1. Active Lifestyles
One of the most important lifestyle choices we
can make is either:
To be Active
To be Inactive
Essentially how much daily exercise we take
Adults should do a minimum of 30 minutes
moderate-intensity physical activity, five days a
week. - NHS Recommendations
As a rule of thumb, exercise of moderate intensity
will make you a little warm or sweaty, and slightly
out of breath, but no more than that.

2. We need to look at the impact of 4 main lifestyle
choices on our health and Physical Performance:
•Lack of Exercise
•Poor Diet
•Smoking
•Alcohol and Drugs
What is meant by an active lifestyle?

5. The British Darts Organisation was
campaigning for their sport to be included in the
2012 London Olympics; and to that end, they've
opened the Darts School of Excellence in
London. It's for for kids ages 7 to 18, as
England attempts to groom the next generation
of great darts players.

7. Activities come under the three headings
of:
Competitive Sport
Active Recreation/Leisure
Health and Well Being Activities
In the next 2 minutes write out as
many sports, pastimes or activities
as you can think of and then
categorise them.

9. Obesity
Obesity is caused by Lack of Exercise
and a Poor Diet?
Obesity is a major problem in the UK and the
western world. But it is not the actual obesity that is
killing people it the associated illnesses that arise as a
result of obesity e.g. heart disease, stroke and
diabetes.

10. “Obesity reduces life expectancy by 10 years” One in four 11 to 15 year
olds was classified as obese in 2004

11. Obesity

12. What are the negative affects of obesity on health?
Examiners Tip: You are asked to EXPLAIN these – the ‘man in
the pub answer’ is not enough!
ATHEROSCLEROSIS: ‘Bad cholesterol’ (LDL Low
density Lipoproteins)– found in saturated fats forms
plaques which attach to artery and arteriole walls causing
a small blockages.
‘Good Cholesterol’ (HDL – High Density Lipoproteins)
helps to reduce the effect of LDL’s so if we have a good
ratio of HDL:LDL cholesterols it is good for our health
HYPERTENSION : These blockages in the arteries cause
higher blood pressure known as Hypertension
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : Lack of exercise can cause
arteries to harden so stopping Vasodilation and
vasoconstriction
HEART ATTACK: When a blood vessel supplying the
heart becomes totally blocked or STROKE if this occurs in
the brain

13. DIABETES: Occurs when we are unable to
control our blood sugar levels.
The explanation…….
When we eat carbohydrate our blood sugar
levels rise and our Pancreas releases Insulin to
control this.
If we consume a great deal of simple
carbohydrate or sugars (e.g. sweets, fizzy
drinks) our blood sugar rises dramatically.
A great deal of insulin has to be released to
control this sugar and over time the body
becomes tolerant of the insulin and it no longer
has an effect.

14. The Benefits of exercise. Its effects on obesity/ health and
physical performance......... regular exam question!!!
 Burn off more of the calories consumed so
reducing obesity. – negative energy balance
 Exercise increases ratio of HDL(good) to
LDL(bad) Cholesterol
 Raises Basal metabolic rate
 Maintains higher than usual metabolic rate up to 5
hours after exercise
 Helps control blood glucose levels so reducing
possibility of diabetes.
 Reduced blood pressure due to increased elasticity
of arteries
 Maintains bone density so reduces risk of
osteoporosis
 Cardiac hypertrophy can help reduce potential of
heart attack

15. Smoking
Cigarette smoking is the greatest single cause of illness
and premature death in the UK. Smoking reduces life
expectancy by up to 10 years. Smoking-related deaths
are mainly due to cancers and serious heart and lung
problems.
Lung Cancer: 80% of cases are smoking related
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). –
a serious lung disease
Heart disease is the biggest killer illness in the UK
Other conditions where smoking often causes
worse symptoms include: asthma, colds, flu, chest
infections etc.

16. Alcohol and Drugs
In the UK deaths due to alcohol related diseases have
risen considerably over the last 20 years or so. This is
because both heavy and binge drinking have become
more common
Liver, stomach and heart diseases
High Blood pressure linked to obesity
Drugs create a psychological dependence and a
physical dependence. There is no illegal drug that
does not have serious adverse consequences to our
health and well being.

17. What are schools and local communities doing to reduce obesity?
The 5 Hour offer: For 5-16 year olds the government
would like 2 hours high quality curriculum PE and 3 hours
of sport beyond the curriculum delivered through a range
of school, community and club providers
Healthier food - Jamie Oliver
PESSCL Strategy: PE and School Sports Club Links:
Strengthening links between schools and clubs to move young
people on through the system and encourage participation.
Sports Colleges: Promoting sport in a family of schools (Fearns)
Active England:a £100m programme, funded by Sport England and
The Big Lottery Fund to support projects that increase participation.

19. For Year 13 What affects people’s Lifestyle Choices?
2011-12 What makes us decide whether to be active
or inactive? (Factors affecting participation)
Media/ Marketing
Class
Disability/Ability Provision
Race/Tradition Opportunity
Education Self - Esteem
Age
Also family support and
Money Peer pressure have a
strong impact.
Sex/Gender

20. What affects people’s Lifestyle Choices?
What makes us decide whether to be active or
eat healthily, smoke or take drugs?
Media ME CAR
Education IS
Class/Finance
D
Pink
Age Ferarri
Race/Tradition
Individual Differences(Body Image)
Sex/Gender
Disability
Provision/availability of facilities
Family/Friends

21. Some often used terms and what links them
Health: 'a state of complete physical, mental and social
well-being and not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity'
Fitness: ‘ the ability to meet the demands of our
environment
Exercise: ‘ planned, structured physical activity
that enhances our physical, mental, and social
health and fitness
Well-being: 'a state of being healthy, happy and
prosperous'
Exercise is the central link between Health, Fitness
and Well-being. It improves the physical, social and
psychological aspects of an individual.

22. What provision for sport is available in our area?

23. What different types of activity are there
and why do people participate in them?
Competitive Sport: Where performance is very
important. This has organised leagues, referees, marked
pitches and strict rules. Sport may be a Job for some as
well as competitive activity they enjoy.
Active Recreation/Leisure/:Where active participation
is important rather than performance standards.
Health and Well Being: This may be due to personal
choice(to improve body image or self esteem or
purely enjoyment) or medical recommendation (GP
Referral, cardiac rehabilitation). It can be:
a) Scientific – based on a training programme
b) Ad-hoc – unstructured – whenever you get time

24. Approaches to Sport/ Health Activities
Scientific: Ad-Hoc: unstructured
Following a strict and Training or exercising
scientifically based in a random fashion
training regime with a without any real
set aim in mind planning or particular
goal
Highly Effective but
often less enjoyable Less effective but
often more enjoyable

25. A Performance Excellence – Elite Sport Highly Organised
and structured –
Pyramid leagues etc.
Competitive Sport
Representative
(performance) Honours
Scientific
Active Recreation
Leisure
Health, Fitness, Well-being, GP
Referrals, Improving body imageunstructured
May be
(enjoyment/medical/health) and simple
organisation
Mass Participation – Grass Roots sport Unscientific?

26. Sporting Excellence
Recreation/Leisure
Mass Participation
Using a Performance Pyramid like the one above
discuss the following:
• What are the motives for a performer at each level of
the pyramid?
•Using an example explain how it is possible for an
activity to feature at different levels of the pyramid. If
so how will it be different?

27. In my chosen sport how would someone get involved
locally and then what would be their development
pathway?
County/Regional
Coach might
Representation
recommend for trials
Poss. professional
club
Age group teams –
U11, U14, U16 National
Representation
Secondary school – Players may also wish to follow a
teams or local junior coaching role in their sport. This is
clubs supported by many current
Rossendale Schools Team initiatives and usually coaching
courses can be paid for. The
Government are very keen to
Primary school or local Tots develop Young Leaders especially
t uoc S
club (parental support) as a legacy of the 2012 Olympics.

29. How is talent identified in my Sport?

30. Promoting Sport in the UK
Elite Sport Mass Participation
UK Sport - No Compromise - Sport England – Grow, Sustain,
World Class Performance Excel
Pathway (Podium, Development,
Talent) NGB – Grow their sport –
Talent Identification Team: Active people survey
Girls for Gold School Sports Partnerships:
SSCO, PESSYP/ PESSCL
Tall and Talented ‘The 5 hour offer’
Fighting Chance
Paralympic Potential “Playground to podium” – nurturing
disabled young people and adults
with potential to be elite athletes.
EIS Support for Athletes
National Lottery Funding and money from Central
Government(DCMS) – CCPR represents sport to government

31. Age
Overall, according to self-reported data, 39% of men and 29% of women met the
government’s physical activity recommendations (30 minutes moderate physical
activity, 5 times a week) in 2008. Objective accelerometer data, collected for the first
time in 2008, showed that actually only 6% of men and 4% of women met the
recommendations. Self-reported data is influenced by the respondent’s ability to
accurately recall and assess their physical activity

32. How have leisure
patterns changed in
the last 15 years

33. Reasons for reduced
participation in sport

34. Reasons For Increased
Participation
• INCREASED LEISURE TIME - people
nowadays have much more leisure time
than in the past.
• Some people like to spend this time
visiting health and fitness clubs whilst
others prefer a walk in the countryside.
• People are much more mobile now so a
visit to the seaside for example is easy
to access.
• There are several reasons for this
increase in leisure time.

35. • THE SHORTER WORKING WEEK - in the UK
today workers work 37 hours per week or less.
During the 1960’s it was common to work
between 40 and 44 hours.
• TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES - technology
has reduced the hours it used to take to do
many jobs. There are also other benefits for
example advances in medicine has meant
people are living longer and therefore able to
take part in leisure and sporting activities
beyond retirement age.
• EARLY RETIREMENT - more people now take
an early retirement than ever before
• UNEMPLOYMENT - unemployment gives
people time to take part in sport and leisure
activities. However money can be an issue.

36. Exam Style Questions
1. Explain why cholesterol lipoprotein ratios
are an important indicator of the health status
of an individual? (4)
2. Explain three potential health risks
associated with a high percentage of body fat.
(6)

37. 3. Explain how various national and local
authority schemes are being used in your local
schools and wider communities to improve the
health status of the population. (6)
4. Competitive sport, active recreation and a
balanced diet are seen as key factors in
promoting health, fitness and well-being.
Why are active recreation and balanced diet
key factors in combating obesity in the UK?
(6)

38. 5. Using appropriate examples, what have been
the main influences on your lifestyle choices? (6)
6. Explain the provision and athlete/player
development pathway that is available for a
competitive sport in your locality. (4)
7. Government health figures indicate that
approximately 1.7 million children will be obese
in the U.K. by 2010.
Explain the potential health risks to these children
in later life and what lifestyle choices could
reduce the estimated obesity figures. (10)