynoTpe6ne-
HO B Ka>KAOM 1013 HHX enOBO KnlO'IH? ECTb 11101 CMblcnosaSl CBSl3b
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2. KJIIOl{H OT CqaCTbSl meHCKoro, OT HameD: BOJIhHOH
BOJIlOmKH, aa6pomeHhl, nOTepHHbI••• (H.A. HeKpacoB)
3. B rJIYXOM OBpare 6hlOT qHCTbIe cTYAeHble KJIlOqH.
OMOHHMJd HymHo OT JIHQaTb OT MHor03H8'1HhlX CJIOB.
ECJIH MeJKAY AByMH CJIOBaMH, OARHaKOBhIMH no 3ByqaHHIO
H HanHcaHRIO, eCTh CMhlCJIOBaH CBH3b, OHH He HBJIHIOTCSI OMO-
HHM8MH.
Kl£lOl£U om 1C6apmUPbt Ii KJUOI£U om CllaCmbJl. - MHOr03H8'LJ-
HOe CJIOBO B npSIMOM H rrepeHOCHOM 3H8qeHHH. KI£JOI£U om
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(c. 205). • CocTaBb J.1 3anJ.1WJ.1 npeAllO)f(eHJ.1S1 co CllOBaMJ.1-0MOHJ.1-
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1. lia K8.KorO KpaHa He JIbeTCSI BOAa?
2. KIlKOH JIyK He KJIa,u;yT B cyn?
3. KaKOH mypaBJIb HHKorAa He JIeTaeT?
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5. KaROH ry6KoH BeJIb3JI MhITbCSI?
6. KaKOH JIonaTKoH He BCKonaemb rpSlAKY?
7. KaRaH ryceHu:a;a He rO,zi;HTCSI AJISI TaHKa?
93. n03HaKoMbcSI co clloBapHblMH CTaTbSlMIo1 1013 «CllOBapSi OMo-
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• nOyeMY He SlBllSitOTCSI CJ.1HOHJ.1MaMJ.1 Cll0Ba 3nOH, )KeeTOKHH J.1 6e3-
AYWHbIH? npOBepb CBOJ.1 BblBOAbl no Cll0BaptO.
96. npOYJ.1TaH clloBapHble CTaTbJ.1 J.13 ({Cll0BapSi CJ.1HOHHMOB
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100. nonpo6yii ce6. B ponH nHTepaTypHoro peAaKTopa.
OnpeAenH, KaKHe peL4eSble OWJ.16KH AonYU4eHbl B npep,nO>KeHH-
• stx. LITO Hy>KHO CAenaTb, I.U06bl HX HcnpaSHTb? • 3anHWH npeA-
_ nO>KeHI1J1 B HcnpaeneHHOM BHAe.
1. C 3THM 6e,ll;HbIM qeJIOBeKOM CJIytlHJIaCb 6e,.o;a1• 2. 1I3-
l:8JIH P;OHOCHJIaCh netI8JIhH8.SI necHa H CBORM neqaJIbHhlM MO-
rHBOM H8BeB8.JIa neqaJII:,' . 3. TeMU8H rJIy6HH8 TeMHoro JIeca
nyraJIa nYTHHKOB. KOTophIe B TeMHOTe 60SlJIHCb C6HTbCH C
OYTH. 4. 3a6aBHble paCCK83b1 3a68.BHOrO CTapHKa 3a68.BJIHJlH
ero BHyKOB. 5. 'YTKH 6b1CTPO nepeJleTaJIH C MeCTa aa MeCTO,
DblCTPO MaXaJI CBOHMH 6b1CTPblMH KPblJlbHMH. 6. Cpe,ll;H nyr-
HHBblX mHBOTHblX caMble nyrJIHBble - aTO nyrJIHBaH JIaHh H
nyrJIHBbll1 3aHn;.
CUHOHUMhl
(H3 ,,/tuzu H.B. rOAy6
«MoR. CaAtaR. nepeaR. KHU:HCKa 0 CJW6ax>})
KJIIOleBLle CJlOBa TeMbl:
TOtfHOCTb petfH
CJlOSapb CHHOHHMOB BblpaaUTeJlbHOCTh pelut
1 § 9. AHTOHHMbl
10t. npOLtJ.1TaH OTPblBOK J.13 nOBeCTJ.1 B.n. KaTaeBa «6eneeT
napyc OAJ.1HOKJ.1H» • • 06paTJ.1 BHJ.1MaHJ.1e Ha BblAeneHHble cno-
Ba • • KaK Ha3blBalOTCJI TaKJ.1e napbl cnOB? B LteM J.1X oco6eH-
HOCTb? • KaKYIO ponb J.1rpalOT 3TH cnOBa B AaHHOM TeKCTe?
OCTOPO>KHO. 06eHMH PYKaMH OTKpblBRH TH>Ke. rj-:-,,-..,-::--~
JUde CKpHnY'tlHe ,lI;BepH, IIaBJI H K OTnpaBHJlCSI
B rOCTHHYIO. 9TO 6b1Jlo 60JlLmOe nYTemecTBHe
MaJIeHhKoro MaJIb'tlHKa no nYCTblHHol1 KBapTHpe.
TaM BnoTbMax, HanOJIHHH BCro KOMHaTY CHJIb-
BhIM 38naXOM XBOH, CTOHJIO nOCpe,ll;HHe He'tlTO
rpOM8)l;HOe, cMYTHoe, ,11;0 caMoro napKeTa onyc-
THBmee TeMHble Jlanbl B npOBHcmHX 6YMamHblx n;euHx.
IIpHBbIKHYB K TeMHOTe, IIaBJIHK yBH,lI;eJl B yrJIy CTOJlHK C
nO,ll;apKaMH. IIo,ll;apKH 6hIJIH npeBOCXO,l1;Hble, rOpa3,1l;0 JIyqme,
'tIeM OB mKH,lI;aJI. O,ll;HaKO MaJIb'tl1:lKY SToro nOKa3B.JIOCb MaJlO.
OH nOTHXOHbKY nepeT8lD;HJI 1:13 ,lI;eTCKOB B rOCTHHYIO Bce CBOH
CTaphle HrpymKH, B TOM lIHCJle H 060,ll;paHHYIO Ky,z:J;JIRTKY,
H npHCOe,ll;HHHJI K ROB:bIM. Tenepb HrpymeK 6b1JlO MUoro, KaK
B Mara3HHe• ••
t 02. npOLlHTaH CTaTblO J.13 «3Hu,J.1KnOneAHLteCKOrO CnOBapJl
IOHoro c:pHnonora». liTO Tbl Y>Ke 3Han 06 aHTOHHMax H LtTO Y3Han
HOBoro H3 3TOH CTaTbJ.1? • 3AAaH Bonpoc K Ka>KA0MY a63au,y TeK-
CTa. 3anJ.1wJ.1 CnO>KHbIH nnaH, KOTOPblH Y Te6S1 nonyLtHnCR, CpaBHJ.1
ero C nnaHOM Ha c. 205.
• nOAroToBbcJI AOMa paccKa3blBaTb no 3TOMY nnaHY.
AHTOHHMhl - 3T0 CJIOBa C npoTHBOnOJIOmHhlMH aHalleBHHMH.
CJIOBO caHTOHHMt npOHCXO,ll;HT OT zpe'L. *SHTH-t - npoTHB H
*oHHMat - HMSI: eOpRl{,UU - XOJloihtblU. eope - paiJocmb. epae -
apye, .MaJlO - .MH020, BceziJa - HU1CoziJa, ao - nOCJle.
AaTOHHMhl - aTO JIUmb Te CJIOBa, KOTo phle MoryT 0603Ha-
lI8Tb CTeneHb npH3H8Ka (BanpHMep: muxuit - ZPOM1CUU, Be,11;b
MomHO CKaaaTb: 60Jlee ZPOM1CUU 3BY1C, 60Jlee muxuz'i); npOTH-
BOnOJIO)RHO HanpaBJIeBBble ,lI;eHCTBHSI (nOanUMambcR -
32. onYC1CambCJl.), TOtIKH npOCTp8..HCTBa H BpeMeHH, pacnOJIOjReH-
Hble KaK 6bl Ha pa3HblX nOJIlOcax npOCTpaHCTBeHHOH H Bpe-
MeHHOH mKaJIhI (6epx - nU3, n03ano - pano). eJIOBa, KOTO-
phle 0603HaQalOT KOHKpeTHhIe npe,lJ;MeThI, KaR npaBHJIO, He
HMelOT IiHTOHHMOB (uucarp, 6YMaea, 6apeltbe).
B xy.n;OjReCTBeHHoH JIHTepsType, oc06eHHO B n033HH, aa
aHTOHHMax 6h1Baerr OCHOB8H8 Bhlpa3HTeJIbHSSI cnJIa npOH3Be-
,lJ;eHnH. BOT, HanpHMep, HaQ8JIO OAHoro H3 CTHXOTBopeHHH
M.M. IJ;BeTaeBoii:
IIOJIlO6HJI 60raThlii - 6e/lHYIO,
IIOJII06HJI yqeHhlH - rJIynylO,
IIOJIlO6HJI PYMSlHhlH - 6JIe/lHyIO,
IIOJIlO6HJI xopomHH - Bpe/lHYIO,
30JIOTOH - nOJIymKY* MeAHYIO.
AHTOHHMbI - aTO CJIOB8 OAROH H TOR jRe QaCTI1 pe'tlH C rrpo-
THBonOJIO>KRhIM JIeKCHQeCKHM 3HaqeHHeM. ~o(jpo - 3JlO.
103. np041<1TaH cnoBapHYto CTaTbto 1<13 «CnOBapR aHTOHHMOB
PYCCKoro R3b1Ka» M.P. JlbBoBa • • KaKYto HHcpopMau,I<1to MO>KHO
I<13Bne4b 1<13 3Toro cnOBapR, CYAR no cnOBapHOH CTaTbe?
JIacKa - CTpOrOCTh
JIaCKa B roJIOCe - C1"p01'OCTJ. B roJIOCe. llpoHBJIHTh nacKY -
npoSIBJIHTh cT»Orocn. 0 KTO He MOjReT B3HTh JI8CKOH, TOT He
B03bMeT H CTPOroCTLJO. (A.II. tIexOB. 3anHCHble KHHmKH)
104. Cnl<1WH aHTOHHMbl, crpynm1poBaB HX no 4aCTAM pe41<1.
06'bRCHI<1, 4TO o603Ha4aeT Ka>KAaR napa aHTOHI<1MOB • • BCTaBb
nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl, 0603Hal.fb opcporpaMMbl Ha MeCTe npo-
nYCKOB.
1) BJIar-'pO,lJ;HbIH - HH_KHH, 6nu_ KuH - A8JIbHHH, BBepx -
BHH_ , B3JI_TaTb - Ca/lHT_CSI, B'l_ pa - 3aBTpa, /lPYlK6a -
Bp_m.n;a, 3aIIL~aTb - Han o.JI:aTh , JI106HM hIH - HeH8.BHC_HblH,
Ha.n;em.n;a - OTlJ._S1HH e , on TaM H3M~: - neccHMH3M*, npH-
6JI lKaTbCSI - YILJISiTbeSi.
;HM H3M I 2) PaCCBeT - 3B.KaT, .n;:eHb - HOllb, npK1IHB - OTJIHB,
~4, t -:CHMH 3M
60
3) PaBHo.n;:ymHblR - OT3h1BtIHBhIH, cKynoR - ID;e.n;phIii, •••
• .nOnlo1WI<1 aHTOHI<1Mbl BO 2-to 1<1 3-to rpynnbl.
iDS. nOA6epl<1 1<1 3anHWH aHTOHHMbl K pa3HbiM 3Hal.feHI<1RM
MHOr 03Hal.fHOrO cnOBa. LITO Tbl 3aMeTHn? KaKOH BblBOA MO>KHO
CAenaTb?
MSlrKHH (eBeT) - ••.
MSlrKHH (xapaKTep) -
MSlrKHH (KapaH/lam) - .••
MSirKHe (BOJlOehl) -
MSirKaSi (6YJlKa) -
eepbe3HhlH ('leJIOBeK) - •.•
eepbe3HhlH (CJIyqaH) - .••
(/lymeBHhlH) nOKOH - .••
(Ha Mope) nOKOH -
THXHH (HpaB) - ...
THxaSi (e3/1a) - •••
THXHH (rOJIoe) - .•.
106. npOI.fl<1TaH 1<1 nepeCKa>KI<1 TeKCT. 06paTI<1 BHIo1MaHI<1e
Ha THn TeKCTa (':tTO 3TO: Onl<1CaHI<1e I<1nH nOBecTBoBaHlo1e?).
B KaKOM CTI<1ne Hanl<1CaH 3TOT cpparMeHT? nonblTaHcR 060CHO-
BaTb CBOto TOI.fKY 3peHI<1R • • HaHAI<1 1<1 nOAl.fepKHI<1 aHTOHI<1Mbl.
nOAYMaH, C KaKoH ~enbto aBTop I<1cnonb3yeT TaKoe KonH4e-
CTBO aHTOHI<1MOB (o6paTH BHI<1MaHHe Ha TI<1n TeKcTa).
MOJIOAOH HID;ep 6hIJI POCTOM BhIme qeJIOBeKB; ero He-
YKJIlOmee TeJIO nOKOHJIOCh aB TOJICThIX H ,Il;JIHHBhIX
2
3a,lJ;BHX
Borax H TOJICTOM, B KOH~e cpa3y YTOHtIaBmeMCH XBOCTe;
nepe,ll;- HHe Horn 6h1JIH KopOTKHe H TOHKHe H HMeJIH no nHTH
naJIb~eB C He60JIbmHMH OCTphlMH KorTSlMH, Tor.n;:a KaK aa
3a,ll;HHX 6bIJIO no TpH naJlb~8 C 60JIbmHMH, HO TynhIMH
KorTHMH. ITo BceMY CKJIa,ll;y TeJIa 6hIJIO O'leBH,lJ;HO, QTO
mHBOTHoe npe,ll;nOQHT8JIO BepTHKaJIbHOe nOJIOjR
o
eHHe
3
ropH-
30HT8JIbHOMY, TaK KaK npH nOCJIe.n;HeM ero 38AHSIH nOJIOBHHa
no.n;HHM8JIaCb 3HRlIHTeJIbHO BhIme nepeAHei1. rOJIOBa 6b1JIa
60JIbmaH, ,Il;OBOJIhHO npoTHBHoro BHAa, C o6BHcmHMH
MHCHCTblMH ry6aMH H M8JIeHhKHMH rJIa3KaMH' 2.. TeJIo 6b1JIO
COBepmeHHO rOJIoe, KaK y JIsrrymKH, a Koma H8 om;yUb TaK8SI
jRe CKOJIb3KaH H XOJIOAHaSl.
(BA. 06py<ee .rrJlymol<uJ<')
33. • BblnJ.1WI1 aHTOHJ.1Mbl, 0603HaYb B cnosax J,13yyeHHble opcpo-
rpaMMbl.
KJllOlIeBLle CJ10na TeML1:
JleKCJ.l1.reCKoe 3H8t.IeHne CJlQB8
BHTOHJ.1Mbl
§ 10. MopljleMa - 3Ha'lHMall '1aCTb (noaa
BcnOMHH BCe I lotTO Tbl 3HaeWb 0 '"IaCHIX CI10Ba. OTSel.faSi Ha
BonpOCbl, nplo1BOAH npHMepbl.
i. CKonbKO acera cy~ecTByeT '"taCTeH Cll0Ba? Ha KaKlo1e rpynnbl
Io1X MO>t<HO pa3Aelllo1Tb?
2. AaH onpeAelleHlo1e 1013BeCTHbiX Te6e '"taCTeH CllOBa.
3. B KaKoH '"taCTIo1 CllOBa 3aKllto'"teHO ero rpaMMaTIo1'"teCKoe 3Ha-
'"teHlo1e? KaKoBbl cpyHKU,Io1H 3TOH '"taCTH clloBa?
4. KaKHe '"taCTIo1 CllOBa BXOART, a KaKlo1e - He BXOART B OCHOBY
Cll0Ba?
S. MO>t<eT nH cnOBO COCTORTb TonbKO 1013 KOpHR? TonbKO 1013
OKOH'"taHIo1R? 1-13 npIo1CTaBKIo1, CYCPcplo1Kca 101 OKOH'"taHIo1R? 1-13 KOpHR
H npIo1CTaBKIo1?
107. npO'"tIo1Tai1 CTHxoTBopeHHe 3.r. 6arpHu,Koro, o6paTIo1 BHHMa-
HHe Ha BblAeneHHble CllOBa. KaK 6bl Tbl HX crpynnlo1poBan? • BblnH-
WH cnOBa rpynnaMH, BblAenH OCHOBY B Ka>t<AOM cnOBe H '"taCTH,
BXOAR~He B COCTaB OCHOBbl • • BblAelll-1 OKOH'"taHHR.
IITHIeJIoB
(B cOKpa..m;eHHH)
TpY,!lBO ,!IeJIO nmuz;eJt06a:
3aY'IH nOBa.zKH nTHQbH,
110MBH speMH nepeJLemOB,
Pa3BhIM nocBucmoM CBucmu.
I
Ho, m8T8HCh no .o;oporaM,
IlOA aa60paMH HOtIySl,
,lJ;HAeJIh aeceJI, )l;H,lJ;eJIh MomeT
llecHH neTh Ii nmul{ ./106umb.
B 6Y3Un€, ChIPOH If KpyrJIOH,
CaJIOneH YA8PHT Ay,n;KOH,
Ha COCHe aBeBIiT CHBHIhI,
Ha 6epeae 3H6JIHK 6beT.
H BbIT8CKliBaeT ,!I;H.l(eJIb
lia KOTOMKH aanone,n;HOH
TPH MaHKa - Ii KamAOH IITHlJ,e
IIocBSlm;aeT OR MaHOK.
,u;yaeT OR B MaHOK 6Y3unnbLU,
H 3BeHHT MaHOR 6Y3HHHbIH, -
1'13 6Y3HHHoro IlpHKphIThH
OTBeqaeT COJIOSeR.
,D;YHeT DB B MaHOK cocn08bLU,
II CBHCTHT MaHQK COCHOBbIH, -
Ha caCHe B OTBeT CHHHll.bI
PaCChIIIalOT 6y6eHIhI.
~f.
t
CpaBHIo1 CBOH onpeAeneHHR '"taCTeH cnOBa C AaHHblMIo1 HIo1>t<e.
LfTO Tbl 3aMeTIo111?
KopeHh, npHCT8BKa, CY<P<PHKC, OKOHttaHHe - 3TO 3H8-
t{HMble tIaCTH CJIOBR, HJIH Mopf)eMhl.
P83,lJ;eJI H3bIK03HaHHH, H3yqarom;HiI MoP<l>eMhI, a83bIBReTCH
MopcfleMHKoii•
34. O c a OBa - :lTO lIaCTb CJIOBa 6ea OKOHT
-I3HHH H ¢lOpMoo6paay-
IOIIHX CY<P<PHKCOB.
I'YCCI<,UU, ,nOCJW8Ulja, ,noex<l,ll~ ,6poco';;;;.
B OCBOBe CJIOBa 3aKJIIOlIeHO ero JIeKCKtIeCKoe aH8QeHHe.
O ROlNaHlle - aTO H3MeHHeMaSl qaCTb CJlOBa, B KOTOPOH 38-
KJIIOtIeHO ero rp8MMaTHlIeCKoe aHaQeHHe. OKOH'lI8.R.He o6paay-
eT <P0PMY CJIOBa I'! CJIYlKHT IIJIH CBH31'! CJIOB B CJIOBOCO'IeTaHl'!l'!
H npe,llJIOJKeHHH . Ocennlezol 8emp im ,
OKO~aHHe CJIOBa MomeT 6bITb aYJIeBbIM, TO eCTb He BbIpa-
meHHbIM 3BYK8.MH. HOllb D , o8oJ-£b D , xopow D.
R opeUL - aTO rJI8BHaSl 3HallHMaSl qaCTb CJlOB8. B Kop ae
38.KJIIO~06~KClflIeCKoe 3HatIeHHe Bcex O,l1;HOKOpeHHhlX
CJIOB. B epi!3a, '6epi!3080Jl (p014o) .
IIpHc TaB Ra - aTO 3H8tIHMaSl tIaCTb CJIOBR, KOTopaH Haxo-
,o;H TCSI nepe,o; KopHeM H CJly.>KHT ,o;JlH 06paaOB8llliSl HOBblX CJlOB .
Bbixooumb, ndxoo.
C y qUi>HKC - STO 3HatIHMaH tr8CTb CJIOBa, KOTopaH Haxo,o;HT-
CSI DOCJIe K OpHH ~6b1qHO)(JIY.>KHT ,o;JISI 06paaOBaHHSI HOBbIX
CJIOB. 40M - ilOMUI< , ilo..ruUje.
cj.N G
nOl.jeMY s onpeAeneHHH cycfJcfJlo1Kca cKa3aHo, l.jTO OH 06t.I'tHO
cnY>KIo1T AnSI o6pa30saHHSI enOB , a He Bce~a? AnSI l.jero
eny>KHT CY,5PcfJHKC -n- B rnaronax ne~, Hrpana, BcxoAHJ1'o,
pa3Mt.lwnJInH? nOl.jeMY OH He SXOAHT B OCHOBY cnosa?
108. np0l.jHTal1 OTpblBKIo1 1013 noseCTH A.n . ral1Aapa «rony6aSl
l.jaWKa». Hal1AH 101 SblnHWH rnaronbl C OAHHaKOSblMH npHCTaSKaMH.
lotTO 0603Hal.jatoT 3TH npHCTaSKH? KaK Tbl AYMaewb, C KaKoH u,enbtO
Hcnonb3yeT aSTop cnOBa C OAJ.1HaKOBbIMH npHcTasKaMH?
1. IIpoRaTHJI Ha BeJIOCHTIe,o;e aarop eJIbIM MRJIb qHllIKa. IIpo-
maraJI, H8BepHOe, B JIec aa r pH68MH TOJICTbIH ,o;,H,o;h Ka C Tpy6-
ROH. IIpOlliJIa' 6 eJIOKyp aH ,o;eBH u;a C MOKPblMH nOCJIe KY0aHHH
BOJIOCaMH . A aH8.KOMblX MhI HHKoro He BCTpeTIIJIH.
2. IIocMeHJIHCb M bl H }1;YMaeM : BOT n O,l1;ye T BeTe p, aaKpy_
mHTCSI, aamymmHT Ham a 6 b1CTpaH Be pTyllIKa. OTO Bcex )1;BO-
p OB I c6erYT CSI K HallieMY ,o;OMy p e 6S1T HlIIKH. By,o;eT H y Hac
TOr,l1;a CBOSI KOMn aHHSI .
• Pa36epH no cocTasy cnosa C npHCTaSKOI1 npo- 1013 nepBoro OT-
pblBKa. • KaKlo1e 1013 3TIo1X Tpex cnos SlBmltOTCSI CIo1HOHHMaMIo1? C Ka-
KO~ u,enbKl Io1X HenoIlb3yeT aBTOp?
109. np0l.jIo1Tal1 OTPblBOK 1013 noseCTH Il.H. ToncToro «AeTcTBo».
C nOMOL4bto KaKIo1X cnOB HapHcosaH nopTpeT «l.jYAecHol1 Aesol.j-
KH»? B l.jeM oc06eHHocTb 3TIo1X cnoB? nOMOratoT nH OHIo1 nlo1caTemo
nepeAaTb l.jyscTBa ero repoSl, HHKoneHbKH VlpTeHbeBa, no OTHowe-
HHtO K ManeHbKOI1 rocTbe? • OnHwH COCTOSlHHe Manbl.jIo1Ka, KaK Tbl
ero nOHSln 101 npeAcTasHn ce6e.
•• .Ma 3aKYTaHHOH oco6b1 BhIIllJla qy,o;eCHaSl ,o;BeH8,ZJ;u;aTHJleT-
BHH ,ll;eBOllKa B KopOTe HhKoM OTKPblTOM KHceiiHoM TIJIaThHu;e,
6eJIblx OaHTaJIOBtrllKa x H KpOlIIeqHbIX qepHblX 6allIMallRax.
Ha 6 e JIeHb ROH llIeHKe 6hIJIa qepHaH 6apxa THa.a: JIeHTOllKa;
rOJIOBKa BCH 6 b1JIa B TeMHo-pYCbIX KY,o;pSlX , KOTophIe cnepe,o;H
TaK XOP OlliO lIIJIH R e e n p e KpaCHOMY JIHlIHKY, a caR,o;H - K
I'OJIblM OJIellHKaM, liTO HHKOMY, ,o;a me caMOMY KapJIY llBaHbI-
qy, H He OOBepHJl 6hI, 'liTO OH H Bh lOTCH TaR OTToro, qTO C yTpa
6 bIJIH 3aBepHYThI B K YCOqKH ((MOCKOBCKH X Be,o;OMOCTeM» H qTO
HX rrpHmHraJIH ropSlqHMH meJIeaHbIMH ID;IITII..l;aMlI. Kaa81IOCb,
OH a TaK II pO,l1;HJIaCh C aTOH Kypq aBOH r OJIOBKoH •
• Bblnlo1WH 1013 TeKCTa cnosa C YMeHbWHTenbHo-naCKaTenbHblMH
cyq:H;tmKcaMH B ABa cTon6lo1Ka . no KaKOMY npH3HaKY Tbl 6YAeWb HX
rpynnHpOBaTb? • BblAenH B Ka>KAOM cn OBe OCHOBY H CycpqJHKC.
110. np0l.jHTal1 TeKCT. CnoBa C KaKHMH KOPHSlMH S HeM nOSTO-
PSltOTCSI? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb nOl.jeMY? • BblnHWH OAHOKopeHHble
cnOBa rpynnaMH , YKa>K1-t 4acTH pe41-t • • Pa36epl-t Bee 3TI-t cnOBa no
COCTaBY·
C An:HKOM HeH HTep eCHO 6 hIJIO !!!:Q..aT~, OOTOMY 'liTO OH Bce
BpeM H n~phIBaJI. H CKa3aJI, liTO 60JIhme He 6Y}1;Y H.!'paTb B
maXMa ThI .
35. - .Krud - CK8aan AnHK. - TbI pemHJI 6POCHTb maXM8TbI?
)1;8 y Te6H BeAb 38.MeQRTeJIbHbIe l,IUlXM8T-Hhle cnoco6HOCTHI TbI
CT8Hemb 3H8MeHHTblM maXM8THCTOM, eCJIR 6y,n;emb rrpO,lJ;OJI-
, - -maTh HI'paTh.
- HHK8KHX Y MeHH cnoco6HOCTeH BeT! - rOBOplO H. - BeAb
SI BOBce He CBORM YMOM 06b!I'j?blB8JI Te6H. BceMY 3TOMY $I H8-
- -)"IHJlCll H3 KHHlKKH.
~
- H3 KaKOH KHH»tKH?
- ECTh TaK8H KHH>KK8 - yqe6HHK maXM8THOH HrYhl. ECJIH
XOllemb, H Te6e ARM nO'llHT8Tb 3TY KHH>KKY, H TbI CT8Hemb
HrpaTb He xyme MeHH.
(H.H. HOCOB «BU17lJl MaAeee 6 ULKoAe U OOM-a»)
• Pa3AenH Ha C110rH H AJ1S1 nepeHoca enOBO 06..lrplt.Ban. KaKHe
npaSHna nepeHoca Hy>t<HO BcnOMHHTb?
111. BCnOMHJ.1, KaKOBbl oco6eHHocTH TeKCTa-noaeCTBoaaHHSI.
nepe....J.1Tai1 onpeAeneHHe B paMKe Ha c. 7. CocTasb H 3anHWH
He6onbwoH TeKCT-noaeCTBoaaHHe. Era reMY nOACKa>KYT nep-
Boe H nocneAHee npeAllO>KeHHst TeKCTa, KOTopble AaHbl HH>Ke.
I.1cnonb3yH AaHHbie rpynnbl cnos C npHcTasKaMH.
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B lllKOJly.
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1) rrpHlllJlH 2)
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3) paCCKaa8JIH
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• 06bACHH, KaKYIO ponb a TSOeM TeKCTe HrpalOT
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66
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112. npO'"lHTaH TeKCT. KaK Tbl AYMaewb, n04eMY MapTblw-
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67
