2. ï The
Enlightenment
starts with the
Scientific
Revolution.
ï People started to
question ideas
that had been
accepted as fact
for hundreds of
years.
Scientific
Revolution
3. ⊠a new way of thinking
ï Based on
observation.
ï A willingness
to question
accepted
beliefs.
ï Started in
Renaissance
5. All knowledge comes from..
ï The Catholic
Church and
the Bible were
the source of
what was true
and false in the
world.
6. AlsoâŠ..
ï Ancient Greek &
Roman
philosophers,
such as Aristotle,
said what was
true about the
natural world.
ï As long as it
didnât contradict
the Bible.
7. It is the mark of an
educated mind to be able to
entertain a thought without
accepting it. - Aristotle
8. Ancient World
ï Most scholars
believed that the Earth
was the center of the
solar system.
ï All planets moved in a
perfect circle around
the Earth.
ï The Sun rotated
around the Earth.
9. Scientific Revolution
ï Was a new way of
looking at the natural
world.
ï Traditional ideas were
found to be wrong
through observation,
experimenting and
theories.
10. Muslim World
ï Muslim scholars had
made great advances
in science & math.
ï The Age of
Exploration helped
Europeans learn
these advances, as
well as in astronomy
& physics.
11. Nicolaus
Copernicus
ï In the early 1500âs, he
studied planetary
movement for 25
years.
ï Copernicus, a Polish
cleric & astronomer
believed the
geocentric theory was
wrong.
ï He proposed the
heliocentric
theory
12. Heliocentric
Theory
QuickTimeâą and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
ï This theory states that
Mr. Healy is the
center of the solar
system.
ï Copernicus studied
planetary motion and
disproved the
geocentric theory.
ï He believed the
heliocentric theory
was true.
ï It states that the sun is
the center solar
systems.
17. Heliocentric
Theory
ï Heliocentric theory states
that the sun is the center
of the solar system.
ï Copernicus wrote a book
called On the Revolutions
of Heavenly Bodies.
ï He did not publish the
book until he was on his
death bed.
ï He feared persecution
from the Church
20. ï Copernicus knew the
Catholic Church
could torture or
execute him for his
findings.
ï The Church used
torture and murder to
maintain power.
ï His book was
published in 1543 as
he was dying.
ï Johannes Kepler
proved his theories
mathematically.
Persecution
21.
22. ï In 1581, a 17 year old boy
proves that Aristotle's idea
that planets move in a
perfect circle was wrong.
ï He watched a chandelier
in a Cathedral swing and
questioned itâs motion.
ï He timed itâs movements
& developed the Law of
the Pendulum.
ï Each swing of the
pendulum, no matter how
far, took the same time.
Galileo Galilei
23. ï Aristotle said that
heavy objects fall
faster than lighter
objects.
ï Galileo went to the
top of the Tower of
Pisa and dropped
stones of different
sizes.
ï He proved that all
objects fall at the same
speed no matter what
their weight.
Galileo
QuickTimeâą and a
TIFF (Uncom pressed) decom pressor
are needed to see this picture.
24. ï Develop the
first practical
telescope.
ï Discovered that
Jupiter has four
moons.
ï These theories
contradicted
the Church
Galileo
25.
26.
27. The Church
ï Galileo was in
conflict with
Church teachings.
ï He presented the
ideas of
Copernicus and his
own theories.
ï He was put on trial
by the Inquisition.
28. The Church
ï He was found guilty of
heresy.
ï Under the threat of
torture, he admitted
that his ideas were
wrong as were
Copernicusâs.
ï He remained under
house arrest for the
rest of his life.
29. Scientific Method
ï Logical procedure of
gathering information and
testing ideas.
ï It starts with a problem
arising from observation.
ï Next, a hypothesis or
theory is formed.
ï From a hypothesis you
experiment and draw a
conclusion.
30. Descartes & Bacon
ï Rene Descartes
developed analytical
geometry.
ï Francis Bacon used
math to prove
theories of Galileo
and Copernicus.
31. Isaac Newton
ï An English scientist
develop a single
theory of motion.
ï He supported Kepler,
Copernicus, Galileo &
Descartes ideas of
motion.
32. Gravity
ï He disproved Aristotle's
idea that one set of laws
govern earth and another
governs the heavens.
ï He published a book
called âMathematical
Principles of Natural
Philosophy.â
ï The universe id like a
giant clock, all its parts
dependent.
